diff --git a/content/manuals/billing/3d-secure.md b/content/manuals/billing/3d-secure.md
index 94f9e9379533..eca8852ca43c 100644
--- a/content/manuals/billing/3d-secure.md
+++ b/content/manuals/billing/3d-secure.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 ---
 title: Use 3D Secure authentication for Docker billing
 linkTitle: 3D Secure
-description: Docker billing supports 3D Secure (3DS) for secure payment authentication. Learn how 3DS works with Docker subscriptions.
-keywords: billing, renewal, payments, subscriptions, 3DS, credit card verification, secure payments, Docker billing security
+description: Learn how 3D Secure authentication works for Docker subscription payments and how to troubleshoot verification issues.
+keywords: billing, payments, subscriptions, 3D Secure, 3DS, credit card verification, payment authentication
 weight: 30
 ---
 
@@ -28,9 +28,10 @@ You may be asked to verify your identity when performing any of the following
 actions:
 
 - Starting a [paid subscription](../subscription/manage.md)
-- Changing your [billing cycle](/manuals/billing/cycle.md) from monthly to annual
+- Changing your [billing cycle](/manuals/billing/details.md#billing-cycle) from monthly to annual
 - [Upgrading your subscription](../subscription/manage.md#upgrade-plans)
-- [Adding seats](../admin/organization/manage/manage-seats.md) to an existing subscription
+- [Adding seats](../admin/organization/manage/manage-seats.md) to an existing
+  subscription
 
 If 3DS is required and your payment method supports it, the verification prompt
 will appear during checkout.
@@ -41,9 +42,8 @@ If you're unable to complete your payment due to 3DS:
 
 1. Retry your transaction. Make sure you're completing the verification
    prompt in the same browser tab.
-1. Use a different payment method. Some cards may not support 3DS properly
-   or be blocked.
-1. Contact your bank. Your bank may be blocking the payment or the 3DS
+1. Use a different payment method.
+1. Contact your bank to confirm whether it's blocking the payment or the 3DS
    verification attempt.
 
 > [!NOTE]
diff --git a/content/manuals/billing/_index.md b/content/manuals/billing/_index.md
index 033e4e45c676..a089b3c0ef82 100644
--- a/content/manuals/billing/_index.md
+++ b/content/manuals/billing/_index.md
@@ -8,35 +8,42 @@ params:
   sidebar:
     group: Platform
 grid_core:
-- title: Add or update a payment method
-  description: Learn how to add or update a payment method for your personal account or organization.
-  link: /billing/payment-method/
-  icon: credit-card
-- title: Update billing information
-  description: Discover how to update the billing information for your personal account or organization.
-  link: /billing/details/
-  icon: pencil-square
-- title: View billing history
-  description: Learn how to view billing history and download past invoices.
-  link: /billing/history/
-  icon: credit-card
-- title: Billing FAQs
-  description: Find the answers you need and explore common questions.
-  link: /billing/faqs/
-  icon: question-mark-circle
-- title: Register a tax certificate
-  description: Learn how to register a tax exemption certificate.
-  link: /billing/tax-certificate/
-  icon: book-open
-- title: 3D Secure authentication
-  description: Discover how Docker billing supports 3DS and how to troubleshoot potential issues.
-  link: /billing/3d-secure/
-  icon: wallet
+  - title: Add or update a payment method
+    description: Learn how to add or update a payment method for your personal account or organization.
+    link: /billing/payment-method/
+    icon: credit-card
+  - title: Update billing information
+    description: Learn how to update billing information for your personal account or organization.
+    link: /billing/details/
+    icon: pencil-square
+  - title: View billing history
+    description: Learn how to view billing history and download past invoices.
+    link: /billing/history/
+    icon: credit-card
+  - title: 3D Secure authentication
+    description: Learn how 3DS works and how to troubleshoot verification issues.
+    link: /billing/3d-secure/
+    icon: wallet
 aliases:
   - /billing/docker-hub-pricing/
 ---
 
-Use the resources in this section to manage billing and payments for your Docker
-subscriptions.
+You can use the billing portal to manage actions for your Docker subscriptions, such as updating
+payment methods, reviewing billing details, and tracking invoice history.
+
+## Docker plans and billing behaviors
+
+Your invoice history is a reference to the Docker plans you subscribe to. To understand more about how you were invoiced, such as renewal dates and billing cycles, review the [plan details](/manuals/subscription/plans/_index.md)
+for what you've subscribed to. To upgrade or add a new plan, see [Subscription](/manuals/subscription/_index.md).
+
+## Sales tax and VAT
+
+Depending on your location, Docker may collect sales tax or VAT on your
+subscription. To add your VAT number or Tax ID, do so when you
+[purchase a Docker plan](/manuals/subscription/manage.md#set-up-a-new-plan).
+If you're a US customer exempt from sales tax, you can
+[submit a tax exemption certificate](/manuals/billing/tax-certificate.md).
+
+## What's next
 
