diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 3ab798ef012..24ccc4255c4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -24,8 +24,70 @@ on:
     types: [opened, reopened, synchronize]
     paths-ignore:
       - '**.md'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  pull-requests: read
 
 jobs:
+  detect-raft-changes:
+    name: "detect-raft-changes"
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      raft: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.raft }}
+    steps:
+      - name: "Detect raft-related changes"
+        id: filter
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          GITHUB_API_URL: ${{ github.api_url }}
+          GITHUB_REPOSITORY: ${{ github.repository }}
+          PR_NUMBER: ${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+        run: |
+          python <<'PY'
+          import json
+          import os
+          import urllib.request
+
+          api_url = os.environ["GITHUB_API_URL"]
+          repository = os.environ["GITHUB_REPOSITORY"]
+          pr_number = os.environ["PR_NUMBER"]
+          token = os.environ["GITHUB_TOKEN"]
+          output_path = os.environ["GITHUB_OUTPUT"]
+          prefixes = (
+              "server/",
+              "discovery/",
+              "distribution/",
+              "test-suite/",
+              "script/",
+              ".github/workflows/",
+          )
+
+          page = 1
+          raft_changed = False
+          while True:
+              request = urllib.request.Request(
+                  f"{api_url}/repos/{repository}/pulls/{pr_number}/files?per_page=100&page={page}",
+                  headers={
+                      "Accept": "application/vnd.github+json",
+                      "Authorization": f"Bearer {token}",
+                      "X-GitHub-Api-Version": "2022-11-28",
+                  },
+              )
+              with urllib.request.urlopen(request) as response:
+                  files = json.load(response)
+              if not files:
+                  break
+              if any(file_info["filename"].startswith(prefixes) for file_info in files):
+                  raft_changed = True
+                  break
+              page += 1
+
+          with open(output_path, "a", encoding="utf-8") as output:
+              output.write(f"raft={'true' if raft_changed else 'false'}\n")
+          PY
+
   # job 1: Test based on java 8, 17, 21 and 25.
   build:
     name: "build"
@@ -153,3 +215,136 @@ jobs:
               -Prelease-seata \
               -DskipTests \
               -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+
+  raft-current-server-current-client:
+    name: "raft-current-server-current-client"
+    needs: detect-raft-changes
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && needs.detect-raft-changes.outputs.raft == 'true' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: "Set raft workspace"
+        run: echo "RAFT_WORKSPACE=${RUNNER_TEMP}/raft-current-server-current-client" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Set up Java JDK 25"
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v3.12.0
+        with:
+          distribution: 'zulu'
+          java-version: 25
+          cache: 'maven'
+      - name: "Prepare scripts"
+        run: chmod +x ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh
+      - name: "Build current server-only distribution"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl distribution -am -Prelease-seata-server -DskipTests package \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+          echo "SEATA_CURRENT_SERVER_ARCHIVE=$(ls distribution/target/apache-seata-server-*-bin.tar.gz | head -n 1)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Start current raft cluster"
+        run: |
+          ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh start \
+            --distribution "$SEATA_CURRENT_SERVER_ARCHIVE" \
+            --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE" \
+            --env-file "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Run current client raft compatibility test"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl test-suite/test-new-version -am \
+                 -DfailIfNoTests=false -Dtest=ExternalRaftClusterIT test \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+      - name: "Stop current raft cluster"
+        if: always()
+        run: ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh stop --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE"
+      - name: "Upload current/current raft logs"
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: raft-current-server-current-client-logs
+          path: ${{ env.RAFT_WORKSPACE }}
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+  raft-previous-server-current-client:
+    name: "raft-previous-server-current-client"
+    needs: detect-raft-changes
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && needs.detect-raft-changes.outputs.raft == 'true' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      SEATA_PREVIOUS_RAFT_VERSION: 2.6.0
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: "Set raft workspace"
+        run: echo "RAFT_WORKSPACE=${RUNNER_TEMP}/raft-previous-server-current-client" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Set up Java JDK 25"
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v3.12.0
+        with:
+          distribution: 'zulu'
+          java-version: 25
+          cache: 'maven'
+      - name: "Prepare scripts"
+        run: chmod +x ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh
+      - name: "Start previous stable raft cluster"
+        run: |
+          ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh start \
+            --distribution "$SEATA_PREVIOUS_RAFT_VERSION" \
+            --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE" \
+            --readiness-mode tcp \
+            --env-file "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Run current client against previous raft server"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl test-suite/test-new-version -am \
+                 -DfailIfNoTests=false -Dtest=PreviousServerCurrentClientCompatibilityIT test \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+      - name: "Stop previous raft cluster"
+        if: always()
+        run: ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh stop --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE"
+      - name: "Upload previous/current raft logs"
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: raft-previous-server-current-client-logs
+          path: ${{ env.RAFT_WORKSPACE }}
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+  raft-current-server-previous-client:
+    name: "raft-current-server-previous-client"
+    needs: detect-raft-changes
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && needs.detect-raft-changes.outputs.raft == 'true' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: "Set raft workspace"
+        run: echo "RAFT_WORKSPACE=${RUNNER_TEMP}/raft-current-server-previous-client" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Set up Java JDK 25"
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v3.12.0
+        with:
+          distribution: 'zulu'
+          java-version: 25
+          cache: 'maven'
+      - name: "Prepare scripts"
+        run: chmod +x ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh
+      - name: "Build current server-only distribution"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl distribution -am -Prelease-seata-server -DskipTests package \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+          echo "SEATA_CURRENT_SERVER_ARCHIVE=$(ls distribution/target/apache-seata-server-*-bin.tar.gz | head -n 1)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Start current raft cluster"
+        run: |
+          ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh start \
+            --distribution "$SEATA_CURRENT_SERVER_ARCHIVE" \
+            --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE" \
+            --env-file "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Run previous stable client against current raft server"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl test-suite/test-previous-version -am \
+                 -DfailIfNoTests=false -Dtest=PreviousVersionRaftCompatibilityIT test \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+      - name: "Stop current raft cluster"
+        if: always()
+        run: ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh stop --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE"
+      - name: "Upload current/previous raft logs"
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: raft-current-server-previous-client-logs
+          path: ${{ env.RAFT_WORKSPACE }}
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
diff --git a/.github/workflows/raft-compatibility.yml b/.github/workflows/raft-compatibility.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..92f8906038d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/raft-compatibility.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+name: "raft-compatibility"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ 2.x, develop, master ]
+    paths:
+      - 'server/**'
+      - 'discovery/**'
+      - 'distribution/**'
+      - 'test-suite/**'
