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<!-- Main Page Title -->
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<h1>Pay-As-You-Throw in Boston</h1>
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<pclass="intro-text">How might implementing a Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT) program impact the City of Boston? How do PAYT Programs compare in other Massachusetts municipalities?</p>
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<pclass="intro-text">How might implementing a Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT) program impact the City of Boston? How do PAYT Programs compare across other Massachusetts municipalities?</p>
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<divclass="squiggle" aria-hidden="true"></div>
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<!-- Section: Boston 2024 vs PAYT side-by-side -->
<pclass="block-description">to incinerate all household trash</p>
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<pclass="block-description">on incinerating all household trash</p>
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</div>
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<h4>Terminology</h4>
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<ulstyle="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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<li><strong>Tipping Fee:</strong> The cost per ton that municipalities pay to dispose of trash at incineration or landfill facilities. Boston's tipping fee is $103.38 per ton.</li>
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<li><strong>Municipal Solid Waste:</strong> Trash and recyclables collected through Boston's municipal waste management program.</li>
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<li><strong>Municipal Solid Waste:</strong> Trash collected through Boston's municipal waste management program.</li>
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<li><strong>Household:</strong> A residential unit participating in Boston's municipal trash program. 322,000 households participated in 2024.</li>
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<li><strong>Tonnage:</strong> The total weight of trash disposed, measured in tons. Boston disposed of 186,305 tons in 2024, which converts to 372,610,000 pounds.</li>
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<li><strong>Tonnage:</strong> The total weight of trash disposed by participating households, measured in tons. Boston disposed of 186,305 tons in 2024, which converts to 372,610,000 pounds.</li>
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<li><strong>Average Reduction:</strong> How much trash 5 cities reduced per household after 5 years with PAYT = 0.260 tons per household.</li>
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<li><strong>Percent Reduction:</strong> How much less trash households threw away = 44.95%.</li>
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<li><strong>Projected Reduction:</strong> How much trash Boston could reduce if it does as well as other cities = 83,629.87 tons over 5 years.</li>
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</ul>
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<pstyle="margin-top: 15px; font-size: 14px;">For more information on the methodology, visit the <ahref="method.html">Methodology Tab</a>.</p>
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<pstyle="margin-top: 15px; font-size: 14px;">For more information on the methodology, visit the <ahref="method.html">Methodology page</a>.</p>
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$12,837,475
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<divclass="asteric">* Statistic includes household and bulky waste for the City of Malden</div>
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<divclass="asteric">Statistic includes household and bulky waste for the City of Malden</div>
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$8,518,760
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<divclass="asteric">* Statistic includes household and bulky waste for the City of Malden</div>
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<divclass="asteric">Statistic includes household and bulky waste for the City of Malden</div>
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<divclass="footnote">Revenue projections are based on the City of Malden PAYT Revenue on PAYT Bag and Tag Sales for participating households only. The City of Malden is a densely populated municipality, with a smaller population size than the City of Boston. For more information on the methodology, visit the <ahref="method.html">Methodology Tab</a>.</div>
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<divclass="footnote">Revenue projections are based on the city of Malden's PAYT revenue from PAYT bag and tag sales for participating households only. The city of Malden is a densely populated municipality, with a smaller population size than the city of Boston. For more information on the methodology, visit the <ahref="method.html">Methodology page</a>.</div>
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<divclass="method-banner">
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<buttonclass="method-toggle" aria-expanded="false">What Are These Numbers? <spanclass="chev">▾</span></button>
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<ulstyle="margin-bottom: 20px;">
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<li><strong>Per-Household Revenue:</strong> How much money each household generates through PAYT bag and tag sales in Malden.</li>
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<li><strong>Revenue Source:</strong> The different ways cities earn money from PAYT, like bag sales or trash tag sales.</li>
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<li><strong>Scaling:</strong> Using Malden's money per household to estimate how much Boston could earn.</li>
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<li><strong>Scaling:</strong> Using Malden's revenue earned per household to estimate how much Boston could earn.</li>
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<li><strong>Illustrative:</strong> This is an example calculation, not a prediction of what will actually happen.</li>
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</ul>
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<pstyle="margin-top: 15px; font-size: 14px;">For more information on the methodology, visit the <ahref="method.html">Methodology Tab</a>.</p>
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<pstyle="margin-top: 15px; font-size: 14px;">For more information on the methodology, visit the <ahref="method.html">Methodology page</a>.</p>
<figcaption>Data Sourced: <ahref="https://www.mass.gov/lists/recycling-solid-waste-data-for-massachusetts-cities-towns" target="_blank">Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection's 2024 Municipal Solid Waste and Recycling Survey</a>, <ahref="https://dls-gw.dor.state.ma.us/reports/rdpage.aspx?rdreport=socioeconomic.population.population_main" target="_blank">Massachusetts Department of Revenue</a>, & <ahref="https://www.mass.gov/lists/pay-as-you-throw-payt" target="_blank">Massachusetts Municipal PAYT Programs</a></figcaption>
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<figcaption>Data Sources: <ahref="https://www.mass.gov/lists/recycling-solid-waste-data-for-massachusetts-cities-towns" target="_blank">Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection's 2024 Municipal Solid Waste and Recycling Survey</a>, <ahref="https://dls-gw.dor.state.ma.us/reports/rdpage.aspx?rdreport=socioeconomic.population.population_main" target="_blank">Massachusetts Department of Revenue</a>, & <ahref="https://www.mass.gov/lists/pay-as-you-throw-payt" target="_blank">Massachusetts Municipal PAYT Programs</a></figcaption>
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</figure>
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<li><strong>Parallel Trends:</strong> Comparing cities with similar amounts of data before and after PAYT to ensure fair comparison.</li>
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<li><strong>Tons Per Household:</strong> The average amount of trash one household threw away each year, calculated for each city.</li>
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</ul>
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<pstyle="margin-top: 15px; font-size: 14px;">For more information on the methodology, visit the <ahref="method.html">Methodology Tab</a>.</p>
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<pstyle="margin-top: 15px; font-size: 14px;">For more information on the methodology, visit the <ahref="method.html">Methodology page</a>.</p>
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<divclass="footnote">Interviews with officials from the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, the City of Boston's Zero Waste Initiative team, the University of New Hampshire, the City of Brockton, and the City of Malden have informed the analysis on this page. For work cited, see the <ahref="sources.html">Sources page</a>.</div>
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<divclass="footnote">Interviews with officials from the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, the City of Boston's Zero Waste Initiative team, the University of New Hampshire, the City of Brockton, and the City of Malden have informed the analysis on this page. For works cited, see the <ahref="sources.html">Sources page</a>.</div>
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