 {{< grid items="grid_core" >}}
diff --git a/content/manuals/billing/cycle.md b/content/manuals/billing/cycle.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 9640a537b345..000000000000
--- a/content/manuals/billing/cycle.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Change your billing cycle
-linkTitle: Change cycle
-weight: 50
-description: Learn to change your billing cycle for your Docker subscription
-keywords: billing, cycle, payments, subscription
----
-
-You can choose between a monthly or annual billing cycle when purchasing a
-subscription. If you have a monthly billing cycle, you can choose to
-switch to an annual billing cycle.
-
-If you're on a monthly plan, you can switch to a yearly plan at any time.
-However, switching from a yearly to a monthly cycle isn't supported.
-
-When you change your billing cycle:
-
-- Your next billing date reflects the new cycle. To find your next billing date,
-  see [View renewal date](history.md#view-renewal-date). All billing dates and renewal periods are calculated in UTC.
-- Your subscription's start date resets. For example, if the monthly
-  subscription started on March 1 and ended on April 1, switching the billing
-  duration on March 15, 2024, resets the new start date to March 15, 2024, with
-  an end date of March 15, 2025.
-- Any unused portion of your monthly subscription is prorated and applied as
-  credit toward an annual subscription. For example, if your monthly cost is $10
-  and you're used value is $5, when you switch to an annual cycle ($100), the
-  final charge is $95 ($100-$5).
-
-## Change personal account to an annual cycle
-
-Pay by invoice is not available for subscription upgrades or changes.
-
-To change your billing cycle:
-
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select
-   your organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. On the plans and usage page, select **Switch to annual billing**.
-1. Verify your billing information.
-1. Select **Continue to payment**.
-1. Verify payment information and select **Upgrade subscription**. If you choose to pay using a US bank account, you must verify the account. For more information, see [Verify a bank account](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md#verify-a-bank-account).
-
-The billing plans and usage page will now reflect your new annual plan details.
-
-## Change organization to an annual cycle
-
-You must be an organization owner to make changes to the payment information.
-
-Pay by invoice is not available for subscription upgrades or changes.
-
-Follow these steps to switch from a monthly to annual billing cycle for your
-organization's Docker subscription:
-
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select
-   your organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. On the plans and usage page, select **Switch to annual billing**.
-1. Verify your billing information.
-1. Select **Continue to payment**.
-1. Verify payment information and select **Upgrade subscription**. If you choose to pay using a US bank account, you must verify the account. For more information, see [Verify a bank account](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md#verify-a-bank-account).
diff --git a/content/manuals/billing/details.md b/content/manuals/billing/details.md
index fdda9892c248..bfb148a9105d 100644
--- a/content/manuals/billing/details.md
+++ b/content/manuals/billing/details.md
@@ -1,93 +1,40 @@
 ---
-title: Update your billing information
-linkTitle: Update information
+title: Update your billing details
+linkTitle: Update details
 weight: 40
-description: Learn how to update your billing information in Docker Hub
-keywords: payments, billing, subscription, invoices, update billing email, change billing address, VAT ID, Docker billing account
+description: Learn how to update billing details, like contact information, addresses, and notification email for Docker subscriptions.
+keywords: payments, billing, subscription, invoices, update billing email, change billing address, Docker billing account
+aliases:
+  - /billing/cycle/
 ---
 
-You can update the billing information for your personal account or for an
-organization. When you update your billing information, these changes apply to
-future billing invoices. The email address you provide for a billing account is
-where Docker sends all invoices and other billing related communications.
+You can update your billing contact information, address, and notification email at any time. Existing invoices, whether paid or unpaid, cannot be updated. Changes only apply to future invoices.
 
-> [!NOTE]
->
-> Existing invoices, whether paid or unpaid, cannot be updated.
-> Changes only apply to future invoices.
+## Update billing details
 
-## Manage billing information
+You can update your billing details for Docker individual accounts and Docker organization accounts using the same procedures.
 
-### Personal account
+To update your billing information from **Settings** in Docker Home:
 
-To update your billing information:
+1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select your personal or organization
+   account.
+1. Select **Billing**, then go to **Settings**.
+1. Select **Edit**, then choose **Update** next to your current billing contact and billing address information.
+1. Verify your information, then select **Save as default**.
 
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select your
-   organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. Select **Billing information** from the left-hand navigation.
-1. On your billing information card, select **Change**.
-1. Update your billing contact and billing address information.
-1. Optional. To add or update a VAT ID, select the **I'm purchasing as a business** checkbox and enter your Tax ID.
+For more information on changing your default payment method, see [Change default payment method](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md#change-default-payment-method).
 