+      - 'script/**'
+      - '.github/workflows/**'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+env:
+  SEATA_PREVIOUS_RAFT_VERSION: 2.6.0
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  raft-current-server-current-client:
+    name: "raft-current-server-current-client"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: "Set raft workspace"
+        run: echo "RAFT_WORKSPACE=${RUNNER_TEMP}/raft-current-server-current-client" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Set up Java JDK 25"
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v3.12.0
+        with:
+          distribution: 'zulu'
+          java-version: 25
+          cache: 'maven'
+      - name: "Prepare scripts"
+        run: chmod +x ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh
+      - name: "Build current server-only distribution"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl distribution -am -Prelease-seata-server -DskipTests package \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+          echo "SEATA_CURRENT_SERVER_ARCHIVE=$(ls distribution/target/apache-seata-server-*-bin.tar.gz | head -n 1)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Start current raft cluster"
+        run: |
+          ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh start \
+            --distribution "$SEATA_CURRENT_SERVER_ARCHIVE" \
+            --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE" \
+            --env-file "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Run current client raft compatibility test"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl test-suite/test-new-version -am \
+                 -DfailIfNoTests=false -Dtest=ExternalRaftClusterIT test \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+      - name: "Stop current raft cluster"
+        if: always()
+        run: ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh stop --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE"
+      - name: "Upload current/current raft logs"
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: raft-current-server-current-client-logs
+          path: ${{ env.RAFT_WORKSPACE }}
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+  raft-previous-server-current-client:
+    name: "raft-previous-server-current-client"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: "Set raft workspace"
+        run: echo "RAFT_WORKSPACE=${RUNNER_TEMP}/raft-previous-server-current-client" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Set up Java JDK 25"
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v3.12.0
+        with:
+          distribution: 'zulu'
+          java-version: 25
+          cache: 'maven'
+      - name: "Prepare scripts"
+        run: chmod +x ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh
+      - name: "Start previous stable raft cluster"
+        run: |
+          ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh start \
+            --distribution "$SEATA_PREVIOUS_RAFT_VERSION" \
+            --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE" \
+            --readiness-mode tcp \
+            --env-file "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Run current client against previous raft server"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl test-suite/test-new-version -am \
+                 -DfailIfNoTests=false -Dtest=PreviousServerCurrentClientCompatibilityIT test \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+      - name: "Stop previous raft cluster"
+        if: always()
+        run: ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh stop --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE"
+      - name: "Upload previous/current raft logs"
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: raft-previous-server-current-client-logs
+          path: ${{ env.RAFT_WORKSPACE }}
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+  raft-current-server-previous-client:
+    name: "raft-current-server-previous-client"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: "Checkout"
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: "Set raft workspace"
+        run: echo "RAFT_WORKSPACE=${RUNNER_TEMP}/raft-current-server-previous-client" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Set up Java JDK 25"
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v3.12.0
+        with:
+          distribution: 'zulu'
+          java-version: 25
+          cache: 'maven'
+      - name: "Prepare scripts"
+        run: chmod +x ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh
+      - name: "Build current server-only distribution"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl distribution -am -Prelease-seata-server -DskipTests package \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+          echo "SEATA_CURRENT_SERVER_ARCHIVE=$(ls distribution/target/apache-seata-server-*-bin.tar.gz | head -n 1)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Start current raft cluster"
+        run: |
+          ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh start \
+            --distribution "$SEATA_CURRENT_SERVER_ARCHIVE" \
+            --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE" \
+            --env-file "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: "Run previous stable client against current raft server"
+        run: |
+          ./mvnw -pl test-suite/test-previous-version -am \
+                 -DfailIfNoTests=false -Dtest=PreviousVersionRaftCompatibilityIT test \
+                 -e -B -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.log.org.apache.maven.cli.transfer.Slf4jMavenTransferListener=warn
+      - name: "Stop current raft cluster"
+        if: always()
+        run: ./script/ci/raft-cluster.sh stop --workspace "$RAFT_WORKSPACE"
+      - name: "Upload current/previous raft logs"
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: raft-current-server-previous-client-logs
+          path: ${{ env.RAFT_WORKSPACE }}
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
diff --git a/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/ProConfigurationFactoryTest.java b/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/ProConfigurationFactoryTest.java
index 15e36ef6e36..2ae073cce16 100644
--- a/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/ProConfigurationFactoryTest.java
+++ b/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/ProConfigurationFactoryTest.java
@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.parallel.ResourceLock;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.parallel.Resources;
 
+@ResourceLock(Resources.SYSTEM_PROPERTIES)
+@ResourceLock("ConfigurationFactory")
 class ProConfigurationFactoryTest {
 
     @Test
@@ -28,13 +32,13 @@ void getInstance() {
         System.setProperty(ConfigProperty.SYSTEM_PROPERTY_SEATA_CONFIG_NAME, ConfigProperty.REGISTRY_CONF_DEFAULT);
         ConfigurationFactory.reload();
         Assertions.assertEquals(
-                ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.name"), "file-test-pro.conf");
+                "file-test-pro.conf", ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.name"));
         Assertions.assertEquals(ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.testBlank"), "");
         Assertions.assertNull(ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.testNull"));
         Assertions.assertNull(ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.testExist"));
         Configuration instance = ConfigurationFactory.getInstance();
-        Assertions.assertEquals(instance.getConfig("client.undo.compress.enable"), "true");
-        Assertions.assertEquals(instance.getConfig("service.default.grouplist"), "127.0.0.1:8092");
+        Assertions.assertEquals("true", instance.getConfig("client.undo.compress.enable"));
+        Assertions.assertEquals("127.0.0.1:8092", instance.getConfig("service.default.grouplist"));
     }
 
     @AfterAll
diff --git a/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/RegistryConfigurationFactoryTest.java b/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/RegistryConfigurationFactoryTest.java
index 2ebb9b92110..a3775f17479 100644
--- a/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/RegistryConfigurationFactoryTest.java
+++ b/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/RegistryConfigurationFactoryTest.java
@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.parallel.ResourceLock;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.parallel.Resources;
 
+@ResourceLock(Resources.SYSTEM_PROPERTIES)
+@ResourceLock("ConfigurationFactory")
 class RegistryConfigurationFactoryTest {
 
     @Test
@@ -28,9 +32,9 @@ void getInstance() {
         System.setProperty(ConfigProperty.SYSTEM_PROPERTY_SEATA_CONFIG_NAME, ConfigProperty.REGISTRY_CONF_DEFAULT);
         ConfigurationFactory.reload();
         Assertions.assertEquals(
-                ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.name"), "file-test.conf");
+                "file-test.conf", ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.name"));
         Configuration instance = ConfigurationFactory.getInstance();
-        Assertions.assertEquals(instance.getConfig("service.default.grouplist"), "127.0.0.1:8091");
+        Assertions.assertEquals("127.0.0.1:8091", instance.getConfig("service.default.grouplist"));
     }
 
