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Duodécimo Machine Learning

Introduction

Machine learning, also called automatic learning, according to Arthur Samuel in 1959, gives "computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed." [1]

Andrew NG seems to prefer saying without being aparently explicitaly programmed. [2]

Take a little child, for example. One points objects to them, and says things like: - Look, a dog!, and, - Look, a car!, and so on. A little while further, the child begins to mention the objects when they see them. The chield learned the name of the objects and is able to classify the objects to a certain extent.

Some aspects of the learning process must be observed:

• One just shows the object and labels it.
• No particular carachteristic of the object must be tought (a car has whells, a dog has eys and mouth, ...).
• The child is able to recognize up to some extent different objects of the same class (several branches of cars, with different color, size and shape, several kinds of dogs, races are retty different).