feat(python): add "ty" linter

[spaceone]

Fixes: #4971

• Read the Contributing guide linked above first.

No link displayed above.

• Read the documentation that comes with ALE with :help ale-dev.
  Seriously, read :help ale-dev and write tests.

vim says E149: Sorry, no help for ale-dev

[hsanson]

Please add tests for the linter and the handler. Also add documentation entries for the new linter:

• Add entry to doc/ale-html.txt.
• Add entry to doc/ale-supported-languages-and-tools.txt.
• Add entry to supported-tools.md
• Add entry with new configuration varibales into doc/ale-python.txt

[jrd]

Works for me.

[nickolashkraus]

👀 Guten Rutsch, @spaceone
Looking forward to enabling ty in ALE–significant performance improvements

[spaceone]

I'm sorry, I broke my foot and can't continue soon.

[w0rp]

I'm sorry, I broke my foot and can't continue soon.

I relate to this very much on a personal level. I smashed my toe in 2024 that alone set a project back by a while. I hope you feel better soon.

[w0rp]

I'll paste this in every open PR: We finally managed to migrate CI checks for Windows from AppVeyor to GitHub Actions, and we've updated the minimum supported Vim version to 8.2. (Thought Vim 8.0 might happen to work for some.) In order to get checks to run again for a PR you'll need to rebase or merge.

[w0rp]

I'll add my own version of this later, or someone else can. I want to add support for the language server for ty instead of just the CLI run.