     @AfterAll
diff --git a/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/YamlConfigurationFactoryTest.java b/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/YamlConfigurationFactoryTest.java
index 696c035a704..162dda52767 100644
--- a/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/YamlConfigurationFactoryTest.java
+++ b/config/seata-config-core/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/config/YamlConfigurationFactoryTest.java
@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.parallel.ResourceLock;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.parallel.Resources;
 
+@ResourceLock(Resources.SYSTEM_PROPERTIES)
+@ResourceLock("ConfigurationFactory")
 class YamlConfigurationFactoryTest {
 
     @Test
@@ -28,13 +32,13 @@ public void getInstance() {
         System.setProperty(ConfigProperty.SYSTEM_PROPERTY_SEATA_CONFIG_NAME, ConfigProperty.REGISTRY_CONF_DEFAULT);
         ConfigurationFactory.reload();
         Assertions.assertEquals(
-                ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.name"), "file-test-yaml.conf");
-        Assertions.assertEquals(ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.testBlank"), "");
+                "file-test-yaml.conf", ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.name"));
+        Assertions.assertEquals("", ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.testBlank"));
         Assertions.assertNull(ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.testNull"));
         Assertions.assertNull(ConfigurationFactory.CURRENT_FILE_INSTANCE.getConfig("config.file.testExist"));
         Configuration instance = ConfigurationFactory.getInstance();
-        Assertions.assertEquals(instance.getConfig("transport.heartbeat"), "true");
-        Assertions.assertEquals(instance.getConfig("service.default.grouplist"), "127.0.0.1:8093");
+        Assertions.assertEquals("true", instance.getConfig("transport.heartbeat"));
+        Assertions.assertEquals("127.0.0.1:8093", instance.getConfig("service.default.grouplist"));
     }
 
     @AfterAll
diff --git a/distribution/pom.xml b/distribution/pom.xml
index ba54056bb8b..57bcceb1028 100644
--- a/distribution/pom.xml
+++ b/distribution/pom.xml
@@ -80,6 +80,48 @@
                 </plugins>
             </build>
         </profile>
+        <profile>
+            <id>release-seata-server</id>
+            <properties>
+                <maven.git-commit-id.skip>false</maven.git-commit-id.skip>
+            </properties>
+            <dependencies>
+                <dependency>
+                    <groupId>org.apache.seata</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>seata-server</artifactId>
+                    <version>${project.version}</version>
+                </dependency>
+                <dependency>
+                    <groupId>org.apache.seata</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>apm-seata-skywalking-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>${project.version}</version>
+                </dependency>
+            </dependencies>
+            <build>
+                <finalName>apache-seata-server</finalName>
+                <plugins>
+                    <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
+                        <version>${maven-assembly-plugin.version}</version>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <descriptors>
+                                <descriptor>release-seata-server.xml</descriptor>
+                            </descriptors>
+                        </configuration>
+                        <executions>
+                            <execution>
+                                <id>make-server-assembly</id>
+                                <phase>package</phase>
+                                <goals>
+                                    <goal>single</goal>
+                                </goals>
+                            </execution>
+                        </executions>
+                    </plugin>
+                </plugins>
+            </build>
+        </profile>
     </profiles>
 
     <build>
diff --git a/distribution/release-seata-server.xml b/distribution/release-seata-server.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d68dce58242
--- /dev/null
+++ b/distribution/release-seata-server.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+
+    Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+    contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+    this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+    The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+    (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+    the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+    limitations under the License.
+
+-->
+<assembly>
+    <id>${project.version}-bin</id>
+    <includeBaseDirectory>true</includeBaseDirectory>
+    <baseDirectory>apache-seata-server-${project.version}-bin</baseDirectory>
+    <formats>
+        <format>dir</format>
+        <format>tar.gz</format>
+    </formats>
+
+    <fileSets>
+        <fileSet>
+            <includes>
+                <include>plugins/**</include>
+            </includes>
+        </fileSet>
+
+        <fileSet>
+            <includes>
+                <include>bin/seata-server.bat</include>
+                <include>bin/seata-server.sh</include>
+                <include>bin/seata-setup.sh</include>
+            </includes>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/</outputDirectory>
+            <fileMode>0755</fileMode>
+        </fileSet>
+
+        <fileSet>
+            <includes>
+                <include>licenses/*</include>
+            </includes>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/</outputDirectory>
+        </fileSet>
+
+        <fileSet>
+            <directory>../server/src/main/resources/logback/</directory>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/conf/logback/</outputDirectory>
+            <includes>
+                <include>**/*.xml</include>
+            </includes>
+        </fileSet>
+
+        <fileSet>
+            <directory>../ext/apm-seata-skywalking-plugin/target/ext/skywalking-agent/</directory>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/ext/apm-skywalking</outputDirectory>
+        </fileSet>
+
+        <fileSet>
+            <directory>../server/target/lib/</directory>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/lib</outputDirectory>
+        </fileSet>
+
+        <fileSet>
+            <directory>../script/</directory>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/script</outputDirectory>
+            <includes>
+                <include>**/server/</include>
+                <include>**/logstash/</include>
+                <include>**/config-center/</include>
+            </includes>
+        </fileSet>
+    </fileSets>
+
+    <files>
+        <file>
+            <source>docker/server/Dockerfile</source>
+            <destName>Dockerfile</destName>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/</outputDirectory>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>LICENSE-server</source>
+            <destName>LICENSE</destName>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/</outputDirectory>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>../DISCLAIMER</source>
+            <destName>DISCLAIMER</destName>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>NOTICE-server</source>
+            <destName>NOTICE</destName>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/</outputDirectory>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>../server/target/seata-server-exec.jar</source>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/target/</outputDirectory>
+            <destName>seata-server.jar</destName>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>../server/src/main/resources/application.yml</source>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/conf/</outputDirectory>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>../server/src/main/resources/application.example.yml</source>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/conf/</outputDirectory>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>../server/src/main/resources/application.raft.example.yml</source>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/conf/</outputDirectory>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>../server/src/main/resources/logback-spring.xml</source>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/conf/</outputDirectory>
+        </file>
+        <file>
+            <source>NOTICE.md</source>
+            <outputDirectory>seata-server/lib/jdbc/</outputDirectory>
+        </file>
+    </files>
+
+    <moduleSets>
+        <moduleSet>
+            <useAllReactorProjects>true</useAllReactorProjects>
+            <includes>
+                <include>org.apache.seata:seata-server</include>
+            </includes>
+        </moduleSet>
+    </moduleSets>
+</assembly>
diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 05129717f49..f8e38cd4410 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
         <module>integration-tx-api</module>
 <!--        <module>namingserver</module>-->
         <module>test-suite/test-new-version</module>
+        <module>test-suite/test-previous-version</module>
         <module>test-suite/test-old-version</module>
