diff --git a/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/resources/nginx/00-log-format.conf b/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/resources/nginx/00-log-format.conf
index 6b04c76ef..ea099708c 100644
--- a/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/resources/nginx/00-log-format.conf
+++ b/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/resources/nginx/00-log-format.conf
@@ -1 +1,11 @@
-log_format dstack_stat '$time_iso8601 $host $status $request_time';
+log_format dstack_stat '$time_iso8601 $host $status $request_time $dstack_replica_hit';
+
+
+# A hack to avoid this Nginx reload error when no services are registered:
+#     nginx: [emerg] unknown "dstack_replica_hit" variable
+server {
+    listen unix:/tmp/dstack-dummy-nginx.sock;
+    server_name placeholder.local;
+    deny all;
+    set $dstack_replica_hit 0;
+}
diff --git a/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/resources/nginx/service.jinja2 b/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/resources/nginx/service.jinja2
index 7867566d9..b096fa80e 100644
--- a/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/resources/nginx/service.jinja2
+++ b/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/resources/nginx/service.jinja2
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ upstream {{ domain }}.upstream {
 server {
     server_name {{ domain }};
     limit_req_status 429;
+    set $dstack_replica_hit 0;
     access_log {{ access_log_path }} dstack_stat;
     client_max_body_size {{ client_max_body_size }};
 
@@ -23,11 +24,7 @@ server {
         auth_request /_dstack_auth;
         {% endif %}
 
-        {% if replicas %}
         try_files /nonexistent @$http_upgrade;
-        {% else %}
-        return 503;
-        {% endif %}
 
         {% if location.limit_req %}
         limit_req zone={{ location.limit_req.zone }}{% if location.limit_req.burst %} burst={{ location.limit_req.burst }} nodelay{% endif %};
@@ -35,8 +32,9 @@ server {
     }
     {% endfor %}
 
-    {% if replicas %}
     location @websocket {
+        set $dstack_replica_hit 1;
+        {% if replicas %}
         proxy_pass http://{{ domain }}.upstream;
         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
@@ -44,19 +42,27 @@ server {
         proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
         proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
         proxy_read_timeout 300s;
+        {% else %}
+        return 503;
+        {% endif %}
     }
     location @ {
+        set $dstack_replica_hit 1;
+        {% if replicas %}
         proxy_pass http://{{ domain }}.upstream;
         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_read_timeout 300s;
+        {% else %}
+        return 503;
+        {% endif %}
     }
-    {% endif %}
 
     {% if auth %}
     location = /_dstack_auth {
         internal;
         if ($remote_addr = 127.0.0.1) {
+            # for requests from the gateway app, e.g. from the OpenAI-compatible API
             return 200;
         }
         proxy_pass http://localhost:{{ proxy_port }}/api/auth/{{ project_name }};
diff --git a/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/services/stats.py b/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/services/stats.py
index b6727282e..c3086fc05 100644
--- a/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/services/stats.py
+++ b/src/dstack/_internal/proxy/gateway/services/stats.py
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@
 
 from dstack._internal.proxy.gateway.repo.repo import GatewayProxyRepo
 from dstack._internal.proxy.gateway.schemas.stats import PerWindowStats, ServiceStats, Stat
+from dstack._internal.proxy.lib.errors import UnexpectedProxyError
 from dstack._internal.utils.common import run_async
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-IGNORE_STATUSES = {403, 404}
 WINDOWS = (30, 60, 300)
 TTL = WINDOWS[-1]
 EMPTY_STATS = {window: Stat(requests=0, request_time=0.0) for window in WINDOWS}
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ class LogEntry(BaseModel):
     host: str
     status: int
     request_time: float
+    is_replica_hit: bool
 
 
 class StatsCollector:
@@ -87,7 +88,8 @@ def _collect(self) -> None:
         now = datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc)
 
         for entry in self._read_access_log(now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=TTL)):
-            if entry.status in IGNORE_STATUSES:
+            # only include requests that hit or should hit a service replica
+            if not entry.is_replica_hit:
                 continue
 