-   > [!IMPORTANT]
-   >
-   > Your VAT number must include your country prefix. For example, if you are
-   > entering a VAT number for Germany, you would enter `DE123456789`.
+## Billing notifications
 
-1. Select **Update**.
+Docker sends invoices and other billing-related communications
+to the billing account's email address. These communications include:
 
-### Organization
+- Confirmations, such as new subscriptions, paid invoices
+- Notifications for card failure and card expiration errors
+- Reminders for subscription renewal
 
-> [!NOTE]
->
-> You must be an organization owner to make changes to the billing information.
+## Billing cycle
 
-To update your billing information:
-
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select your
-   organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. Select **Billing information** from the left-hand navigation.
-1. On your billing information card, select **Change**.
-1. Update your billing contact and billing address information.
-1. Optional. To add or update a VAT ID, select the **I'm purchasing as a business** checkbox and enter your Tax ID.
-
-   > [!IMPORTANT]
-   >
-   > Your VAT number must include your country prefix. For example, if you are
-   > entering a VAT number for Germany, you would enter `DE123456789`.
-
-1. Select **Update**.
-
-## Update your billing email address
-
-Docker sends the following billing-related emails:
-
-- Confirmations (new subscriptions, paid invoices)
-- Notifications (card failure, card expiration)
-- Reminders (subscription renewal)
-
-You can update the email address that receives billing invoices at any time.
-
-### Personal account
-
-To update your billing email address:
-
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select your
-   organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. Select **Billing information** from the left-hand navigation.
-1. On your billing information card, select **Change**.
-1. Update your billing contact information and select **Update**.
-
-### Organizations
-
-To update your billing email address:
-
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select
-   your organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. Select **Billing information** from the left-hand navigation.
-1. On your billing information card, select **Change**.
-1. Update your billing contact information and select **Update**.
+Billing cycles are defined on a per-plan basis. Depending on the product you
+subscribe to, your cycle can be monthly, annual, or another cadence. For
+plan-specific billing cycle details, see [Plans](/manuals/subscription/plans/_index.md).
diff --git a/content/manuals/billing/faqs.md b/content/manuals/billing/faqs.md
index 3cbef89b7490..897f49a77fa5 100644
--- a/content/manuals/billing/faqs.md
+++ b/content/manuals/billing/faqs.md
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 ---
 title: Billing FAQs
 linkTitle: FAQs
-description: Frequently asked questions related to billing
-keywords: billing, renewal, payments, faq
+description: Find answers to common questions about Docker billing, failed payments, taxes, and pay by invoice.
+keywords: billing, renewal, failed payments, sales tax, VAT, academic pricing, pay by invoice
 tags: [FAQ]
 weight: 80
 ---
 
-### What happens if my subscription payment fails?
+## What happens if my subscription payment fails?
 
 If your subscription payment fails, there is a grace period of 15 days,
-including the due date. Docker retries to collect the payment 3 times using the
-following schedule:
+including the due date. Docker attempts to collect the payment three times using
+the following schedule:
 
 - 3 days after the due date
 - 5 days after the previous attempt
@@ -21,39 +21,42 @@ Docker also sends an email notification
 `Action Required - Credit Card Payment Failed` with an attached unpaid invoice
 after each failed payment attempt.
 
-Once the grace period is over and the invoice is still not paid, the
+If the invoice remains unpaid after the grace period, the
 subscription downgrades to a free subscription and all paid features are
 disabled.
 
-### Can I manually retry a failed payment?
+## Can I manually retry a failed payment?
 
-No. Docker retries failed payments on a [retry schedule](/manuals/billing/faqs.md#what-happens-if-my-subscription-payment-fails).
+Yes. If your payment fails, select **Pay now** to retry the payment through
+Stripe.
 
-To ensure a retired payment is successful, verify your default payment is
-updated. If you need to update your default payment method, see
-[Manage payment method](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md#manage-payment-method).
+Before retrying, verify that your default payment method is up to date. For
+instructions, see
+[Manage a payment method](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md#manage-payment-method).
 
-### Does Docker collect sales tax and/or VAT?
+## Does Docker collect sales tax and VAT?
 
-Docker collects sales tax and/or VAT from the following:
+Docker collects sales tax or VAT from the following customers:
 
-- For United States customers, Docker began collecting sales tax on July 1, 2024.
+- For United States customers, Docker began collecting sales tax on
+  July 1, 2024.
 - For European customers, Docker began collecting VAT on March 1, 2025.
 - For United Kingdom customers, Docker began collecting VAT on May 1, 2025.
 