         <module>test-suite/seata-benchmark-cli</module>
         <module>json-common</module>
@@ -373,6 +374,7 @@
             <modules>
                 <module>distribution</module>
                 <module>test-suite/test-new-version</module>
+                <module>test-suite/test-previous-version</module>
                 <module>test-suite/test-old-version</module>
             </modules>
         </profile>
diff --git a/script/ci/raft-cluster.sh b/script/ci/raft-cluster.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..ddf30bc3312
--- /dev/null
+++ b/script/ci/raft-cluster.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+usage() {
+  cat <<USAGE
+Usage:
+  $0 start --distribution <archive|url|version> --workspace <dir> [--env-file <path>] [--group <name>]
+  $0 stop --workspace <dir>
+USAGE
+}
+
+command=${1:-}
+if [[ -z "$command" ]]; then
+  usage
+  exit 1
+fi
+shift || true
+
+distribution=""
+workspace=""
+env_file=""
+group="default"
+readiness_mode="metadata"
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+  case "$1" in
+    --distribution)
+      distribution="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --workspace)
+      workspace="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --env-file)
+      env_file="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --group)
+      group="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --readiness-mode)
+      readiness_mode="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "Unknown argument: $1" >&2
+      usage
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+require_workspace() {
+  if [[ -z "$workspace" ]]; then
+    echo "--workspace is required" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
+
+resolve_distribution_url() {
+  local version="$1"
+  local candidates=(
+    "https://github.com/apache/incubator-seata/releases/download/v${version}/apache-seata-${version}-bin.tar.gz"
+    "https://github.com/apache/incubator-seata/releases/download/v${version}/apache-seata-${version}-incubating-bin.tar.gz"
+    "https://archive.apache.org/dist/incubator/seata/${version}/apache-seata-${version}-bin.tar.gz"
+    "https://archive.apache.org/dist/incubator/seata/${version}/apache-seata-${version}-incubating-bin.tar.gz"
+  )
+  local candidate
+  for candidate in "${candidates[@]}"; do
+    if curl -fsIL "$candidate" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      echo "$candidate"
+      return 0
+    fi
+  done
+  echo "Unable to resolve distribution archive for version ${version}" >&2
+  return 1
+}
+
+download_distribution() {
+  local input="$1"
+  local downloads_dir="$workspace/downloads"
+  mkdir -p "$downloads_dir"
+
+  if [[ -f "$input" ]]; then
+    echo "$input"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  local source="$input"
+  if [[ ! "$input" =~ ^https?:// ]]; then
+    if ! source="$(resolve_distribution_url "$input")"; then
+      exit 1
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  local filename
+  filename="$(basename "${source%%\?*}")"
+  local target="$downloads_dir/$filename"
+  curl -fsSL "$source" -o "$target"
+  echo "$target"
+}
+
+extract_distribution() {
+  local archive="$1"
+  local extract_dir="$workspace/distribution"
+  rm -rf "$extract_dir"
+  mkdir -p "$extract_dir"
+  case "$archive" in
+    *.tar.gz|*.tgz)
+      tar -xzf "$archive" -C "$extract_dir"
+      ;;
+    *.zip)
+      unzip -q "$archive" -d "$extract_dir"
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "Unsupported distribution format: $archive" >&2
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+locate_server_home() {
+  local server_home
+  server_home="$(find "$workspace/distribution" -maxdepth 4 -type d -name seata-server | head -n 1)"
+  if [[ -z "$server_home" ]]; then
+    echo "Unable to locate seata-server home under $workspace/distribution" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  if [[ ! -f "$server_home/target/seata-server.jar" ]]; then
+    echo "Unable to locate seata-server.jar under $server_home/target" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  echo "$server_home"
+}
+
+detect_host_ip() {
+  local host_ip
+  host_ip="$(hostname -I | awk '{print $1}')"
+  if [[ -z "$host_ip" ]]; then
+    echo "Unable to determine non-loopback host IP" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  echo "$host_ip"
+}
+
+write_cluster_env() {
+  local target_file="$1"
+  local control_csv="$2"
+  local metadata_csv="$3"
+  local tx_csv="$4"
+  local leader_control="$5"
+  local leader_tx="$6"
+  local leader_term="$7"
+  cat >> "$target_file" <<EOF_ENV
+SEATA_RAFT_WORKSPACE=$workspace
+SEATA_RAFT_GROUP=$group
+SEATA_RAFT_CONTROL_ADDRS=$control_csv
+SEATA_RAFT_METADATA_ADDRS=$metadata_csv
+SEATA_RAFT_TX_ADDRS=$tx_csv
+SEATA_RAFT_LEADER_CONTROL_ADDR=$leader_control
+SEATA_RAFT_LEADER_ADDR=$leader_tx
+SEATA_RAFT_TERM=$leader_term
+EOF_ENV
+}
+
+wait_for_cluster() {
+  local metadata_csv="$1"
+  local output_json="$workspace/cluster-metadata.json"
+  python3 - "$metadata_csv" "$group" "$output_json" <<'PY'
+import json
+import sys
+import time
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.request
+
+metadata_addresses = sys.argv[1].split(',')
+group = sys.argv[2]
+outfile = sys.argv[3]
+deadline = time.time() + 180
+last_error = None
+while time.time() < deadline:
+    for metadata_address in metadata_addresses:
+        url = f"http://{metadata_address}/metadata/v1/cluster?group={group}"
+        try:
+            with urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=5) as response:
+                if response.status != 200:
+                    continue
+                payload = json.loads(response.read().decode('utf-8'))
+                nodes = payload.get('nodes') or []
+                leader = next((node for node in nodes if str(node.get('role', '')).upper() == 'LEADER'), None)
+                if leader and leader.get('transaction') and leader.get('control'):
+                    with open(outfile, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+                        json.dump(payload, handle)
+                    sys.exit(0)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            last_error = exc
+    time.sleep(2)
+message = f"Timed out waiting for raft cluster readiness. Last error: {last_error}"
+raise SystemExit(message)
+PY
+}
+
+wait_for_tx_ports() {
+  local tx_csv="$1"
+  python3 - "$tx_csv" <<'PY'
+import socket
+import sys
+import time
+
+addresses = [entry.strip() for entry in sys.argv[1].split(',') if entry.strip()]
+deadline = time.time() + 180
+remaining = set(addresses)
+last_error = None
+while time.time() < deadline and remaining:
+    for address in list(remaining):
+        host, port = address.rsplit(':', 1)
+        try:
+            with socket.create_connection((host, int(port)), timeout=2):
+                remaining.discard(address)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            last_error = exc
+    if remaining:
+        time.sleep(2)
+if remaining:
+    raise SystemExit(
+        f"Timed out waiting for raft transaction ports: {','.join(sorted(remaining))}. Last error: {last_error}"
+    )
+PY
+}
+
+start_cluster() {
+  if [[ -z "$distribution" ]]; then
+    echo "--distribution is required for start" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  require_workspace
+
+  rm -rf "$workspace"
+  mkdir -p "$workspace"
+
+  local archive
+  archive="$(download_distribution "$distribution")"
+  extract_distribution "$archive"
+
+  local server_home
+  server_home="$(locate_server_home)"
+  local pids_file="$workspace/pids"
+  : > "$pids_file"
+  local host_ip
+  host_ip="$(detect_host_ip)"
+
+  local -a controls tx_ports internal_ports
+  controls=(7091 7092 7093)
+  tx_ports=(8091 8092 8093)
+  internal_ports=(9091 9092 9093)
+
+  local internal_csv control_csv metadata_csv tx_csv
+  internal_csv="${host_ip}:${internal_ports[0]},${host_ip}:${internal_ports[1]},${host_ip}:${internal_ports[2]}"
+  control_csv="${host_ip}:${controls[0]},${host_ip}:${controls[1]},${host_ip}:${controls[2]}"
+  tx_csv="${host_ip}:${tx_ports[0]},${host_ip}:${tx_ports[1]},${host_ip}:${tx_ports[2]}"
+  metadata_csv="$control_csv"
+
+  local i
+  for i in 1 2 3; do
+    local index=$((i - 1))
+    local node_dir="$workspace/node-$i"
+    mkdir -p "$node_dir/conf" "$node_dir/data" "$node_dir/logs"
+    cat > "$node_dir/conf/application.yml" <<EOF_NODE
+server:
+  port: ${controls[$index]}
+spring:
+  application:
+    name: seata-server
+  main:
+    web-application-type: servlet
+logging:
+  file:
+    path: $node_dir/logs
+seata:
+  config:
+    type: file
+  registry:
+    type: file
+  server:
+    service-port: ${tx_ports[$index]}
+    enable-check-auth: false
+    raft:
+      group: $group
+      server-addr: $internal_csv
+      snapshot-interval: 30
+      reporter-enabled: false
+      sync: true
+  store:
+    mode: raft
+    file:
+      dir: $node_dir/data/sessionStore
+  metrics:
+    enabled: false
+EOF_NODE
+
+    nohup java \
+      -Dloader.path="$server_home/lib" \
+      -Dspring.config.location="file:$node_dir/conf/application.yml" \
+      -Dserver.raftPort="${internal_ports[$index]}" \
+      -jar "$server_home/target/seata-server.jar" \
+      --host "$host_ip" \
+      --serverNode "$i" \
+      > "$node_dir/logs/server.out" 2>&1 &
+    echo "$!" >> "$pids_file"
+    echo "$!" > "$node_dir/pid"
