[release/10.0] Fix assertions generated by optCreateJumpTableImpliedAssertions (#127003)

Backport of #123240 to release/10.0

/cc @EgorBo

## Customer Impact

- [x] Customer reported
- [ ] Found internally

The JIT compiler could make invalid assumptions regarding the `default:`
case in `switch` statements concerning the possible ranges of the
checked variable. This could lead to incorrect constant folding and
branch removal. The original bug reproduction is available here:
#122254

## Regression

- [x] Yes
- [ ] No

Regressed via #113998 JIT
optimization.

## Testing

A test is added.

## Risk

Low

## Package authoring no longer needed in .NET 9

**IMPORTANT**: Starting with .NET 9, you no longer need to edit a NuGet
package's csproj to enable building and bump the version.
Keep in mind that we still need package authoring in .NET 8 and older
versions.

Co-authored-by: EgorBo <egorbo@gmail.com>

Author: github-actions[bot]

src/coreclr/jit/assertionprop.cpp

@@ -5714,7 +5714,8 @@ bool Compiler::optCreateJumpTableImpliedAssertions(BasicBlock* switchBb)
             //           default: %name.Length is >= 8 here%
             //       }
             //
-            if ((value > 0) && !vnStore->IsVNConstant(opVN))
+            // NOTE: if offset != 0, we only know that "X + offset >= maxJumpIdx", which is not very useful.
+            if ((offset == 0) && (value > 0) && !vnStore->IsVNConstant(opVN))
             {
                 AssertionDsc dsc   = {};
                 dsc.assertionKind  = OAK_NOT_EQUAL;

src/tests/JIT/Regression/JitBlue/Runtime_122254/Runtime_122254.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
+// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using Xunit;
+
+public class Runtime_122254
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public static void TestEntryPoint()
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            Test(new int[0]);
+        }
+        catch (InvalidOperationException)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
+    private static void Test(int[] arr)
+    {
+        int block = arr.Length;
+        switch (block)
+        {
+            case 2:
+                Console.WriteLine("2");
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                Console.WriteLine("3");
+                break;
+            case 4:
+                Console.WriteLine("4");
+                break;
+            default:
+                if (block == 0)
+                {
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException();
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+}