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Benchmark stringification approach
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‎tests/benchmark_raw.php‎

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<?php
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/**
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* Micro-benchmark for Runtime::raw() implementation variants.
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*
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* Usage: php -d opcache.enable_cli=1 -d opcache.jit=tracing tests/benchmark_raw.php [iterations]
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*/
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$iterations = (int) ($argv[1] ?? 500_000);
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// --- Implementations ---
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function raw_current(mixed $value): string
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{
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if ($value === true) {
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return 'true';
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}
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if ($value === false) {
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return 'false';
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}
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if (is_array($value)) {
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if (array_is_list($value)) {
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$ret = '';
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foreach ($value as $vv) {
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$ret .= raw_current($vv) . ',';
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}
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return substr($ret, 0, -1);
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} else {
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return '[object Object]';
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}
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}
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return "$value";
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}
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// Add is_string() check before bool checks
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function raw_string_first(mixed $value): string
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{
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if (is_string($value)) {
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return $value;
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}
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if ($value === true) {
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return 'true';
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}
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if ($value === false) {
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return 'false';
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}
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if (is_array($value)) {
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if (array_is_list($value)) {
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$ret = '';
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foreach ($value as $vv) {
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$ret .= raw_string_first($vv) . ',';
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}
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return substr($ret, 0, -1);
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} else {
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return '[object Object]';
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}
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}
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return "$value";
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}
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// Add null === check before the string cast
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function raw_null_early(mixed $value): string
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{
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if ($value === true) {
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return 'true';
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}
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if ($value === false) {
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return 'false';
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}
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if ($value === null) {
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return '';
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}
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if (is_array($value)) {
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if (array_is_list($value)) {
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$ret = '';
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foreach ($value as $vv) {
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$ret .= raw_null_early($vv) . ',';
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}
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return substr($ret, 0, -1);
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} else {
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return '[object Object]';
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}
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}
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return "$value";
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}
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// is_string + null early returns before anything else
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function raw_string_null_first(mixed $value): string
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{
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if (is_string($value)) {
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return $value;
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}
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if ($value === null) {
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return '';
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}
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if ($value === true) {
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return 'true';
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}
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if ($value === false) {
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return 'false';
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}
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if (is_array($value)) {
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if (array_is_list($value)) {
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$ret = '';
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foreach ($value as $vv) {
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$ret .= raw_string_null_first($vv) . ',';
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}
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return substr($ret, 0, -1);
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} else {
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return '[object Object]';
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}
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}
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return (string) $value;
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}
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// Collapse two bool checks into one is_bool() call
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function raw_is_bool(mixed $value): string
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{
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if (is_bool($value)) {
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return $value ? 'true' : 'false';
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}
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if (is_array($value)) {
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if (array_is_list($value)) {
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$ret = '';
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foreach ($value as $vv) {
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$ret .= raw_is_bool($vv) . ',';
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}
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return substr($ret, 0, -1);
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} else {
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return '[object Object]';
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}
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}
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return "$value";
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}
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// is_string first + is_bool combined
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function raw_string_is_bool(mixed $value): string
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{
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if (is_string($value)) {
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return $value;
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}
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if (is_bool($value)) {
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return $value ? 'true' : 'false';
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}
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if (is_array($value)) {
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if (array_is_list($value)) {
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$ret = '';