+  done
+
+  local leader_control="" leader_tx="" leader_term="0"
+  case "$readiness_mode" in
+    metadata)
+      wait_for_cluster "$metadata_csv"
+      leader_control="$(python3 - "$workspace/cluster-metadata.json" <<'PY'
+import json
+import sys
+with open(sys.argv[1], 'r', encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+    payload = json.load(handle)
+leader = next(node for node in payload['nodes'] if str(node.get('role', '')).upper() == 'LEADER')
+print(f"{leader['control']['host']}:{leader['control']['port']}")
+PY
+      )"
+      leader_tx="$(python3 - "$workspace/cluster-metadata.json" <<'PY'
+import json
+import sys
+with open(sys.argv[1], 'r', encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+    payload = json.load(handle)
+leader = next(node for node in payload['nodes'] if str(node.get('role', '')).upper() == 'LEADER')
+print(f"{leader['transaction']['host']}:{leader['transaction']['port']}")
+PY
+      )"
+      leader_term="$(python3 - "$workspace/cluster-metadata.json" <<'PY'
+import json
+import sys
+with open(sys.argv[1], 'r', encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+    payload = json.load(handle)
+print(payload.get('term', 0))
+PY
+      )"
+      ;;
+    tcp)
+      wait_for_tx_ports "$tx_csv"
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "Unsupported readiness mode: $readiness_mode" >&2
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  if [[ -n "$env_file" ]]; then
+    write_cluster_env "$env_file" "$control_csv" "$metadata_csv" "$tx_csv" "$leader_control" "$leader_tx" "$leader_term"
+  else
+    write_cluster_env /dev/stdout "$control_csv" "$metadata_csv" "$tx_csv" "$leader_control" "$leader_tx" "$leader_term"
+  fi
+}
+
+stop_cluster() {
+  require_workspace
+  local pids_file="$workspace/pids"
+  if [[ -f "$pids_file" ]]; then
+    while read -r pid; do
+      if [[ -n "$pid" ]] && kill -0 "$pid" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        kill "$pid" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        sleep 1
+        if kill -0 "$pid" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+          kill -9 "$pid" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        fi
+      fi
+    done < <(tac "$pids_file")
+  fi
+}
+
+case "$command" in
+  start)
+    start_cluster
+    ;;
+  stop)
+    stop_cluster
+    ;;
+  *)
+    usage
+    exit 1
+    ;;
+esac
diff --git a/server/pom.xml b/server/pom.xml
index 9de1f407868..1c3fce22a43 100644
--- a/server/pom.xml
+++ b/server/pom.xml
@@ -105,6 +105,22 @@
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-el</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-websocket</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.yaml</groupId>
             <artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId>
@@ -528,5 +544,42 @@
                 </plugins>
             </build>
         </profile>
+        <profile>
+            <id>release-seata-server</id>
+            <properties>
+                <mysql.jdbc.version>5.1.42</mysql.jdbc.version>
+                <mysql8.jdbc.version>8.0.27</mysql8.jdbc.version>
+                <dependencies.copy.skip>false</dependencies.copy.skip>
+            </properties>
+            <build>
+                <finalName>seata-server</finalName>
+                <plugins>
+                    <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                        <version>${spring-boot-for-server.version}</version>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <mainClass>org.apache.seata.server.ServerApplication</mainClass>
+                            <layout>ZIP</layout>
+                            <attach>false</attach>
+                            <classifier>exec</classifier>
+                            <includes>
+                                <include>
+                                    <groupId>null</groupId>
+                                    <artifactId>null</artifactId>
+                                </include>
+                            </includes>
+                        </configuration>
+                        <executions>
+                            <execution>
+                                <goals>
+                                    <goal>repackage</goal>
+                                </goals>
+                            </execution>
+                        </executions>
+                    </plugin>
+                </plugins>
+            </build>
+        </profile>
     </profiles>
 </project>
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/apache/seata/server/config/ServerConfig.java b/server/src/main/java/org/apache/seata/server/config/ServerConfig.java
index 067666e1d81..34030567abc 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/apache/seata/server/config/ServerConfig.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/apache/seata/server/config/ServerConfig.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
  */
 package org.apache.seata.server.config;
 
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerProperties;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@
 @Configuration
 public class ServerConfig {
     @Bean
+    @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.main.web-application-type", havingValue = "none", matchIfMissing = true)
     public ServerProperties emptyServerProperties() {
         return new ServerProperties();
     }
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/apache/seata/server/controller/ClusterController.java b/server/src/main/java/org/apache/seata/server/controller/ClusterController.java
index b3f124bebc3..13c4a74c46f 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/apache/seata/server/controller/ClusterController.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/apache/seata/server/controller/ClusterController.java
@@ -20,19 +20,19 @@
 import com.alipay.sofa.jraft.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.seata.common.metadata.MetadataResponse;
 import org.apache.seata.common.result.Result;
-import org.apache.seata.common.rpc.http.HttpContext;
 import org.apache.seata.server.cluster.manager.ClusterWatcherManager;
 import org.apache.seata.server.cluster.raft.RaftServerManager;
-import org.apache.seata.server.cluster.watch.Watcher;
+import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
+import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
-import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
 import javax.annotation.Resource;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
 @RestController
 @RequestMapping("/metadata/v1")
@@ -63,14 +63,23 @@ public MetadataResponse cluster(String group) {
     }
 
     @PostMapping("/watch")
-    public void watch(
-            HttpContext context,
-            @RequestBody Map<String, Object> groupTerms,
-            @RequestParam(defaultValue = "28000") Integer timeout) {
-        context.setAsync(true);
-        groupTerms.forEach((group, term) -> {
-            Watcher<HttpContext> watcher = new Watcher<>(group, context, timeout, Long.parseLong(String.valueOf(term)));
-            clusterWatcherManager.registryWatcher(watcher);
-        });
+    public ResponseEntity<Void> watch(
+            @RequestParam Map<String, String> groupTerms, @RequestParam(defaultValue = "28000") Integer timeout)
+            throws InterruptedException {
+        long deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + timeout;
+        while (System.currentTimeMillis() < deadline) {
+            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : groupTerms.entrySet()) {
+                if ("timeout".equals(entry.getKey())) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                long clientTerm = Long.parseLong(entry.getValue());
+                MetadataResponse metadataResponse = clusterWatcherManager.getMetadataResponse(entry.getKey());
+                if (metadataResponse.getTerm() > clientTerm) {
+                    return ResponseEntity.ok().build();
+                }
+            }
+            TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(200L);
+        }
+        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.NOT_MODIFIED).build();
     }
 }
diff --git a/test-suite/test-new-version/pom.xml b/test-suite/test-new-version/pom.xml
index d19007e030c..b85f102afba 100644
--- a/test-suite/test-new-version/pom.xml
+++ b/test-suite/test-new-version/pom.xml
@@ -109,6 +109,11 @@
             <artifactId>seata-rm-datasource</artifactId>
             <version>${project.version}</version>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+            <artifactId>seata-discovery-raft</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
             <artifactId>seata-saga-spring</artifactId>
@@ -207,4 +212,4 @@
     </dependencies>
 
 
-</project>
\ No newline at end of file
+</project>
diff --git a/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/ExternalRaftClusterIT.java b/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/ExternalRaftClusterIT.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c960e7661c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/ExternalRaftClusterIT.java
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.seata.integration.raft;
+
+import org.apache.seata.common.ConfigurationTestHelper;
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.BranchType;
