API: Implement primitive data types (#442)

Till now we had not implemented the additional primitive data types introduced in the [API specification]. 
Many of them are still not usable since we for example do not support asynchronous operations yet. 
But I still think it is better to have them implemented for later use.

[API specification]: https://industrialdigitaltwin.io/aas-specifications/IDTA-01002/v3.1/specification/interfaces-payload.html#_primitive_data_types

---------

Co-authored-by: s-heppner <iat@s-heppner.com>

Author: Frosty2500

sdk/basyx/aas/model/base.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 BlobType = bytes
 
 # The following string aliases are constrained by the decorator functions defined in the string_constraints module,
-# wherever they are used for an instance attributes.
+# wherever they are used for an instance's attributes.
 ContentType = str  # any mimetype as in RFC2046
 Identifier = str
 LabelType = str

server/app/interfaces/_string_constraints.py

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2025 the Eclipse BaSyx Authors
+#
+# This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the terms of the MIT License, available in
+# the LICENSE file of this project.
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+"""
+This module implements constraint functions for the listed constrained string types.
+All types are constrained in length (min and max).
+
+.. warning::
+    This module is intended for internal use only.
+
+The following types aliased in the :mod:`~server.app.interfaces.base` module are constrained:
+
+- :class:`~server.app.interfaces.base.CodeType`
+- :class:`~server.app.interfaces.base.ShortIdType`
+- :class:`~server.app.interfaces.base.LocatorType`
+- :class:`~server.app.interfaces.base.TextType`
+- :class:`~server.app.interfaces.base.SchemeType`
+"""
+
+from typing import Callable, Type
+from basyx.aas.model._string_constraints import check, constrain_attr, _T
+
+
+def check_code_type(value: str, type_name: str = "CodeType") -> None:
+    return check(value, type_name, 1, 32)
+
+
+def check_short_id_type(value: str, type_name: str = "ShortIdType") -> None:
+    return check(value, type_name, 1, 128)
+
+
+def check_locator_type(value: str, type_name: str = "LocatorType") -> None:
+    return check(value, type_name, 1, 2048)
+
+
+def check_text_type(value: str, type_name: str = "TextType") -> None:
+    return check(value, type_name, 1, 2048)
+
+
+def check_scheme_type(value: str, type_name: str = "SchemeType") -> None:
+    return check(value, type_name, 1, 128)
+
+
+def constrain_code_type(pub_attr_name: str) -> Callable[[Type[_T]], Type[_T]]:
+    return constrain_attr(pub_attr_name, check_code_type)
+
+
+def constrain_short_id_type(pub_attr_name: str) -> Callable[[Type[_T]], Type[_T]]:
+    return constrain_attr(pub_attr_name, check_short_id_type)
+
+
+def constrain_locator_type(pub_attr_name: str) -> Callable[[Type[_T]], Type[_T]]:
+    return constrain_attr(pub_attr_name, check_locator_type)
+
+
+def constrain_text_type(pub_attr_name: str) -> Callable[[Type[_T]], Type[_T]]:
+    return constrain_attr(pub_attr_name, check_text_type)
+
+
+def constrain_scheme_type(pub_attr_name: str) -> Callable[[Type[_T]], Type[_T]]:
+    return constrain_attr(pub_attr_name, check_scheme_type)

server/app/interfaces/base.py

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 from basyx.aas.adapter._generic import XML_NS_MAP
 from basyx.aas.adapter.xml import XMLConstructables, read_aas_xml_element, xml_serialization
 from basyx.aas.model import AbstractObjectStore
+from basyx.aas.model.datatypes import NonNegativeInteger
 from lxml import etree
 from werkzeug import Request, Response
 from werkzeug.exceptions import BadRequest, NotFound
@@ -28,6 +29,15 @@
 from app.adapter import ServerAASToJsonEncoder, ServerStrictAASFromJsonDecoder, ServerStrictStrippedAASFromJsonDecoder
 from app.model import AssetAdministrationShellDescriptor, AssetLink, SubmodelDescriptor
 from app.util.converters import base64url_decode
+from . import _string_constraints
+
+# The following string aliases are constrained by the decorator functions defined in the string_constraints module,
+# wherever they are used for an instances attributes.
+CodeType = str
+ShortIdType = str
+LocatorType = str
+TextType = str
+SchemeType = str
 
 T = TypeVar("T")
 
@@ -44,15 +54,16 @@ def __str__(self):
         return self.name.capitalize()
 
 
+@_string_constraints.constrain_code_type("code")
 class Message:
     def __init__(
         self,
-        code: str,
+        code: CodeType,
         text: str,
         message_type: MessageType = MessageType.UNDEFINED,
         timestamp: Optional[datetime.datetime] = None,
     ):
-        self.code: str = code
+        self.code: CodeType = code
         self.text: str = text
         self.message_type: MessageType = message_type
         self.timestamp: datetime.datetime = (
@@ -203,9 +214,8 @@ def _get_slice(cls, request: Request, iterator: Iterable[T]) -> Tuple[Iterator[T
         limit_str = request.args.get("limit", default="10")
         cursor_str = request.args.get("cursor", default="1")
         try:
-            limit, cursor = int(limit_str), int(cursor_str) - 1  # cursor is 1-indexed
-            if limit < 0 or cursor < 0:
-                raise ValueError
+            limit, cursor = (NonNegativeInteger(int(limit_str)),
+                             NonNegativeInteger(int(cursor_str) - 1))  # cursor is 1-indexed
         except ValueError:
             raise BadRequest("Limit can not be negative, cursor must be positive!")
         start_index = cursor