-To ensure that tax assessments are correct, make sure that your billing
-information and VAT/Tax ID, if applicable, are updated. See
-[Update the billing information](/manuals/billing/details.md).
+To help ensure correct tax assessments, keep your
+[billing information](/manuals/billing/details.md) up to date. You can add a
+tax ID or VAT ID when you
+[purchase a Docker plan](/manuals/subscription/manage.md#set-up-a-new-plan).
 
 If you're exempt from sales tax, see
-[Register a tax certificate](/manuals/billing/tax-certificate.md).
+[Submit a tax certificate](/manuals/billing/tax-certificate.md).
 
-### Does Docker offer academic pricing?
+## Does Docker offer academic pricing?
 
 For academic pricing, contact the
 [Docker Sales Team](https://www.docker.com/company/contact).
 
-### Can I use pay by invoice for upgrades or additional seats?
+## Can I use pay by invoice for upgrades or additional seats?
 
 No. Pay by invoice is only available for renewing annual subscriptions, not for
 purchasing upgrades or additional seats. You must use card payment or US bank
diff --git a/content/manuals/billing/history.md b/content/manuals/billing/history.md
index f2964dba33c4..c56089369f3b 100644
--- a/content/manuals/billing/history.md
+++ b/content/manuals/billing/history.md
@@ -1,137 +1,79 @@
 ---
-title: View and manage invoices and billing history
-linkTitle: Invoices
+title: Billing and invoice history
+linkTitle: Invoice history
 weight: 60
-description: Learn how to view invoices and your billing history
-keywords: payments, billing, subscription, invoices, renewals, invoice management, billing administration, pay invoice
+description: Learn how to view your Docker billing history, understand what's on an invoice, and pay by invoice.
+keywords: payments, billing, subscription, invoices, renewals, billing history, pay by invoice
 aliases:
   - /billing/core-billing/history/
 ---
 
-Learn how to view and pay invoices, view your billing history, and verify
-your billing renewal date. All monthly and annual subscriptions are
-automatically renewed at the end of the subscription term using your default
-payment method.
+Docker issues an invoice each time a subscription to a Docker plan renews or changes. You can track invoices issued to your account so you can review the plans you've
+subscribed to over time, check payment status, and download records as
+needed.
 
-## View an invoice
-
-Your invoice includes the following:
-
-- Invoice number
-- Date of issue
-- Due date
-- Your "Bill to" information
-- Amount due (in USD)
-- Pay online: Select this link to pay your invoice online
-- Description of your order, quantity if applicable, unit price, and
-  amount (in USD)
-- Subtotal, discount (if applicable), and total
-
-The information listed in the "Bill to" section of your invoice is based on
-your billing information. Not all fields are required. The billing information
-includes the following:
-
-- Name (required): The name of the administrator or company
-- Address (required)
-- Email address (required): The email address that receives all billing-related
-  emails for the account
-- Phone number
-- Tax ID or VAT
-
-You can’t make changes to a paid or unpaid billing invoice. When you update
-your billing information, this change won't update an existing invoice.
-
-If you need
-to update your billing information, make sure you do so before your
-subscription renewal date when your invoice is finalized.
+## View billing history
 
-For more information, see [Update billing information](details.md).
+Personal accounts and organization accounts use the same steps to view billing
+history. To view your billing history:
 
-## Pay an invoice
+1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select your personal
+   account or organization account.
+1. Select **Billing**, then **Invoices**.
+1. View an individual invoice by selecting:
+   - **Invoice number** to open invoice details in your browser
+   - **Download** to download a copy of your invoice.
 
 > [!NOTE]
 >
-> Pay by invoice is only available for subscribers on an annual billing cycle.
-> To change your billing cycle, see [Change your billing cycle](/manuals/billing/cycle.md).
+> If you want to view your organization account's
+> billing history, you must be an organization owner.
 
-If you've selected pay by invoice for your subscription, you'll receive email
-reminders to pay your invoice at 10 days before the due date, on the due date,
-and 15 days after the due date.
+## Understand your invoice
 
-You can pay an invoice from the Docker Billing Console:
+Your invoice includes the following information:
 
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and choose your organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. Select **Invoices** and locate the invoice you want to pay.
-1. In the **Actions** column, select **Pay invoice**.
-1. Fill out your payment details and select **Pay**.
+| Invoice field  | Description                                                                                   |
+| -------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Invoice number | A unique identifier for the invoice                                                           |
+| Date of issue  | The date Docker generated the invoice                                                         |
+| Due date       | The date your payment is due                                                                  |
+| Bill to        | Your billing name, address, and contact information                                           |
+| Line items     | The description, quantity (if applicable), unit price, and amount for each item on your order |
+| Subtotal       | The total amount before any discounts                                                         |
+| Total          | The subtotal after any discounts, matching the amount due                                     |
+| Amount due     | The total amount you owe, in USD                                                              |
+| Pay online     | A link to pay an unpaid invoice online                                                        |
 
-When your payment has processed, the invoice's **Status** column will update to
-**Paid** and you will receive a confirmation email.
+The information in the **Bill to** section comes from your billing
+information.
 