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.GlobalStatus;
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.TransactionManager;
+import org.apache.seata.core.rpc.netty.RmNettyRemotingClient;
+import org.apache.seata.core.rpc.netty.TmNettyRemotingClient;
+import org.apache.seata.discovery.registry.RegistryFactory;
+import org.apache.seata.discovery.registry.RegistryService;
+import org.apache.seata.rm.DefaultResourceManager;
+import org.apache.seata.rm.RMClient;
+import org.apache.seata.tm.DefaultTransactionManager;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+class ExternalRaftClusterIT {
+
+    private static final String APPLICATION_ID = "raft-current-client";
+    private static final String TX_SERVICE_GROUP = "default_tx_group";
+    private static final String CLUSTER = "default";
+    private static final String METADATA_ADDRS_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_METADATA_ADDRS";
+    private static final String LEADER_ADDR_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_LEADER_ADDR";
+    private static final String LEADER_CONTROL_ADDR_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_LEADER_CONTROL_ADDR";
+    private static final String LEADER_TERM_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_TERM";
+    private static final String METADATA_MAX_AGE_KEY = "registry.raft.metadataMaxAgeMs";
+    private static final long CLIENT_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT_MS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(45);
+
+    private static TransactionManager transactionManager;
+    private static DefaultResourceManager resourceManager;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void setUp() {
+        String metadataAddresses = requiredEnv(METADATA_ADDRS_ENV);
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.putConfig("registry.type", "raft");
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.putConfig("registry.raft.serverAddr", metadataAddresses);
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.putConfig(METADATA_MAX_AGE_KEY, String.valueOf(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toMillis(2)));
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.putConfig("service.vgroupMapping." + TX_SERVICE_GROUP, CLUSTER);
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig("service.default.grouplist");
+
+        TmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP).init();
+        RMClient.init(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP);
+        transactionManager = new DefaultTransactionManager();
+        resourceManager = DefaultResourceManager.get();
+    }
+
+    @AfterAll
+    static void tearDown() {
+        try {
+            TmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance().destroy();
+        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
+        }
+        try {
+            RmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance().destroy();
+        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
+        }
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig("service.default.grouplist");
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig("service.vgroupMapping." + TX_SERVICE_GROUP);
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig(METADATA_MAX_AGE_KEY);
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig("registry.raft.serverAddr");
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig("registry.type");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldSupportCommitRollbackAndLeaderReelectionThroughRaftDiscovery() throws Exception {
+        assertTransactionRoundTrip("before-reelection");
+
+        String newLeaderAddress = RaftClusterFailoverHelper.forceLeaderReelection(
+                requiredEnv(LEADER_ADDR_ENV),
+                requiredEnv(LEADER_CONTROL_ADDR_ENV),
+                Long.parseLong(requiredEnv(LEADER_TERM_ENV)));
+        waitForClientLeaderSwitch(newLeaderAddress);
+
+        assertTransactionRoundTrip("after-reelection");
+    }
+
+    private static void assertTransactionRoundTrip(String phase) throws Exception {
+        String commitXid = transactionManager.begin(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP, phase + "-commit", 60000);
+        long commitBranchId = registerBranch(commitXid, phase + "-commit");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(commitBranchId > 0, "Branch registration should succeed for commit flow");
+        Assertions.assertEquals(GlobalStatus.Committed, transactionManager.commit(commitXid));
+
+        String rollbackXid = transactionManager.begin(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP, phase + "-rollback", 60000);
+        long rollbackBranchId = registerBranch(rollbackXid, phase + "-rollback");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(rollbackBranchId > 0, "Branch registration should succeed for rollback flow");
+        GlobalStatus rollbackStatus = transactionManager.rollback(rollbackXid);
+        Assertions.assertTrue(
+                rollbackStatus == GlobalStatus.Rollbacked || rollbackStatus == GlobalStatus.RollbackRetrying,
+                "Rollback should complete or enter retry state");
+    }
+
+    private static void waitForClientLeaderSwitch(String expectedLeaderAddress) throws Exception {
+        RegistryService<?> registryService = RegistryFactory.getInstance();
+        InetSocketAddress expectedLeader = toSocketAddress(expectedLeaderAddress);
+        long deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + CLIENT_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT_MS;
+        while (System.currentTimeMillis() < deadline) {
+            for (InetSocketAddress candidate : registryService.aliveLookup(TX_SERVICE_GROUP)) {
+                if (sameAddress(candidate, expectedLeader)) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            Thread.sleep(1000L);
+        }
+        Assertions.fail("Timed out waiting for raft registry metadata to switch to leader " + expectedLeaderAddress);
+    }
+
+    private static long registerBranch(String xid, String phase) throws Exception {
+        String suffix = phase + '-' + UUID.randomUUID();
+        return resourceManager.branchRegister(
+                BranchType.AT, "raft-discovery-resource-" + suffix, APPLICATION_ID, xid, "raft_table:" + suffix, "{}");
+    }
+
+    private static InetSocketAddress toSocketAddress(String address) {
+        int separatorIndex = address.lastIndexOf(':');
+        Assertions.assertTrue(separatorIndex > 0, "Invalid raft address: " + address);
+        return new InetSocketAddress(
+                address.substring(0, separatorIndex), Integer.parseInt(address.substring(separatorIndex + 1)));
+    }
+
+    private static boolean sameAddress(InetSocketAddress actual, InetSocketAddress expected) {
+        return actual != null
+                && expected != null
+                && actual.getPort() == expected.getPort()
+                && actual.getHostString().equals(expected.getHostString());
+    }
+
+    private static String requiredEnv(String name) {
+        String value = System.getenv(name);
+        Assertions.assertNotNull(value, name + " must be provided");
+        Assertions.assertFalse(value.trim().isEmpty(), name + " must not be blank");
+        return value.trim();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/PreviousServerCurrentClientCompatibilityIT.java b/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/PreviousServerCurrentClientCompatibilityIT.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f5746f39c49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/PreviousServerCurrentClientCompatibilityIT.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.seata.integration.raft;
+
+import org.apache.seata.common.ConfigurationTestHelper;
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.BranchType;
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.GlobalStatus;
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.TransactionManager;
+import org.apache.seata.core.rpc.netty.RmNettyRemotingClient;
+import org.apache.seata.core.rpc.netty.TmNettyRemotingClient;
+import org.apache.seata.rm.DefaultResourceManager;
+import org.apache.seata.rm.RMClient;
+import org.apache.seata.tm.DefaultTransactionManager;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+class PreviousServerCurrentClientCompatibilityIT {
+
+    private static final String APPLICATION_ID = "raft-current-client";
+    private static final String TX_SERVICE_GROUP = "default_tx_group";
+    private static final String CLUSTER = "default";
+    private static final String TX_ADDRS_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_TX_ADDRS";
+
+    private static TransactionManager transactionManager;
+    private static DefaultResourceManager resourceManager;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void setUp() {
+        String txAddresses = requiredEnv(TX_ADDRS_ENV).replace(',', ';');
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.putConfig("registry.type", "file");
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.putConfig("service.vgroupMapping." + TX_SERVICE_GROUP, CLUSTER);
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.putConfig("service.default.grouplist", txAddresses);
+
+        TmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP).init();
