Skip to content

Commit 2b5352d

Browse files
committed
basic structure
1 parent fdf38db commit 2b5352d

File tree

16 files changed

+388
-0
lines changed

16 files changed

+388
-0
lines changed

.gitignore

Lines changed: 1 addition & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
1+
*.pdf

.gitmodules

Lines changed: 3 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
1+
[submodule "fonts"]
2+
path = fonts
3+
url = git@github.com:cppHusky/fonts-as-submodule.git

appendix.typ

Lines changed: 5 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
1+
#import "preset.typ":preset-appendix
2+
#show:preset-appendix
3+
= 积分常见结论
4+
== 基本积分表(请背)
5+
#include "appendix/common-knowledge.typ"

appendix/common-knowledge.typ

Lines changed: 4 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
1+
#import "../utils.typ":ee
2+
+ $integral x^a dif x=1/(a+1)x^(a+1)+C quad (a!=1)$
3+
+ $integral 1/x dif x=log abs(x)+C$
4+
+ $integral ee^x dif x=ee^x+C$

backcoverpage.typ

Lines changed: 9 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
1+
#pagebreak(weak:true,to:"even")
2+
#let backcoverpage={
3+
page(
4+
numbering:none,
5+
footer:none,
6+
align(center+horizon)[BACKCOVER]
7+
)
8+
}
9+
#backcoverpage

collection.typ

Lines changed: 28 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
1+
#import "utils.typ":question-id
2+
#import "preset.typ":preset-collection
3+
#show:preset-collection
4+
#align(center+horizon)[
5+
#set page(footer:none)
6+
= 题集篇
7+
#text(font:"LXGW WenKai")[
8+
简明扼要 包罗万象
9+
]
10+
]
11+
#pagebreak(weak:true,to:"odd")
12+
== 难度一
13+
#question-id.update(1000)
14+
#include "collection/level-1.typ"
15+
#pagebreak(weak:true,to:"odd")
16+
== 难度二
17+
#question-id.update(2000)
18+
#include "collection/level-2.typ"
19+
#pagebreak(weak:true,to:"odd")
20+
== 难度三
21+
#question-id.update(3000)
22+
#pagebreak(weak:true,to:"odd")
23+
== 难度四
24+
#question-id.update(4000)
25+
#pagebreak(weak:true,to:"odd")
26+
== 难度五
27+
#question-id.update(5000)
28+
#pagebreak(weak:true,to:"odd")

