Add Lowpass filter to utilities + simple CI

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - master
+  pull_request:
+
+jobs:
+  rust:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install stable toolchain
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+        with:
+          components: rustfmt
+
+      - name: Cache cargo artifacts
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+
+      - name: Check formatting
+        run: cargo fmt --all --check
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cargo check --workspace --all-targets
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: cargo test --workspace --all-targets

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 .idea/
 target/
-
+Cargo.lock

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 [workspace]
 members = ["utilities"]
-resolver = "2"
+resolver = "2"
+
+[workspace.dependencies]
+serde = { version = "1.0.228", features = ["derive"] }

utilities/Cargo.toml

@@ -3,4 +3,5 @@ name = "utilities"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
-[dependencies]
+[dependencies]
+serde = { workspace = true }

utilities/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pub mod lowpass;

utilities/src/lowpass.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+//! Lowpass filter.
+//!
+//! This module provides a simple first-order lowpass filter (alpha filter)
+//! with constructors based on either a cutoff frequency or a direct alpha
+//! coefficient.
+//!
+//! # Examples
+//!
+//! ```rust
+//! use utilities::lowpass::LowPassFilter;
+//!
+//! // 5 Hz cutoff, 100 Hz sample rate.
+//! let mut filter = LowPassFilter::from_frequency(5.0, 100.0);
+//!
+//! let y0 = filter.update(1.0);
+//! let y1 = filter.update(1.0);
+//!
+//! assert!(y1 >= y0);
+//! assert!(y1 <= 1.0);
+//! ```
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+/// First order lowpass filter, "alpha filter"
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct LowPassFilter {
+    /// Filter coefficient, 0 -> no update, 1 -> passthrough
+    alpha: f64,
+    /// Current filtered state
+    value: f64,
+}
+
+impl LowPassFilter {
+    /// Create a lowpass filter from cutoff frequency and sample rate
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn from_frequency(cutoff_hz: f64, sample_rate: f64) -> Self {
+        // Reject invalid or effectively-zero parameters
+        if sample_rate < 1e-9 || cutoff_hz < 1e-9 {
+            return Self::from_alpha(0.0);
+        }
+
+        let dt = 1.0 / sample_rate;
+        let rc = 1.0 / (2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI * cutoff_hz);
+        let alpha = dt / (rc + dt);
+
+        let clamped_alpha = alpha.clamp(0.0, 1.0);
+        Self {
+            alpha: clamped_alpha,
+            value: 0.0,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Create a lowpass filter from alpha coefficient
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn from_alpha(filter_alpha: f64) -> Self {
+        let clamped_alpha = filter_alpha.clamp(0.0, 1.0);
+        Self {
+            alpha: clamped_alpha,
+            value: 0.0,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Update lowpass with a new sample
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn update(&mut self, input: f64) -> f64 {
+        let new_value = self.value * (1.0 - self.alpha) + self.alpha * input;
+        self.value = new_value;
+        self.value
+    }
+
+    /// Get the current filtered value
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn value(&self) -> f64 {
+        self.value
+    }
+
+    /// Get alpha coefficient
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn alpha(&self) -> f64 {
+        self.alpha
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    const KINDA_SMALL_NUMBER: f64 = 1e-4;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn convergence_test() {
+        let mut filter = LowPassFilter::from_alpha(0.1);
+        for _ in 0..1000 {
+            filter.update(3.0);
+        }
+        // Should converge near 3.0
+
+        assert!((filter.value() - 3.0).abs() < KINDA_SMALL_NUMBER);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn alpha_edge_cases() {
+        let mut f = LowPassFilter::from_alpha(0.0);
+        assert_eq!(f.update(10.0), 0.0); // no change
+
+        let mut f = LowPassFilter::from_alpha(1.0);
+        assert_eq!(f.update(10.0), 10.0); // passthrough
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn from_frequency_computes_alpha() {
+        let cutoff_hz = 5.0;
+        let sample_rate = 100.0;
+        let filter = LowPassFilter::from_frequency(cutoff_hz, sample_rate);
+
+        let dt = 1.0 / sample_rate;
+        let rc = 1.0 / (2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI * cutoff_hz);
+        let expected_alpha = dt / (rc + dt);
+
+        assert!((filter.alpha() - expected_alpha).abs() < KINDA_SMALL_NUMBER);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn from_frequency_clamps_alpha_for_edge_cases() {
+        let cases = [(0.0, 100.0), (-10.0, 100.0), (10.0, 0.0), (10.0, -100.0)];
+
+        for (cutoff_hz, sample_rate) in cases {
+            let filter = LowPassFilter::from_frequency(cutoff_hz, sample_rate);
+            let alpha = filter.alpha();
+            assert!(
+                (0.0..=1.0).contains(&alpha),
+                "alpha out of range for cutoff {cutoff_hz}, sample_rate {sample_rate}"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn from_frequency_monotonic_in_cutoff() {
+        let sample_rate = 100.0;
+        let low = LowPassFilter::from_frequency(1.0, sample_rate);
+        let high = LowPassFilter::from_frequency(10.0, sample_rate);
+        assert!(high.alpha() > low.alpha());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn step_response_moves_toward_input_without_overshoot() {
+        let mut filter = LowPassFilter::from_alpha(0.25);
+        let mut last = filter.value();
+        for _ in 0..50 {
+            let value = filter.update(1.0);
+            assert!(value >= last, "response should be non-decreasing");
+            assert!(value <= 1.0, "response should not overshoot input");
+            last = value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn from_frequency_extremes_approximate_alpha_bounds() {
+        let sample_rate = 100.0;
+        let near_zero = LowPassFilter::from_frequency(1e-9, sample_rate);
+        let near_one = LowPassFilter::from_frequency(1e9, sample_rate);
+
+        assert!(near_zero.alpha() < KINDA_SMALL_NUMBER);
+        assert!((1.0 - near_one.alpha()) < KINDA_SMALL_NUMBER);
+    }
+}