Add support for module initializers

Add support for module initializers

Add support for module initializers

fix md formatting

Author: RexJaeschke

standard/attributes.md

@@ -496,6 +496,7 @@ A number of attributes affect the language in some way. These attributes include
 - `System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncMethodBuilderAttribute` ([§23.5.5](attributes.md#2355-the-asyncmethodbuilder-attribute)), which is used to establish a task builder for an async method.
 - `System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallerLineNumberAttribute` ([§23.5.6.2](attributes.md#23562-the-callerlinenumber-attribute)), `System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallerFilePathAttribute` ([§23.5.6.3](attributes.md#23563-the-callerfilepath-attribute)), and `System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallerMemberNameAttribute` ([§23.5.6.4](attributes.md#23564-the-callermembername-attribute)), which are used to supply information about the calling context to optional parameters.
 - `System.Runtime.CompilerServices.EnumeratorCancellationAttribute` ([§23.5.8](attributes.md#2358-the-enumeratorcancellation-attribute)), which is used to specify parameter for the cancellation token in an asynchronous iterator.
+- `System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ModuleInitializer` (§module-init-attr), which is used to mark a method as a module initializer.
 
 The Nullable static analysis attributes ([§23.5.7](attributes.md#2357-code-analysis-attributes)) can improve the correctness of warnings generated for nullabilities and null states ([§8.9.5](types.md#895-nullabilities-and-null-states)).
 
@@ -1148,6 +1149,22 @@ The iterator will not have access to the `CancellationToken` argument for `GetAs
 >
 > *end example*
 
+### §module-init-attr The ModuleInitializer attribute
+
+The attribute `ModuleInitializer` is used to mark a method as a ***module initializer***. Such a method is called during initialization of the containing module. A module may have multiple initializers, which are called in an implementation-defined order.
+
+There are no limitations on what code is permitted in a module initializer.
+
+A module initializer shall have the following characteristics:
+
+- The *method_modifier* `static`.
+- No *parameter_list*.
+- A *return_type* of `void`.
+- No *type_parameter_list*.
+- Not be declared inside a *class_declaration* having a *type_parameter_list*.
+- Be accessible from the containing module (that is, have an access modifier `internal` or `public`).
+- Not be a local function.
+
 ## 23.6 Attributes for interoperation
 
 For interoperation with other languages, an indexer may be implemented using indexed properties. If no `IndexerName` attribute is present for an indexer, then the name `Item` is used by default. The `IndexerName` attribute enables a developer to override this default and specify a different name.

standard/portability-issues.md

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ A conforming implementation is required to document its choice of behavior in ea
 1. The impact of thread termination when a thread has no handler for an exception, and the thread is itself terminated. ([§13.10.6](statements.md#13106-the-throw-statement))
 1. The mechanism by which linkage to an external method is achieved. ([§15.6.8](classes.md#1568-external-methods))
 1. The impact of thread termination when no matching `catch` clause is found for an exception and the code that initially started that thread is reached. ([§22.4](exceptions.md#224-how-exceptions-are-handled)).
+1. The order of execution of module initializers in a module (§module-init-attr).
 1. An execution environment may provide additional attributes that affect the execution of a C# program. ([§23.5.1](attributes.md#2351-general))
 1. The mappings between pointers and integers. ([§24.5.1](unsafe-code.md#2451-general))
 1. The effect of applying the unary `*` operator to a `null` pointer. ([§24.6.2](unsafe-code.md#2462-pointer-indirection))

standard/standard-library.md

@@ -829,6 +829,12 @@ namespace System.Runtime.CompilerServices
         void OnCompleted(Action continuation);
     }
 
+    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)]
+    public sealed class ModuleInitializerAttribute : Attribute
+    {
+        public ModuleInitializerAttribute() { }
+    }
+
     public readonly struct TaskAwaiter : ICriticalNotifyCompletion,
         INotifyCompletion
     {