collection/level-1.typ

Lines changed: 66 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
1+
#import "../utils.typ":question,comment,subst,ref
2+
#import "../utils.typ":ee
3+
#question(
4+
tag:"(x+1)^3",
5+
category:red,
6+
question:$integral (x+1)^3 dif x$,
7+
answer:$
8+
integral (x+1)^3 dif x=&integral (x^3+3x^2+3x+1) dif x\
9+
=&integral x^3 dif x+3 integral x^2 dif x+3 integral x dif x+integral dif x\
10+
=&x^4/4+x^3+3/2 x^2+x+C
11+
$,
12+
)
13+
#comment[
14+
$(x^3+3x^2+3x+1)$这样的多项式分成若干个单项式加和的形式,是很自然的思路。
15+
]
16+
#question(
17+
tag:"(x+1)^3~",
18+
category:red,
19+
question:$integral (x+1)^3 dif x$,
20+
answer:[令#subst[$u=x+1$],则#subst[$x=u-1$],所以$
21+
integral (x+1)^3 dif x=integral u^3 dif (u-1)=integral u^3 dif u=u^4/4+C=(x+1)^4/4+C
22+
$],
23+
)
24+
#comment[
25+
读者倘若对#ref("(x+1)^3~")的结果进行二项式展开,就会发现$x^4/4+x^3+3/2x^2+x+1/4+C$#ref("(x+1)^3")的结果是不同的,它们之间差了一个$1/4$项。#parbreak()
26+
然而,这两个结果是等价的。因为不定积分的结果都自带任意常数$+C$,所以计算不定积分得到的其实是一组原函数。因而,彼此相差固定常数的结果可以都是正确答案。#parbreak()
27+
再举个例子,$log x+C$$log x/2+C$也是等价的,因为$log x/2=log x-log 2$
28+
]
29+
#question(
30+
tag:"csc^2(x+1)/2",
31+
category:red,
32+
question:$integral csc^2(x+1)/2 dif x$,
33+
answer:$
34+
integral csc^2(x+1)/2 dif x=&integral csc^2(x+1)/2 dif (x+1)\
35+
=&2 integral csc^2(x+1)/2 dif (x+1)/2\
36+
=&2 integral csc^2 u dif u,subst(u=(x+1)/2)\
37+
=&-2 cot u+C\
38+
=&-2 cot (x+1)/2+C
39+
$,
40+
)
41+
#question(
42+
tag:"xe^(-x^2)",
43+
category:red,
44+
question:$integral x ee^(-x^2) dif x$,
45+
answer:$
46+
integral x ee^(-x^2) dif x=1/2 integral ee^(-x^2) dif x^2=-1/2 integral ee^(-x^2) dif(-x^2)=-1/2 ee^(-x^2)+C
47+
$,
48+
)
49+
#comment[
50+
这两道题目是典型的凑微分问题。凑微分的方法一般会用在包含复合函数的积分问题中,比如#ref("xe^(-x^2)")当中的$ee^(-x^2)$就是一个典型的复合函数。换元的好处是把无关紧要的被复合部分抽象为一个简单的记号($u, v$或者别的),从而减少不必要的干扰,让我们更好地理解整个被积函数的结构。#parbreak()
51+
凑微分的思路也通常由复合函数的部分得来。在#ref("csc^2(x+1)/2")中被复合的部分是$(x+1)/2$,那么应当在其它地方都凑出$(x+1)/2$的结构,这样才能把$(x+1)/2$当作整体去参与积分运算。#parbreak()
52+
同理,#ref("xe^(-x^2)")当中被复合的部分是$-x^2$,那么应当在其它地方都凑出$-x^2$的结构,这样才能把$-x^2$当作整体去参与积分运算。于是凑微分的思路就是$x dif x=1/2 dif x^2=-1/2 dif(-x^2)$
53+
]
54+
#question(
55+
tag:"(1+cosx)/(x+sinx)",
56+
category:red,
57+
question:$integral (1+cos x)/(x+sin x)dif x$,
58+
answer:$
59+
integral (1+cos x)/(x+sin x)dif x
60+
=integral (dif(x+sin x))/(x+sin x)=log abs(x+sin x)+C
61+
$,
62+
)
63+
#comment[
64+
本题要比前面的情况更复杂一些。在这里,我们需要将分子当作一个整体去凑微分,而不是如同#ref("(x+1)^3")那样把分子分成两项。#parbreak()
65+
在更复杂的问题中,整体凑微分方法也通常与各色恒等变换相互结合(比如#ref("cot^2xtan((1+xtanx)/tanx)"))。
66+
]

collection/level-2.typ

Lines changed: 15 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
1+
#import "../utils.typ":question,comment,subst,ref
2+
#import "../utils.typ":ee
3+
#question(
4+
tag:"cot^2xtan((1+xtanx)/tanx)",
5+
category:blue,
6+
question:$integral cot^2 x tan((1+x tan x)/(tan x)) dif x$,
7+
answer:$
8+
integral cot^2 x tan((1+x tan x)/(tan x)) dif x=&integral(csc^2 x-1)tan(cot x+x) dif x\
9+
=&-integral tan(cot x+x) dif(cot x+x)\
10+
=&log abs(cos(x+cot x))+C
11+
$,
12+
)
13+
#comment[
14+
这题的难点在于$tan (1+x tan x)/(tan x)$。要处理这个复合函数,一方面要尽量想办法将其化简,另一方面应当尽可能从其它部分挖掘出能凑微分成$u=(1+x tan x)/(tan x)$的部分。
15+
]

coverpage.typ

Lines changed: 24 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
1+
#let coverpage={
2+
set text(
3+
font:(
4+
"Noto Sans CJK SC",
5+
"Noto Sans",
6+
)
7+
)
8+
page(
9+
align(center+horizon)[
10+
#text(
11+
size:40pt,
12+
weight:"medium",
13+
)[积分精选]
14+
#parbreak()
15+
#text(
16+
size:25pt,
17+
weight:"regular",
18+
fill:gray,
19+
)[重制版]
20+
]
21+
)
22+
}
23+
#coverpage
24+
#pagebreak(weak:true,to:"odd")

fonts

Submodule fonts added at 78e773c

0 commit comments

Comments
 (0)