Modernize Chapter_03 snippets

Author: ckormanyos

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_01-001_declare_locals.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2018.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -11,21 +11,21 @@
 
 void initialize() { std::cout << "initialization" << std::endl; }
 
-void use_i(const int i) { std::cout << "i = " << i << std::endl; }
-void use_j(const int j) { std::cout << "j = " << j << std::endl; }
-void use_k(const int k) { std::cout << "k = " << k << std::endl; }
+auto use_i(const int i) -> void { std::cout << "i = " << i << std::endl; }
+auto use_j(const int j) -> void { std::cout << "j = " << j << std::endl; }
+auto use_k(const int k) -> void { std::cout << "k = " << k << std::endl; }
 
-void do_something()
+auto do_something() -> void
 {
   // Initialize someting.
   initialize();
 
   // Declare i when using it in use_i().
-  const int i = 3;
+  const int i { 3 };
   use_i(i);
 
   // Declare j when using it in use_j().
-  const int j = 7;
+  const int j { 7 };
   use_j(j);
 
   // Declare k in the scope of the for-loop.
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ void do_something()
   }
 }
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   do_something();
 }

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_02-001_fixed_size_integer.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2018.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
 #include <iostream>
 
 // This has *exactly* 16-bits signed.
-constexpr std::int16_t value16 = INT16_C(0x7FFF);
+constexpr std::int16_t value16 { INT16_C(0x7FFF) };
 
 // This has *at least* 32-bits unsigned.
-constexpr std::uint_least32_t value32 =
-  UINT32_C(4'294'967'295);
+constexpr std::uint_least32_t value32
+  { UINT32_C(4'294'967'295) };
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   std::cout << std::hex << std::showbase << value16 << std::endl;
 

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_02-002_prime_number.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2023.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 // Types like uint32_t and macros such as UINT32_C() are portable.
 // See also https://godbolt.org/z/3c38v3EY5
 
-constexpr auto prime_664999 = static_cast<std::uint32_t>(UINT32_C(10'006'721));
+constexpr std::uint32_t prime_664999 { UINT32_C(10'006'721) };
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   std::cout << prime_664999 << std::endl;
 }

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_02-002a_explore_prime_numbers.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2023.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace
 {
   template<typename unsigned_integral_type = std::uint32_t,
            const unsigned_integral_type maximum_value = static_cast<std::uint32_t>(UINT32_C(10006730))>
-  void compute_primes_via_sieve(std::vector<unsigned_integral_type>& primes)
+  auto compute_primes_via_sieve(std::vector<unsigned_integral_type>& primes) -> void
   {
     // Use a sieve algorithm to generate
     // a uint8 table of primes.
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ namespace
   }
 }
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   using unsigned_integral_prime_type = std::uint32_t;
 

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_03-001_bool_type.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2018.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -10,15 +10,15 @@
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <iostream>
 
-bool valid() { return true; }
-bool login() { return true; }
+auto valid() -> bool { return true; }
+auto login() -> bool { return true; }
 
-void start_session() { }
+auto start_session() -> void { }
 
-void do_something()
+auto do_something() -> void
 {
   // This Boolean test yields true or false.
-  const bool session_is_ok = (valid() && login());
+  const bool session_is_ok { valid() && login() };
 
   // This tests if (session_is_ok == true).
   if(session_is_ok)
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ void do_something()
   }
 }
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   do_something();
 }

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_04-001_namespaces.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2018.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -14,34 +14,34 @@
 namespace mcal
 {
   // The mcal initialization.
-  void init();
+  auto init() -> void;
 
   // The general purpose timer stuff in the mcal.
   namespace gpt
   {
-    void init() { std::cout << "in gpt::init()" << std::endl; }
+    auto init() void { std::cout << "in gpt::init()" << std::endl; }
 
-    std::uint32_t get_time_elapsed() { return UINT32_C(0); }
+    auto get_time_elapsed() -> std::uint32_t { return UINT32_C(0); }
   }
 
   // The ADC stuff in the mcal.
   namespace adc
   {
-    void init() { std::cout << "in adc::init()" << std::endl; }
+    auto init() -> void { std::cout << "in adc::init()" << std::endl; }
 
-    std::uint16_t read_value(const unsigned) { return UINT16_C(0); }
+    auto read_value(const unsigned) -> std::uint16_t { return UINT16_C(0); }
   }
 }
 
 // Initialize the mcal.
 // Note the clean organization with namespaces.
-void mcal::init()
+auto mcal::init() -> void
 {
   mcal::gpt::init();
   mcal::adc::init();
 }
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   mcal::init();
 }

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_04-002_anonymous_namespace.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2018.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace
   unsigned local_counter;
 }
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   ++local_counter;
 

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_04-003_nested_namespace.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2018.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@
 // A nested namespace definition.
 namespace X::Y::Z
 {
-  int value;
+  int value { };
 }
 
-void do_something()
+auto do_something() -> void
 {
   X::Y::Z::value = 1;
 }
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   do_something();
 

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_05-001_basic_classes.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2018.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -14,15 +14,15 @@
 class point
 {
 public:
-  std::uint8_t my_x;
-  std::uint8_t my_y;
+  std::uint8_t my_x { };
+  std::uint8_t my_y { };
 
   point(const std::uint8_t x = UINT8_C(0),
         const std::uint8_t y = UINT8_C(0)) : my_x(x),
                                              my_y(y)
   { }
 
-  std::uint16_t squared_euclidean_distance() const
+  auto squared_euclidean_distance() const -> std::uint16_t
   {
     // Squared Euclidean distance from the origin.
     const std::uint16_t x2(std::uint16_t(my_x) * my_x);
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class point
   }
 };
 
-point p1;
+point p1 { };
 
 point p2
 {
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ point p2
 };
 
 // The squared Euclidean distance d1 is 0.
-std::uint16_t d1 = p1.squared_euclidean_distance();
+std::uint16_t d1 { p1.squared_euclidean_distance() };
 
 // The squared Euclidean distance d2 is 3,170.
-std::uint16_t d2 = p2.squared_euclidean_distance();
+std::uint16_t d2 { p2.squared_euclidean_distance() };
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   std::cout << "d1 is " << d1 << std::endl;
   std::cout << "d2 is " << d2 << std::endl;

code_snippets/chapter03/chapter03_06-001_basic_templates_add.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2023.
+//  Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2017 - 2025.
 //  Distributed under the Boost Software License,
 //  Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
 //  or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
@@ -12,22 +12,22 @@
 #include <string>
 
 template<typename T>
-T add(const T& a, const T& b)
+constexpr auto add(const T& a, const T& b) -> T
 {
   return a + b;
 }
 
-const int   n = add(1, 2);
+constexpr int n { add(1, 2) };
 // n is 3.
 
-const float f = add(1.2F, 3.4F);
+constexpr float f { add(1.2F, 3.4F) };
 // f is 4.6.
 
-const std::string str = add(std::string("abc"),
-                            std::string("xyz"));
+const std::string str
+  { add(std::string("abc"), std::string("xyz")) };
 // str is "abcxyz".
 
-int main()
+auto main() -> int
 {
   std::cout << "int    addition result is " << n   << std::endl;
   std::cout << "float  addition result is " << f   << std::endl;