-[WFP SCOPE Cards](https://usermanual.scope.wfp.org/scope-cards/content/common_topics/introduction/1_introduction.htm), [WFP Building Blocks](https://innovation.wfp.org/project/building-blocks), and [GiveDirectly](https://www.givedirectly.org/) are the reference points for cash-and-voucher assistance at scale. SCOPE Cards is WFP's smartcard-based beneficiary identification and disbursement platform, backed by a centralized cloud registry; Building Blocks runs on a permissioned EVM-style chain and centralizes beneficiary records; GiveDirectly is the standard comparator for direct cash transfer. All three share the disbursement use case but none targets off-ramp unlinkability or smartcard envelopes for adversarial-jurisdiction recipients.
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