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HTTP client

Introduction

The CrateDB Python driver package offers an HTTP client API object.

>>> from crate.client import http
>>> HttpClient = http.Client

Server configuration

A list of servers can be passed while creating an instance of the http client:

>>> http_client = HttpClient([crate_host])
>>> http_client.close()

Its also possible to pass a single server as a string:

>>> http_client = HttpClient(crate_host)
>>> http_client.close()

If no server argument (or no argument at all) is passed, the default one 127.0.0.1:4200 is used:

>>> http_client = HttpClient()
>>> http_client._active_servers
['http://127.0.0.1:4200']
>>> http_client.close()

When using a list of servers, the servers are selected by round-robin:

>>> invalid_host = "invalid_host:9999"
>>> even_more_invalid_host = "even_more_invalid_host:9999"
>>> http_client = HttpClient([crate_host, invalid_host, even_more_invalid_host], timeout=0.3)
>>> http_client._get_server()
'http://127.0.0.1:44209'
>>> http_client._get_server()
'http://invalid_host:9999'
>>> http_client._get_server()
'http://even_more_invalid_host:9999'
>>> http_client.close()

Servers with connection errors will be removed from the active server list:

>>> http_client = HttpClient([invalid_host, even_more_invalid_host, crate_host], timeout=0.3)
>>> result = http_client.sql('select name from locations')
>>> http_client._active_servers
['http://127.0.0.1:44209']

Inactive servers will be re-added after a given time interval. To validate this, set the interval and timeout very short, and sleep after the first request:

>>> http_client.retry_interval = 1
>>> result = http_client.sql('select name from locations')
>>> import time; time.sleep(1)
>>> server = http_client._get_server()
>>> http_client._active_servers
['http://invalid_host:9999',
 'http://even_more_invalid_host:9999',
 'http://127.0.0.1:44209']
>>> http_client.close()

If no active servers are available and the retry interval is not reached, just use the oldest inactive one:

>>> http_client = HttpClient([invalid_host, even_more_invalid_host, crate_host], timeout=0.3)
>>> result = http_client.sql('select name from locations')
>>> http_client._active_servers = []
>>> http_client._get_server()
'http://invalid_host:9999'
>>> http_client.close()

SQL Statements

Issue a select statement against our with test data pre-filled crate instance:

>>> http_client = HttpClient(crate_host)
>>> result = http_client.sql('select name from locations order by name')
>>> pprint(result)
{'col_types': [4],
 'cols': ['name'],
 'duration': ...,
 'rowcount': 13,
 'rows': [['Aldebaran'],
          ['Algol'],
          ['Allosimanius Syneca'],
          ['Alpha Centauri'],
          ['Altair'],
          ['Argabuthon'],
          ['Arkintoofle Minor'],
          ['Bartledan'],
          ['Folfanga'],
          ['Galactic Sector QQ7 Active J Gamma'],
          ['Galaxy'],
          ['North West Ripple'],
          ['Outer Eastern Rim']]}

Blobs

Check if a blob exists:

>>> http_client.blob_exists('myfiles', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8')
False

Trying to get a non-existing blob throws an exception:

>>> http_client.blob_get('myfiles', '041f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
crate.client.exceptions.DigestNotFoundException: myfiles/041f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8

Creating a new blob - this method returns True if the blob was newly created:

>>> from tempfile import TemporaryFile
>>> f = TemporaryFile()
>>> _ = f.write(b'content')
>>> _ = f.seek(0)
>>> http_client.blob_put(
...     'myfiles', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8', f)
True

Uploading the same content again returns False:

>>> _ = f.seek(0)
>>> http_client.blob_put(
...     'myfiles', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8', f)
False

Now the blob exist:

>>> http_client.blob_exists('myfiles', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8')
True

Blobs are returned as generators, generating a chunk on each call:

>>> g = http_client.blob_get('myfiles', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8')
>>> print(next(g))
content

The chunk_size can be set explicitly on get:

>>> g = http_client.blob_get(
...     'myfiles', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8', 5)
>>> print(next(g))
conte
>>> print(next(g))
nt

Deleting a blob - this method returns true if the blob existed:

>>> http_client.blob_del('myfiles', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8')
True
>>> http_client.blob_del('myfiles', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8')
False

Uploading a blob to a table with disabled blob support throws an exception:

>>> _ = f.seek(0)
>>> http_client.blob_put(
...     'locations', '040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8', f)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
crate.client.exceptions.BlobLocationNotFoundException: locations/040f06fd774092478d450774f5ba30c5da78acc8
>>> http_client.close()
>>> f.close()

Error Handling

Create a function that takes a lot of time to return so we can run into a timeout exception:

>>> http_client = HttpClient(crate_host)
>>> http_client.sql('''
... CREATE FUNCTION fib(LONG) RETURNS LONG
... LANGUAGE JAVASCRIPT AS '
...   var fib = function fib(n) { return n < 2 ? n : fib(n-1) + fib(n-2); }
... '
... ''')
{...}
>>> http_client.close()

It is possible to define a HTTP timeout in seconds when creating a client object, so an exception is raised when the timeout expires:

>>> http_client = HttpClient(crate_host, timeout=0.01)
>>> http_client.sql('select fib(32)')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
crate.client.exceptions.ConnectionError: No more Servers available, exception from last server: ...
>>> http_client.close()

In order to adjust the connect- vs. read-timeout values individually, please use the urllib3.Timeout object like:

>>> import urllib3
>>> http_client = HttpClient(crate_host, timeout=urllib3.Timeout(connect=1.11, read=0.01))
>>> http_client.sql('select fib(32)')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
crate.client.exceptions.ConnectionError: No more Servers available, exception from last server: ...
>>> http_client.close()

When connecting to non-CrateDB servers, the HttpClient will raise a ConnectionError like this:

>>> http_client = HttpClient(["https://example.org/"])
>>> http_client.server_infos(http_client._get_server())
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
crate.client.exceptions.ProgrammingError: Invalid server response of content-type 'text/html':
...
>>> http_client.close()

When using the error_trace kwarg a full traceback of the server exception will be provided:

>>> from crate.client.exceptions import ProgrammingError
>>> http_client = HttpClient([crate_host], error_trace=True)
>>> try:
...     http_client.sql("select grmpf form error arrrggghh")
... except ProgrammingError as e:
...     trace = 'TRACE: ' + str(e.error_trace)
>>> print(trace)
TRACE: ... mismatched input 'error' expecting {<EOF>, ...
at io.crate...
>>> http_client.close()