+        RMClient.init(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP);
+        transactionManager = new DefaultTransactionManager();
+        resourceManager = DefaultResourceManager.get();
+    }
+
+    @AfterAll
+    static void tearDown() {
+        try {
+            TmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance().destroy();
+        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
+        }
+        try {
+            RmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance().destroy();
+        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
+        }
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig("service.default.grouplist");
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig("service.vgroupMapping." + TX_SERVICE_GROUP);
+        ConfigurationTestHelper.removeConfig("registry.type");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldSupportCommitAndRollbackAgainstPreviousRaftCluster() throws Exception {
+        assertTransactionRoundTrip("previous-server");
+    }
+
+    private static void assertTransactionRoundTrip(String phase) throws Exception {
+        String commitXid = transactionManager.begin(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP, phase + "-commit", 60000);
+        long commitBranchId = registerBranch(commitXid, phase + "-commit");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(commitBranchId > 0, "Branch registration should succeed for commit flow");
+        Assertions.assertEquals(GlobalStatus.Committed, transactionManager.commit(commitXid));
+
+        String rollbackXid = transactionManager.begin(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP, phase + "-rollback", 60000);
+        long rollbackBranchId = registerBranch(rollbackXid, phase + "-rollback");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(rollbackBranchId > 0, "Branch registration should succeed for rollback flow");
+        GlobalStatus rollbackStatus = transactionManager.rollback(rollbackXid);
+        Assertions.assertTrue(
+                rollbackStatus == GlobalStatus.Rollbacked || rollbackStatus == GlobalStatus.RollbackRetrying,
+                "Rollback should complete or enter retry state");
+    }
+
+    private static long registerBranch(String xid, String phase) throws Exception {
+        String suffix = phase + '-' + UUID.randomUUID();
+        return resourceManager.branchRegister(
+                BranchType.AT, "raft-discovery-resource-" + suffix, APPLICATION_ID, xid, "raft_table:" + suffix, "{}");
+    }
+
+    private static String requiredEnv(String name) {
+        String value = System.getenv(name);
+        Assertions.assertNotNull(value, name + " must be provided");
+        Assertions.assertFalse(value.trim().isEmpty(), name + " must not be blank");
+        return value.trim();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/RaftClusterFailoverHelper.java b/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/RaftClusterFailoverHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b6301309ee9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-suite/test-new-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/integration/raft/RaftClusterFailoverHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.seata.integration.raft;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import org.apache.seata.common.metadata.MetadataResponse;
+import org.apache.seata.common.metadata.Node;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+final class RaftClusterFailoverHelper {
+
+    private static final ObjectMapper OBJECT_MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();
+    private static final String GROUP_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_GROUP";
+    private static final String WORKSPACE_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_WORKSPACE";
+    private static final String METADATA_ADDRS_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_METADATA_ADDRS";
+    private static final int CONTROL_PORT_BASE = 7091;
+    private static final long FAILOVER_TIMEOUT_MS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(45);
+
+    private RaftClusterFailoverHelper() {}
+
+    static String forceLeaderReelection(String oldLeaderAddress, String oldLeaderControlAddress, long oldTerm)
+            throws Exception {
+        killLeader(readLeaderPid(requiredEnv(WORKSPACE_ENV), oldLeaderControlAddress));
+        return waitForNewLeader(oldLeaderAddress, oldLeaderControlAddress, oldTerm);
+    }
+
+    private static long readLeaderPid(String workspace, String leaderControlAddress) throws IOException {
+        int controlPort = Integer.parseInt(leaderControlAddress.substring(leaderControlAddress.lastIndexOf(':') + 1));
+        int nodeIndex = controlPort - CONTROL_PORT_BASE + 1;
+        Assertions.assertTrue(nodeIndex >= 1 && nodeIndex <= 3, "Unsupported raft control port: " + controlPort);
+        File pidFile = new File(workspace, "node-" + nodeIndex + "/pid");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(pidFile.isFile(), "Missing raft node pid file: " + pidFile.getAbsolutePath());
+        List<String> pidLines = Files.readAllLines(pidFile.toPath(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        Assertions.assertFalse(pidLines.isEmpty(), "Empty raft node pid file: " + pidFile.getAbsolutePath());
+        return Long.parseLong(pidLines.get(0).trim());
+    }
+
+    private static void killLeader(long pid) throws Exception {
+        Process kill = new ProcessBuilder("kill", "-9", String.valueOf(pid)).start();
+        int exitCode = kill.waitFor();
+        Assertions.assertEquals(0, exitCode, "Failed to kill raft leader pid " + pid);
+    }
+
+    private static String waitForNewLeader(String oldLeaderAddress, String oldLeaderControlAddress, long oldTerm)
+            throws Exception {
+        long deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + FAILOVER_TIMEOUT_MS;
+        MetadataResponse lastResponse = null;
+        while (System.currentTimeMillis() < deadline) {
+            for (String metadataAddress : requiredEnv(METADATA_ADDRS_ENV).split(",")) {
+                MetadataResponse response = fetchMetadata(metadataAddress.trim(), requiredEnv(GROUP_ENV));
+                if (response == null) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                lastResponse = response;
+                Node leader = response.getNodes() == null
+                        ? null
+                        : response.getNodes().stream()
+                                .filter(node -> "LEADER".equalsIgnoreCase(String.valueOf(node.getRole())))
+                                .findFirst()
+                                .orElse(null);
+                if (leader == null || response.getTerm() <= oldTerm) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                String leaderAddress = leader.getTransaction().getHost() + ":"
+                        + leader.getTransaction().getPort();
+                String leaderControlAddress = leader.getControl().getHost() + ":"
+                        + leader.getControl().getPort();
+                if (!oldLeaderAddress.equals(leaderAddress) && !oldLeaderControlAddress.equals(leaderControlAddress)) {
+                    return leaderAddress;
+                }
+            }
+            Thread.sleep(1000L);
+        }
+        Assertions.fail("Timed out waiting for raft leader re-election, last metadata: " + lastResponse);
+        return oldLeaderAddress;
+    }
+
+    private static MetadataResponse fetchMetadata(String metadataAddress, String group) throws Exception {
+        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
+        try {
+            URL url = new URL("http://" + metadataAddress + "/metadata/v1/cluster?group=" + group);
+            connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
+            connection.setConnectTimeout(2000);
+            connection.setReadTimeout(2000);
+            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
+            if (connection.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            return OBJECT_MAPPER.readValue(connection.getInputStream(), MetadataResponse.class);
+        } catch (IOException ignored) {
+            return null;
+        } finally {
+            if (connection != null) {
+                connection.disconnect();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String requiredEnv(String name) {
+        String value = System.getenv(name);
+        Assertions.assertNotNull(value, name + " must be provided");
+        Assertions.assertFalse(value.trim().isEmpty(), name + " must not be blank");
+        return value.trim();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test-suite/test-previous-version/pom.xml b/test-suite/test-previous-version/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9ed33d0dfe7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-suite/test-previous-version/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+
+    Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+    contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+    this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+    The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+    (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+    the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+    limitations under the License.
