Python: Compute parquet stats (#7831)

* Add function to compute parquet file metadata

* Addition of docstring and extra parameter to avoid reading the file
unnecessarily

* Refactor the statistics computation entirely to use pyarrow metadata

This commit makes sure to test the metadata computation both using
`pyarrow.parquet.ParqueWriter` and `pyarrow.parquet.write_to_dataset`.

* Appease pre-commit hooks

* Fix temporary path

* Make the metrics mode configurable as documented here: https://iceberg.apache.org/docs/latest/configuration/

* Initialize binary serializers only once

* Log arrow not implemented exception

* Fix None comparison expression

* Add map column to test data

* Moving pyarrow specific code to io.pyarrow

* type annotation

* Refactor the stats collection using the pyarrow visitor

* Clean redundant code and add warning message to the log

* Address some of the review comments

* Add tests to check of the number of columns found by the statistics
collector is correct

* We don't want to truncate numeric data types

* Verify match of Iceberg types with Parquet physical types

* Fix truncation of upper bounds

* Transform asserts to ValueErrors

* Add review suggestions

* Address simple code style review comments

* Fix potential null write

* Apply function name refactoring

* Move pyarrow statistics tests to a new file

* Disable stats computation for nested types

* Modularize the fill_parquet_file_metadata function

* Allow metrics modes to have extra whitespace but not other trailing
characters

* Move upper bound truncation logic to another file

* Be defensive with regards to missing row group statistics

* Add tests for structs

* Remove special treatment of UUIDType

* Rely on parquet column path rather than column order

This commit adds a visitor to compute a mapping from
parquet column path to iceberg field ID.

* Change mood to imperative to appease linter

* Factor out the logic to obtain the current table schema

Author: maxdebayser

python/pyiceberg/avro/__init__.py

@@ -16,5 +16,8 @@
 # under the License.
 import struct
 
+STRUCT_BOOL = struct.Struct("?")
 STRUCT_FLOAT = struct.Struct("<f")  # little-endian float
 STRUCT_DOUBLE = struct.Struct("<d")  # little-endian double
+STRUCT_INT32 = struct.Struct("<i")
+STRUCT_INT64 = struct.Struct("<q")