-If you choose to pay using a US bank account, you must verify the account. For
-more information, see [Verify a bank account](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md#verify-a-bank-account).
+- Not all fields are required.
+- You can't change a paid or unpaid invoice.
+- Updating your billing information
+  doesn't update an existing invoice.
 
-### View renewal date
+If you want different billing information reflected in your invoice, update your billing information before your renewal date, when
+Docker finalizes your invoice. For more information, see [Update billing information](details.md).
 
-You receive your invoice when the subscription renews. To verify your renewal
-date:
+## View renewal date
 
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home Billing](https://app.docker.com/billing).
-1. Find your renewal date and amount on your subscription plan card.
+Renewal dates are set on a per-plan basis, so check each plan individually if you subscribe to more than one. Depending on the product, your billing cycle can be monthly, annual, or another cadence. For plan-specific renewal and billing cycle details, see [Plans](/manuals/subscription/plans/_index.md).
 
-## Include your VAT number on your invoice
+## Pay by invoice
 
-> [!NOTE]
+> [!TIP]
 >
-> If the VAT number field is not available, complete the
-> [Contact Support form](https://hub.docker.com/support/contact/). This field
-> may need to be manually added.
-
-To add or update your VAT number:
-
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and choose your
-   organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. Select **Billing information** from the left-hand menu.
-1. Select **Change** on your billing information card.
-1. Ensure the **I'm purchasing as a business** checkbox is checked.
-1. Enter your VAT number in the Tax ID section.
-
-   > [!IMPORTANT]
-   >
-   > Your VAT number must include your country prefix. For example, if you are
-   > entering a VAT number for Germany, you would enter `DE123456789`.
-
-1. Select **Update**.
-
-Your VAT number will be included on your next invoice.
-
-## View billing history
-
-You can view your billing history and download past invoices for a personal
-account or organization.
-
-### Personal account
-
-To view billing history:
-
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and choose your
-   organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. Select **Invoices** from the left-hand menu.
-1. Optional. Select the **Invoice number** to open invoice details.
-1. Optional. Select the **Download** button to download an invoice.
-
-### Organization
-
-You must be an owner of the organization to view the billing history.
-
-To view billing history:
-
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select your
-   organization.
-1. Select **Billing**.
-1. Select **Invoices** from the left-hand menu.
-1. Optional. Select the **invoice number** to open invoice details.
-1. Optional. Select the **download** button to download an invoice.
+> To pay by invoice,
+> [upgrade to a Docker Team or Docker Business plan](https://www.docker.com/pricing?ref=Docs&refAction=DocsBillingPaymentMethod)
+> and choose an annual subscription.
+
+Pay by invoice requires upfront payment for your first subscription period
+using a payment card or ACH bank transfer. At renewal, Docker emails you an
+invoice to pay manually instead of charging your default payment method.
+
+- To add pay by invoice as a payment method, contact your Docker sales
+  representative.
+- You can only pay by invoice by choosing it as a payment method when
+  subscribing to Docker Team or Docker Business plans.
+- Pay by invoice isn't available for subscription upgrades or changes.
diff --git a/content/manuals/billing/payment-method.md b/content/manuals/billing/payment-method.md
index 2e8b22b2e815..49d27a11e197 100644
--- a/content/manuals/billing/payment-method.md
+++ b/content/manuals/billing/payment-method.md
@@ -2,19 +2,21 @@
 title: Add or update a payment method
 linkTitle: Payment methods
 weight: 20
-description: Learn how to add or update a payment method in Docker Hub
-keywords: payments, billing, subscription, supported payment methods, failed payments, add credit card, bank transfer, Stripe Link, payment failure
+description: Learn how to manage cards, US bank accounts, Stripe Link, and pay by invoice for Docker subscriptions.
+keywords: payments, billing, subscription, payment methods, credit card, ACH, US bank account, Stripe Link, pay by invoice, failed payments
 aliases:
   - /billing/core-billing/payment-method/
 ---
 
-Docker supports different payment methods for your paid personal
-account or organization. This page describes supported payment types, how to make payments from [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/), and how to set up pay by invoice.
+Docker supports several payment methods for paid personal accounts and
+organizations. This page describes supported payment types, how to manage
+payments from [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/), and how to set up pay by
+invoice.
 
