[GH-2441] Fix failed example project build

[jiayuasu]

Did you read the Contributor Guide?

• Yes, I have read the Contributor Rules and Contributor Development Guide

Is this PR related to a ticket?

• Yes, and the PR name follows the format [GH-XXX] my subject. Closes Example project build error #2441

What changes were proposed in this PR?

• Upgraded Spark (4.0.1), Sedona (1.8.0), Hadoop (3.4.2), Scala (2.13), GeoTools, and JUnit across the example projects.
• Updated the Maven Shade Plugin and added the main class to the manifest.
• Added JDK 17+ JVM args in both Maven config and GitHub Actions for module-access compatibility.
• Improved CI to test multiple Spark versions, switched to Java 17, and adjusted build steps for dynamic Sedona versions and correct example jar execution.
• Added exec-maven-plugin and maven-surefire-plugin for better run/test handling.
• Synchronized Sedona dependency version with the example project version.

How was this patch tested?

Passed local tests

Did this PR include necessary documentation updates?

• No, this PR does not affect any public API so no need to change the documentation.