+
+-->
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>org.apache.seata</groupId>
+        <artifactId>seata-parent</artifactId>
+        <version>${revision}</version>
+        <relativePath>../../pom.xml</relativePath>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <artifactId>seata-test-previous-version</artifactId>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+    <name>seata-test-previous-version</name>
+    <description>test for Seata previous stable 2.x client compatibility</description>
+
+    <properties>
+        <seata.previous.version>2.6.0</seata.previous.version>
+    </properties>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
+                <configuration>
+                    <skip>true</skip>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.seata</groupId>
+            <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
+            <version>${seata.previous.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.seata</groupId>
+            <artifactId>seata-tm</artifactId>
+            <version>${seata.previous.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.seata</groupId>
+            <artifactId>seata-rm</artifactId>
+            <version>${seata.previous.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+</project>
diff --git a/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/compatibility/raft/LegacyConfigurationHelper.java b/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/compatibility/raft/LegacyConfigurationHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2f38291ecee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/compatibility/raft/LegacyConfigurationHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.seata.compatibility.raft;
+
+import org.apache.seata.config.ConfigurationFactory;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+final class LegacyConfigurationHelper {
+
+    private LegacyConfigurationHelper() {}
+
+    static void put(String key, String value) {
+        if (value == null) {
+            System.clearProperty(key);
+        } else {
+            System.setProperty(key, value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void clear(String key) {
+        System.clearProperty(key);
+    }
+
+    static void reload() {
+        try {
+            Method method = ConfigurationFactory.class.getDeclaredMethod("reload");
+            method.setAccessible(true);
+            method.invoke(null);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to reload seata configuration", e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/compatibility/raft/PreviousVersionRaftCompatibilityIT.java b/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/compatibility/raft/PreviousVersionRaftCompatibilityIT.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6048514cdd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/java/org/apache/seata/compatibility/raft/PreviousVersionRaftCompatibilityIT.java
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.seata.compatibility.raft;
+
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.BranchType;
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.GlobalStatus;
+import org.apache.seata.core.model.TransactionManager;
+import org.apache.seata.core.rpc.netty.RmNettyRemotingClient;
+import org.apache.seata.core.rpc.netty.TmNettyRemotingClient;
+import org.apache.seata.rm.DefaultResourceManager;
+import org.apache.seata.rm.RMClient;
+import org.apache.seata.tm.DefaultTransactionManager;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+class PreviousVersionRaftCompatibilityIT {
+
+    private static final String APPLICATION_ID = "raft-previous-client";
+    private static final String TX_SERVICE_GROUP = "default_tx_group";
+    private static final String CLUSTER = "default";
+    private static final String LEADER_ADDRESS_ENV = "SEATA_RAFT_LEADER_ADDR";
+
+    private static TransactionManager transactionManager;
+    private static DefaultResourceManager resourceManager;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    static void setUp() {
+        String leaderAddress = requiredEnv(LEADER_ADDRESS_ENV);
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.put("config.type", "file");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.put("config.file.name", "file.conf");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.put("registry.type", "file");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.put("registry.file.name", "file.conf");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.put("service.vgroupMapping." + TX_SERVICE_GROUP, CLUSTER);
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.put("service.vgroup_mapping." + TX_SERVICE_GROUP, CLUSTER);
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.put("service." + CLUSTER + ".grouplist", leaderAddress);
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.put("service.default.grouplist", leaderAddress);
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.reload();
+
+        TmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP).init();
+        RMClient.init(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP);
+        transactionManager = new DefaultTransactionManager();
+        resourceManager = DefaultResourceManager.get();
+    }
+
+    @AfterAll
+    static void tearDown() {
+        try {
+            TmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance().destroy();
+        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
+        }
+        try {
+            RmNettyRemotingClient.getInstance().destroy();
+        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
+        }
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.clear("service.default.grouplist");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.clear("service." + CLUSTER + ".grouplist");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.clear("service.vgroup_mapping." + TX_SERVICE_GROUP);
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.clear("service.vgroupMapping." + TX_SERVICE_GROUP);
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.clear("registry.file.name");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.clear("registry.type");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.clear("config.file.name");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.clear("config.type");
+        LegacyConfigurationHelper.reload();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldSupportCommitAndRollbackAgainstCurrentRaftLeader() throws Exception {
+        String commitXid = transactionManager.begin(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP, "previous-client-commit", 60000);
+        long commitBranchId = registerBranch(commitXid, "commit");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(commitBranchId > 0, "Branch registration should succeed for commit flow");
+        Assertions.assertEquals(GlobalStatus.Committed, transactionManager.commit(commitXid));
+
+        String rollbackXid =
+                transactionManager.begin(APPLICATION_ID, TX_SERVICE_GROUP, "previous-client-rollback", 60000);
+        long rollbackBranchId = registerBranch(rollbackXid, "rollback");
+        Assertions.assertTrue(rollbackBranchId > 0, "Branch registration should succeed for rollback flow");
+        GlobalStatus rollbackStatus = transactionManager.rollback(rollbackXid);
+        Assertions.assertTrue(
+                rollbackStatus == GlobalStatus.Rollbacked || rollbackStatus == GlobalStatus.RollbackRetrying,
+                "Rollback should complete or enter retry state");
+    }
+
+    private static long registerBranch(String xid, String phase) throws Exception {
+        String suffix = phase + '-' + UUID.randomUUID();
+        return resourceManager.branchRegister(
+                BranchType.AT,
+                "raft-compatibility-resource-" + suffix,
+                APPLICATION_ID,
+                xid,
+                "raft_table:" + suffix,
+                "{}");
+    }
+
+    private static String requiredEnv(String name) {
+        String value = System.getenv(name);
+        Assertions.assertNotNull(value, name + " must be provided");
+        Assertions.assertFalse(value.trim().isEmpty(), name + " must not be blank");
+        return value.trim();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/resources/file.conf b/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/resources/file.conf
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..faabc34d384
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-suite/test-previous-version/src/test/resources/file.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+transport {
+  type = "TCP"
+  server = "NIO"
+  heartbeat = true
+  enableTmClientBatchSendRequest = false
+  enableRmClientBatchSendRequest = false
+}
+
+service {
+  vgroupMapping.default_tx_group = "default"
+  default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
+  disableGlobalTransaction = false
+}