 ## Supported payment types
 
-You can add a payment method or update your account's existing payment method
-at any time. All charges are in United States dollars (USD). The following payment methods are supported:
+You can add or update a payment method at any time. All charges are in United
+States dollars (USD). Docker supports the following payment methods:
 
 | Category      | Payment type                                                            |
 | ------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
@@ -22,121 +24,78 @@ at any time. All charges are in United States dollars (USD). The following payme
 | Wallets       | Stripe Link                                                             |
 | Bank accounts | Automated Clearing House (ACH) transfer with a verified US bank account |
 
-## Prerequisites
+Some payment methods require additional setup before changing it to your default payment method. For example:
 
-Certain payment methods require additional steps before selecting them as a payment method:
-
-- You must [verify a bank account](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md#verify-a-bank-account) before choosing a bank account.
-- You must have a Docker Business or Docker Team plan to [pay by invoice](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md#enable-and-disable-pay-by-invoice).
-- You must be an existing Stripe Link customer, or fill out the card information form to use Link payments.
+- Verify a
+  [bank account](#verify-a-bank-account) before choosing it as a payment method.
+- Use an existing Stripe Link account, or enter your card information to set up
+  Link.
 
 ## Manage payment method
 
-Paid personal accounts and organizations follow the same procedures to add, update, or remove payment methods.
+Paid personal accounts and organizations follow the same procedures to add,
+update, or remove payment methods.
 
 ### Add payment method
 
+You can add multiple payment methods in the billing portal. When you add a new payment method, you set it as a new default payment method.
+
 1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/).
-1. Select your account name for personal accounts, or select your organization name for organization accounts.
-1. Select **Billing**, then **Payment methods**.
-1. Select **Add payment method** and enter your new payment information:
-   - For first time setup, fill in your billing information.
-   - To purchase as a business, provide your tax ID.
-1. Choose to add a card, a US bank account, or a Link payment.
-   - To pay with card, fill out the card information form.
-   - To pay with a US bank account:
-     - Verify your **Email** and **Full name**.
+1. Select your username for a personal account, or select your organization
+   name for an organization.
+1. Select **Billing** to go to the billing portal, then **Change** in the **Payment method** tile.
+1. From the **Change payment method** modal, choose to add a card, a US bank account, or a Link payment.
+   - To pay with a card, enter your card information.
+   - To pay with a US bank account, verify your **Email** and **Full name**.
      - If your bank is listed, select your bank's name.
      - If your bank is not listed, select **Search for your bank**.
-   - To pay through Link, select an existing payment and choose **Use this card**.
-1. Finish adding the payment method by selecting **Add payment method**.
+   - To pay through Link, select an existing payment method, then select
+     **Use this card**.
+1. For first-time setup, enter your billing information.
+1. Finish adding the payment method by selecting **Save as default**.
 
-### Set default payment method
+### Change default payment method
 
 After adding one or more payment methods, you can set one as a default method.
 
-1. From **Billing**, go to **Payment methods**.
-1. Find the payment method you want to set as default from the **Payment method** table.
-1. Select the three dots, then choose **Set as default**.
+1. From **Billing**, go to the **Payment method** tile.
+1. Select **Change** to open the **Change payment method** modal, then select **Change** next to your current default method.
+1. Choose the payment method you want to set as default.
+1. Verify your information, then select **Save as default**.
 
 ### Remove payment method
 
-To remove a single payment method:
-
-1. From **Billing**, go to **Payment methods**.
-1. Find the payment method you want to remove from the **Payment method** table.
-1. Select the three dots, then choose **Remove**.
-
-To remove your default payment method, first set a different payment method as default, or [downgrade to a free subscription](/manuals/subscription/plans/docker.md#cancel-a-docker-plan).
-
-## Enable and disable pay by invoice
+You can only remove secondary payment methods. To remove a secondary payment method:
 
-> [!TIP]
-> Do you need to pay by invoice? [Upgrade to a Docker Business or Docker Team plan](https://www.docker.com/pricing?ref=Docs&refAction=DocsBillingPaymentMethod) and choose the annual subscription.
-
-Pay by invoice requires you to pay upfront for your first subscription period using a payment card or ACH bank transfer. At renewal time, instead of automatic payment, you'll receive an invoice via
-email that you must pay manually.
-
-Follow these steps to enable or disable pay by invoice:
+1. From **Billing**, go to the **Payment method** tile.
+1. Select **Change** to open the **Change payment method** modal.
+1. Select the **Actions** menu next to the payment method you want to remove, then select **Remove**.
+1. Verify your billing details, then select **Save as default**.
 
-1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/) and select your
-   organization.
-2. Select **Billing**, then **Payment methods**.
-3. Select **Pay by invoice**, then select the pay by invoice toggle to enable or disable.
-4. Confirm your billing contact details. If you need to change them, select
-   **Change** and enter your new details.
-
-Pay by invoice is not available for
-subscription upgrades or changes.
+You can't remove a default payment method. If you want to remove your default payment method, you must change your default payment method then follow the remove payment method procedures.
 
