From ceb058658fb22f6189c96074f4ac62ae1d37f007 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mohammad Salameh <devmohammadsalameh@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 8 Jan 2026 16:34:25 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] fix(native_dio_adapter): gracefully fall back when Cronet
 unavailable

  Fixes #2444

  When Google Play Services is unavailable, CronetEngine initialization
  throws a JniException. This change catches the exception and falls
  back to the standard HttpClientAdapter using dart:io.

  Also adds an optional onCronetUnavailable callback for developers
  who want to be notified when the fallback occurs.
---
 plugins/native_dio_adapter/CHANGELOG.md        |  2 ++
 .../lib/src/native_adapter.dart                | 18 +++++++++++++++---
 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/plugins/native_dio_adapter/CHANGELOG.md b/plugins/native_dio_adapter/CHANGELOG.md
index 6a2fd8e5a..7ac26c578 100644
--- a/plugins/native_dio_adapter/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/plugins/native_dio_adapter/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 - Support request cancellation for native HTTP clients via use of `AbortableRequest` (introduced in http package from version 1.5.0)
 - Add timeout handling for `sendTimeout`, `connectTimeout`, and `receiveTimeout` in `ConversionLayerAdapter`
+- Gracefully fall back to `HttpClientAdapter` when Cronet is unavailable on Android (e.g., devices without Google Play Services)
+- Add `onCronetUnavailable` callback to `NativeAdapter` for notification when fallback occurs
 
 ## 1.5.0
 
diff --git a/plugins/native_dio_adapter/lib/src/native_adapter.dart b/plugins/native_dio_adapter/lib/src/native_adapter.dart
index 3ff8527f1..3649f6ae4 100644
--- a/plugins/native_dio_adapter/lib/src/native_adapter.dart
+++ b/plugins/native_dio_adapter/lib/src/native_adapter.dart
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ import 'cupertino_adapter.dart';
 ///
 /// On Android this uses [cronet_http](https://pub.dev/packages/cronet_http) to
 /// make HTTP requests.
+///
+/// If Cronet is unavailable (e.g., Google Play Services not installed),
+/// falls back to the default [HttpClientAdapter] using dart:io.
 class NativeAdapter implements HttpClientAdapter {
   NativeAdapter({
     CronetEngine Function()? createCronetEngine,
@@ -32,11 +35,20 @@ class NativeAdapter implements HttpClientAdapter {
       'This will be removed in v2.0.0',
     )
     URLSessionConfiguration? cupertinoConfiguration,
+    void Function(Object error)? onCronetUnavailable,
   }) {
     if (Platform.isAndroid) {
-      _adapter = CronetAdapter(
-        createCronetEngine?.call() ?? androidCronetEngine,
-      );
+      try {
+        _adapter = CronetAdapter(
+          createCronetEngine?.call() ?? androidCronetEngine,
+        );
+      } catch (e) {
+        // Cronet requires Google Play Services. Fall back to dart:io
+        // HttpClient when unavailable (e.g., on emulators without Google APIs
+        // or devices without Google Play Services).
+        onCronetUnavailable?.call(e);
+        _adapter = HttpClientAdapter();
+      }
     } else if (Platform.isIOS || Platform.isMacOS) {
       _adapter = CupertinoAdapter(
         createCupertinoConfiguration?.call() ??