diff --git a/dbt/adapters/databricks/api_client.py b/dbt/adapters/databricks/api_client.py
index c36621079..105866eb7 100644
--- a/dbt/adapters/databricks/api_client.py
+++ b/dbt/adapters/databricks/api_client.py
@@ -617,6 +617,11 @@ def _handle_terminal_state(self, run: Run) -> None:
             self._handle_non_terminated_failure(
                 run, life_cycle_state, state_message, result_state or ""
             )
+        elif result_state not in (None, "SUCCESS", "SUCCESS_WITH_FAILURES"):
+            raise DbtRuntimeError(
+                f"Python model run ended in result_state {result_state}"
+                f" (run_id: {run.run_id})\nState message: {state_message}"
+            )
 
     def cancel(self, run_id: str) -> None:
         logger.debug(f"Cancelling run id {run_id}")
diff --git a/tests/unit/api_client/test_job_runs_api.py b/tests/unit/api_client/test_job_runs_api.py
index 922fd7cfd..ac766b63f 100644
--- a/tests/unit/api_client/test_job_runs_api.py
+++ b/tests/unit/api_client/test_job_runs_api.py
@@ -203,3 +203,20 @@ def test_poll_for_completion__success(self, _, api, workspace_client):
         api.poll_for_completion("123")
 
         workspace_client.jobs.get_run.assert_called_with(run_id=123)
+
+    @freezegun.freeze_time("2020-01-01")
+    @patch("time.sleep")
+    def test_poll_for_completion__failed(self, _, api, workspace_client):
+        mock_run = Mock(spec=Run)
+        mock_state = Mock(spec=RunState)
+        mock_state.life_cycle_state = RunLifeCycleState.TERMINATED
+        mock_state.result_state = RunResultState.FAILED
+        mock_state.state_message = "notebook raised exception"
+        mock_run.state = mock_state
+        mock_run.run_id = 123
+        workspace_client.jobs.get_run.return_value = mock_run
+
+        with pytest.raises(DbtRuntimeError) as exc:
+            api.poll_for_completion("123")
+
+        assert "Python model run ended in result_state FAILED" in str(exc.value)