Derive iOS inspector URL scheme from bundle URL for HTTPS support (facebook#55871)

Summary:

## Summary:

Use the bundle URL's scheme (http or https) when constructing inspector device
URLs and open-debugger URLs in `RCTInspectorDevServerHelper`, instead of
hardcoding `http://`. This allows the inspector and debugger to work correctly
when the dev server is accessed over HTTPS.

## Changelog:

[IOS][CHANGED] - Derive inspector and debugger URL scheme from bundle URL to support HTTPS dev servers

## Test Plan:

Verified that `getInspectorDeviceUrl` and `openDebugger` now use the bundle
URL's scheme, falling back to `http` when no scheme is available.

## Facebook:
Applied from nest/mobile/apps/atod-sample/patches/react-native+0.83.1+007+atod-ios-inspector-https.patch

Reviewed By: cortinico

Differential Revision: D95037969

Author: cipolleschi

packages/react-native/React/DevSupport/RCTInspectorDevServerHelper.mm

@@ -112,13 +112,15 @@
   NSString *escapedInspectorDeviceId = [getInspectorDeviceId()
       stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:NSCharacterSet.URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet];
 
-  return [NSURL
-      URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://%@/inspector/device?name=%@&app=%@&device=%@&profiling=%@",
-                                               getServerHost(bundleURL),
-                                               escapedDeviceName,
-                                               escapedAppName,
-                                               escapedInspectorDeviceId,
-                                               isProfilingBuild ? @"true" : @"false"]];
+  NSString *scheme = [bundleURL scheme] != nullptr ? [bundleURL scheme] : @"http";
+  return
+      [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@://%@/inspector/device?name=%@&app=%@&device=%@&profiling=%@",
+                                                      scheme,
+                                                      getServerHost(bundleURL),
+                                                      escapedDeviceName,
+                                                      escapedAppName,
+                                                      escapedInspectorDeviceId,
+                                                      isProfilingBuild ? @"true" : @"false"]];
 }
 
 @implementation RCTInspectorDevServerHelper
@@ -150,7 +152,9 @@ + (void)openDebugger:(NSURL *)bundleURL withErrorMessage:(NSString *)errorMessag
   NSString *escapedInspectorDeviceId = [getInspectorDeviceId()
       stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:NSCharacterSet.URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet];
 
-  NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://%@/open-debugger?device=%@",
+  NSString *scheme = [bundleURL scheme] != nullptr ? [bundleURL scheme] : @"http";
+  NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@://%@/open-debugger?device=%@",
+                                                               scheme,
                                                                getServerHost(bundleURL),
                                                                escapedInspectorDeviceId]];
   NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];