             frame_timestamp = int(entry.timestamp.timestamp())
@@ -119,7 +121,10 @@ def _read_access_log(self, after: datetime.datetime) -> Iterable[LogEntry]:
                 line = self._file.readline()
                 if not line:
                     break
-                timestamp_str, host, status, request_time = line.split()
+                cells = line.split()
+                if len(cells) == 4:  # compatibility with pre-0.19.11 logs
+                    cells.append("0" if cells[2] in ["403", "404"] else "1")
+                timestamp_str, host, status, request_time, dstack_replica_hit = cells
                 timestamp = datetime.datetime.fromisoformat(timestamp_str)
                 if timestamp < after:
                     continue
@@ -128,6 +133,7 @@ def _read_access_log(self, after: datetime.datetime) -> Iterable[LogEntry]:
                     host=host,
                     status=int(status),
                     request_time=float(request_time),
+                    is_replica_hit=_parse_nginx_bool(dstack_replica_hit),
                 )
             if os.fstat(self._file.fileno()).st_ino != st_ino:
                 # file was rotated
@@ -154,3 +160,11 @@ async def get_service_stats(
         )
         for service in services
     ]
+
+
+def _parse_nginx_bool(v: str) -> bool:
+    if v == "0":
+        return False
+    if v == "1":
+        return True
+    raise UnexpectedProxyError(f"Cannot parse boolean value: expected '0' or '1', got {v!r}")
diff --git a/src/tests/_internal/proxy/gateway/services/test_stats.py b/src/tests/_internal/proxy/gateway/services/test_stats.py
index d52b264f7..e019aed7f 100644
--- a/src/tests/_internal/proxy/gateway/services/test_stats.py
+++ b/src/tests/_internal/proxy/gateway/services/test_stats.py
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@
         pytest.param(
             dedent(
                 """
-                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv-0.gtw.test 200 0.100
-                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv-1.gtw.test 200 1.100
-                2024-12-06T12:09:15+00:00 srv-0.gtw.test 200 0.200
-                2024-12-06T12:09:15+00:00 srv-1.gtw.test 200 1.200
-                2024-12-06T12:09:45+00:00 srv-0.gtw.test 200 0.300
+                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv-0.gtw.test 200 0.100 1
+                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv-1.gtw.test 200 1.100 1
+                2024-12-06T12:09:15+00:00 srv-0.gtw.test 200 0.200 1
+                2024-12-06T12:09:15+00:00 srv-1.gtw.test 200 1.200 1
+                2024-12-06T12:09:45+00:00 srv-0.gtw.test 200 0.300 1
                 """
             ),
             {
@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@
         pytest.param(
             dedent(
                 """
-                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.100
-                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.200
-                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.300
-                2024-12-06T12:08:01+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.400
-                2024-12-06T12:08:01+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.500
+                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.100 1
+                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.200 1
+                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.300 1
+                2024-12-06T12:08:01+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.400 1
+                2024-12-06T12:08:01+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.500 1
                 """
             ),
             {
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@
         pytest.param(
             dedent(
                 """
-                2024-12-06T12:04:50+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.400
-                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.300
-                2024-12-06T12:09:15+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.200
-                2024-12-06T12:09:45+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.100
+                2024-12-06T12:04:50+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.400 1
+                2024-12-06T12:08:00+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.300 1
+                2024-12-06T12:09:15+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.200 1
+                2024-12-06T12:09:45+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.100 1
                 """
             ),
             {
@@ -75,6 +75,23 @@
             },
             id="ignores-out-of-window",
         ),
+        pytest.param(
+            dedent(
+                """
+                2024-12-06T12:08:01+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.100 1
+                2024-12-06T12:08:02+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.200 0
+                2024-12-06T12:08:03+00:00 srv.gtw.test 200 0.300 1
+                """
+            ),
+            {
+                "srv.gtw.test": {
+                    30: Stat(requests=0, request_time=0.0),
+                    60: Stat(requests=0, request_time=0.0),
+                    300: Stat(requests=2, request_time=0.2),
+                },
+            },
+            id="ignores-replica-not-hit",
+        ),
         pytest.param(
             dedent(
                 """
@@ -93,7 +110,7 @@
                     300: Stat(requests=4, request_time=0.25),
                 },
             },
-            id="ignores-irrelevant-statuses",
+            id="ignores-irrelevant-statuses-in-legacy-pre-0.19.11-log",
         ),
         pytest.param(
             "",