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foreach ($value as $vv) {
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$ret .= raw_string_is_bool($vv) . ',';
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}
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return substr($ret, 0, -1);
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} else {
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return '[object Object]';
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}
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}
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return "$value";
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}
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// --- Test cases ---
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$cases = [
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'string' => 'Hello, world!',
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'null' => null,
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'int' => 42,
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'true' => true,
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'false' => false,
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'list arr' => ['a', 'b', 'c'],
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'assoc arr' => ['key' => 'val'],
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];
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// Realistic mix: ~60% string, ~20% null, ~10% int, ~5% true, ~5% false
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$mix = [
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...array_fill(0, 60, 'Hello, world!'),
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...array_fill(0, 20, null),
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...array_fill(0, 10, 42),
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...array_fill(0, 5, true),
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...array_fill(0, 5, false),
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];
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shuffle($mix);
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$mixLen = count($mix);
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$impls = [
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'current' => 'raw_current',
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'string_first' => 'raw_string_first',
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'null_early' => 'raw_null_early',
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'str+null_first' => 'raw_string_null_first',
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'is_bool' => 'raw_is_bool',
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'str+is_bool' => 'raw_string_is_bool',
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];
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// --- Warmup: give JIT a chance to compile all paths ---
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for ($w = 0; $w < 5_000; $w++) {
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foreach ($impls as $fn) {
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foreach ($cases as $val) {
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$fn($val);
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}
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}
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}
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// --- Benchmark ---
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$colLabels = array_merge(array_keys($cases), ['mix']);
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$nsWidth = 10; // "12.34 ns" = 8 chars + padding; header "assoc arr" = 9 chars
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$pctWidth = 10; // "+100%" = 5 chars + padding; header "assoc arr" = 9 chars
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$implWidth = 16;
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$GREEN = "\033[32m";
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$RED = "\033[31m";
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$RESET = "\033[0m";
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$BOLD = "\033[1m";
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$RULE = "\033[2m";
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$rule = fn(int $w) => $RULE . str_repeat('─', $w) . $RESET . "\n";
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function printCell(string $visible, int $width, string $color = '', string $reset = ''): void
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{
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$padded = str_pad($visible, $width, ' ', STR_PAD_LEFT);
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echo $color . $padded . $reset;
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}
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// Collect all measurements first so we can print two clean tables.
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$ns = [];
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foreach ($impls as $implLabel => $fn) {
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foreach ($colLabels as $caseLabel) {
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if ($caseLabel === 'mix') {
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$start = hrtime(true);
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for ($i = 0; $i < $iterations; $i++) {
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$fn($mix[$i % $mixLen]);
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}
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$ns[$implLabel][$caseLabel] = (hrtime(true) - $start) / $iterations;
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} else {
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$val = $cases[$caseLabel];
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$start = hrtime(true);
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for ($i = 0; $i < $iterations; $i++) {
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$fn($val);
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}
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$ns[$implLabel][$caseLabel] = (hrtime(true) - $start) / $iterations;
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}
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}
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}
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$totalWidth = $implWidth + $nsWidth * count($colLabels);
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// --- Table 1: ns / call ---
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echo "\n{$BOLD}ns / call{$RESET} ({$iterations} iterations)\n";
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echo $rule($totalWidth);
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printf("%-{$implWidth}s", '');
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foreach ($colLabels as $label) {
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printCell($label, $nsWidth);
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}
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echo "\n";
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echo $rule($totalWidth);
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foreach ($impls as $implLabel => $_) {
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printf("%-{$implWidth}s", $implLabel);
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foreach ($colLabels as $caseLabel) {
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printCell(sprintf('%.2f ns', $ns[$implLabel][$caseLabel]), $nsWidth);
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}
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echo "\n";
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}
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// --- Table 2: delta vs current ---
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$totalWidth = $implWidth + $pctWidth * count($colLabels);
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echo "\n{$BOLD}delta vs current{$RESET} (negative = faster)\n";
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echo $rule($totalWidth);
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printf("%-{$implWidth}s", '');
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foreach ($colLabels as $label) {
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printCell($label, $pctWidth);
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}
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echo "\n";
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echo $rule($totalWidth);
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foreach ($impls as $implLabel => $_) {
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if ($implLabel === 'current') {
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continue;
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}
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printf("%-{$implWidth}s", $implLabel);
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foreach ($colLabels as $caseLabel) {
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$pct = ($ns[$implLabel][$caseLabel] - $ns['current'][$caseLabel]) / $ns['current'][$caseLabel] * 100;
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$visible = sprintf('%+.0f%%', $pct);
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$color = $pct < -1.0 ? $GREEN : ($pct > 1.0 ? $RED : '');
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printCell($visible, $pctWidth, $color, $color !== '' ? $RESET : '');
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}
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echo "\n";
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}
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echo "\nRun with: php -d opcache.enable_cli=1 -d opcache.jit=tracing tests/benchmark_raw.php\n";

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