 ## Verify a bank account
 
-There are two ways to verify a bank account as a payment method:
-
-- Instant verification: Docker supports several major banks for instant
-  verification.
-- Manual verification: All other banks must be verified manually.
-
-### Instant verification
-
-To verify your bank account instantly, you must sign in to your bank account
-from the Docker billing flow:
+You can verify your bank account with instant verification for supported banks. You must sign in to your US bank account when adding your bank as a payment method:
 
+1. From **Billing**, go to the **Payment method** tile and select **Change**.
 1. Choose **US bank account** as your payment method.
 1. Verify your **Email** and **Full name**.
-1. If your bank is listed, select your bank's name or
-   select **Search for your bank**.
-1. Sign in to your bank and review the terms and conditions. This agreement
+1. Search for your bank, then select it to initiate the sign-in flow.
+1. Review the terms and conditions. This agreement
    allows Docker to debit payments from your connected bank account.
 1. Select **Agree and continue**.
-1. Select an account to link and verify, and select **Connect account**.
-
-When the account is verified, you will see a success message in the pop-up
-modal.
-
-### Manual verification
-
-To verify your bank account manually, you must enter the micro-deposit amount
-from your bank statement:
+1. Select an account to link and verify, then select **Connect account**.
 
-1. Choose **US bank account** as your payment method.
-1. Verify your **Email** and **First and last name**.
-1. Select **Enter bank details manually instead**.
-1. Enter your bank details: **Routing number** and **Account number**.
-1. Select **Submit**.
-1. You will receive an email with instructions on how to manually verify.
-
-Manual verification uses micro-deposits. You’ll see a small deposit
-(such as $0.01) in your bank account within 1–2 business days. Open your manual
-verification email and enter the amount of this deposit to verify your account.
+When the account is verified, a success message appears.
 
 ## Failed payments
 
-If your payment fails, select **Pay now**. This redirects you from Docker Hub so you can manually retry the payment through Stripe.
+If your payment fails, select **Pay now** to retry the payment through Stripe.
 
-You have a grace period of 15 days
-including the due date when your payment fails. Docker retries to collect the payment 3 times using the
-following schedule:
+You have a grace period of 15 days, including the due date, when your payment
+fails. Docker attempts to collect the payment three times using the following
+schedule:
 
 - 3 days after the due date
 - 5 days after the previous attempt
@@ -146,6 +105,22 @@ Docker also sends an email notification
 `Action Required - Credit Card Payment Failed` with an attached unpaid invoice
 after each failed payment attempt.
 
-Once the grace period is over and the invoice is still not paid, the
+If the invoice remains unpaid after the grace period, the
 subscription downgrades to a free subscription and all paid features are
 disabled.
+
+## Pay by invoice
+
+> [!TIP]
+>
+> To pay by invoice,
+> [upgrade to a Docker Team or Docker Business plan](https://www.docker.com/pricing?ref=Docs&refAction=DocsBillingPaymentMethod)
+> and choose an annual subscription.
+
+Pay by invoice requires upfront payment for your first subscription period
+using a payment card or ACH bank transfer. At renewal, Docker emails you an
+invoice to pay manually instead of charging your default payment method.
+
+- To add pay by invoice as a payment method, contact your Docker sales representative.
+- You can only pay by invoice by choosing it as a payment method when subscribing to Docker Team or Docker Business plans. 
+- Pay by invoice isn't available for subscription upgrades or changes.
diff --git a/content/manuals/billing/tax-certificate.md b/content/manuals/billing/tax-certificate.md
index b81982007e5b..19a22ed7208e 100644
--- a/content/manuals/billing/tax-certificate.md
+++ b/content/manuals/billing/tax-certificate.md
@@ -1,24 +1,24 @@
 ---
 title: Submit a tax exemption certificate
 linkTitle: Tax exemption certificate
-description: Learn how to submit a tax exemption or VAT certificate for Docker billing.
-keywords: billing, renewal, payments, tax, exemption, VAT, billing support, Docker billing
+description: Learn how to submit a US sales tax exemption certificate and add a VAT number to your Docker billing profile.
+keywords: billing, sales tax, tax exemption certificate, VAT number, tax ID, Docker Support
 weight: 70
 ---
 
 If you're a customer in the United States and are exempt from sales tax, you
 can submit a valid tax exemption certificate to Docker Support.
 
-If you're a global customer subject to VAT, make sure to include your
-[VAT number](/manuals/billing/history.md#include-your-vat-number-on-your-invoice)
-along with your country prefix when you update your billing profile.
+If you're a global customer subject to VAT, make sure to include your VAT
+number, along with your country prefix, when you
+[purchase a Docker plan](/manuals/subscription/manage.md#set-up-a-new-plan).
 
 ## Prerequisites
 
 Before submitting your certificate:
 
 - The customer name must match the name on the certificate.
-- The certificate must list Docker Inc. as the Seller or Vendor, with all
+- The certificate must list Docker, Inc. as the seller or vendor, with all
   relevant fields completed.
 - The certificate must be signed, dated, and not expired.
 - You must include the Docker ID or namespace(s) for all accounts to
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Before submitting your certificate:
 
 > [!IMPORTANT]
 >
-> You can use the same certificate for multiple namespaces, if applicable.
+> You can use the same certificate for multiple namespaces when applicable.
 
 ## Contact information
 
@@ -37,17 +37,17 @@ Docker, Inc.
 Palo Alto, CA 94306
 (415) 941-0376
 
-## Register a tax certificate
+## Submit a tax certificate
 
-1. [Submit a Docker Support ticket](https://hub.docker.com/support/contact?topic=Billing&subtopic=Tax%20information) to initiate the process to register a tax certificate.
+1. [Submit a Docker Support ticket](https://hub.docker.com/support/contact?topic=Billing&subtopic=Tax%20information)
+   to start the tax certificate registration process.
 1. Enter **Tax certificate** as the support ticket **Subject**.
 1. In the **Details** field, enter **Submitting a tax certificate**.
-1. Instructions will populate on how to submit a tax certificate.
-1. Fill out all required fields on the support form.
+1. Follow the instructions that appear for submitting a tax certificate.
+1. Complete all required fields on the support form.
 1. In the file upload section, add the tax certificate by dragging and dropping
    the file, or selecting **Browse files**.
 1. Select **Submit**.
 
-Docker's support team will reach out to you if any additional information is
-required. You'll receive an e-mail confirmation from Docker once your tax
-exemption status is applied to your account.
+Docker Support contacts you if additional information is required. Docker sends
+an email confirmation after applying the tax exemption status to your account.
diff --git a/content/manuals/subscription/manage.md b/content/manuals/subscription/manage.md
index 1af39b53e4fb..86d83ebc8bed 100644
--- a/content/manuals/subscription/manage.md
+++ b/content/manuals/subscription/manage.md
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: Manage plans
 linkTitle: Manage
-description:
-  Learn how to set up, upgrade, downgrade or cancel, or cancel auto-renewal for available plans.
+description: Learn how to set up, upgrade, downgrade or cancel, or cancel auto-renewal for available plans.
 keywords:
   purchase subscription, buy docker subscription, product catalog, browse
   products, upgrade subscription, downgrade subscription, docker billing, cancel auto-renewal, cancel, top up, manage
@@ -34,23 +33,27 @@ You can purchase Docker plans through the product catalog:
    - Each product tile uses an account-type flag so you know the difference.
 1. Select **View plans** to add a plan to your Docker account.
 1. Verify your billing details, continue to payment, and complete checkout.
+   - Optional. To add a VAT number, select the **I'm purchasing as a business**
+     checkbox and enter your Tax ID.
+   - Your VAT number must include your country prefix. For example, enter
+     `DE123456789` for a German VAT number.
 
 ## Upgrade plans
 
-You can upgrade active plans from the billing Overview page. 
+You can upgrade active plans from the billing Overview page.
 
 1. Sign in to [Docker Home](https://app.docker.com/), then choose your personal
    account or your organization account.
-1. Go to **Billing** to view the Overview page. 
+1. Go to **Billing** to view the Overview page.
    - The Overview page contains your active plans and payment details.
    - **Active plans** contains information about plan type, renewal cadence, and usage.
-1. Top up or upgrade from the **Active plans** section. 
-    - **Active plans** is where you complete all management actions.
-    - Depending on the plan type, you can select the action menu button or the **Manage** button to choose from available actions.
+1. Top up or upgrade from the **Active plans** section.
+   - **Active plans** is where you complete all management actions.
+   - Depending on the plan type, you can select the action menu button or the **Manage** button to choose from available actions.
 1. Verify your billing details, continue to payment, and complete checkout.
 
 > [!TIP]
-> Billing behaviors vary from plan to plan. Learn more about usage, downgrading, or canceling plans 
+> Billing behaviors vary from plan to plan. Learn more about usage, downgrading, or canceling plans
 > from the relevant
 > [product page](/manuals/subscription/plans/_index.md).
 
@@ -65,3 +68,5 @@ Some products are sales-led. You must
 - [Set up payment information](/manuals/billing/payment-method.md)
 - [View invoices](/manuals/billing/history.md)
 - To learn more about managing your billing details, see [Billing](/manuals/billing/_index.md).
+- To learn about sales tax and VAT, see
+  [Sales tax and VAT](/manuals/billing/_index.md#sales-tax-and-vat).