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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<head>
<title>T-RIZE Lab (FUSÉE Lab) @ ÉTS Montréal</title>
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<h1><a href="index.html" id="logo">The T-RIZE Fusée Laboratory:</a></h1>
<p>Systems Research @ ÉTS Montréal</p>
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<li class="current"><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#research">Research</a></li>
<li><a href="#team">Team</a></li>
<li><a href="#publications">Publications</a></li>
<li><a href="#service">Service</a></li>
<li><a href="#teaching">Teaching</a></li>
<li><a href="#positions">Open Positions</a></li>
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<h2 class="major"><span>Introduction</span></h2>
</header>
<section>
<p>Welcome to the webpage of the T-RIZE lab (FUSÉE Lab) at the <a href="https://www.etsmtl.ca/Departements/Genie-logiciel-et-des-TI/accueil">Department of Software and IT Engineering</a>, <a href="https://en.etsmtl.ca/en/home?lang=en-ca">ÉTS Montréal</a> (<a href="http://www.uquebec.ca/reseau/fr/contenu/english-section">University of Québec</a>). FUSÉE is a research group composed primarily of graduate students, established in 2017 by Dr. Kaiwen Zhang. Our mission is to study and build distributed systems based on five aspects:</p>
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<img src="images/fusee.png" alt="FUSÉE Properties" class="image featured"/>
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<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li>Fast, high-velocity, Big Data processing to achieve online analytics.</li>
<li>Unified and secure event-based frameworks for domains such as social networks, Internet of Things, online gaming.</li>
<li>Scalable distributed and decentralized systems to handle large volumes of data and users.</li>
<li>Event processing to support streaming operations such as aggregation, top-k filtering, and complex event detection.</li>
<li>Event messaging using the publish/subscribe abstraction for decoupled networked interactions.</li>
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<header id="research">
<h2 class="major"><span>Research Projects</span></h2>
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<img src="images/blockchain.png" alt="Blockchain Layers" class="image featured" />
<h3>Practical Blockchain & DLT</h3>
<p>Blockchain-based distributed ledger technology (DLT) processes and disseminates transaction events in a decentralized network. Our objective is to achieve the right balance of decentralization, consistency, and scalability to meet the requirements of important domains such as eHealth, IoT, and Smart Grids.
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<img src="images/pubsub.png" alt="Unified Pub/Sub Architecture" class="image featured" />
<h3>Expressive Publish/Subscribe</h3>
<p>
Modern applications (e.g. social networks, sensor networks) require advanced analytics over real-time streams of events. We strive to support these expressive features without compromising performance or scalability by integrating lightweight distributed processing techniques into the publish/subscribe communication substrate.
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<img src="images/games.png" alt="Interest Management" class="image featured" />
<h3>Networked Game Engines</h3>
<p>
Networked games require low-latency, reliable, and cheat-resistant communication between players. We aim to develop scalable infrastructures for highly-interactive online games. By leveraging game semantics, such as player profiles and the virtual environment, we can achieve the right trade-off between consistency and performance.
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<header id="team">
<h2 class="major"><span>Team</span></h2>
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<section>
<h4><b style="font-weight: bold">Principal Investigator</b></h4>
<img src="images/kz_photo.jpg" alt="Kaiwen Zhang Portrait" class="image left" width="150px" />
<p><a href="https://www.etsmtl.ca/en/research/professors/kzhang/">Kaiwen Zhang</a> is an Associate Professor in the Department of Software and IT Engineering at ÉTS Montréal (University of Québec). Previously, he was an Alexander von Humboldt postdoctoral fellow in Computer Science at the <a href="https://www.i13.in.tum.de/index.php?id=128">TU Munich</a> (2015-2017) and a member of the <a href="http://msrg.org/profiles/kzhang">Middleware Systems Research Group</a>. Dr. Zhang obtained his B.Sc. and M.Sc. at McGill University in Montréal and his Ph.D. at the University of Toronto. His research interests include blockchain technologies, publish/subscribe systems and federated learning. Dr. Zhang's expertise lies at the intersection of distributed systems, networking, and data management. His research is published in premier distributed systems conferences such as <a href="http://portal.core.edu.au/conf-ranks/1002/">IEEE ICDCS</a> and <a href="http://portal.core.edu.au/conf-ranks/79/">ACM Middleware</a>.</p>
<div>
<h4><b style="font-weight: bold">Faculty Members</b></h4>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li>Pr. <a href="https://www.etsmtl.ca/en/research/professors/agherbi">Abdelouahed Gherbi</a>: Computer System Architecture Research Laboratory.</li>
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<h4><b style="font-weight: bold">Research Associate Members</b></h4>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li>Dr. Hachem Bensalem, Ph.D.: Quantum random number generation for highly-secure cryptography applications. Co-supervised with Ghyslain Gagnon.</li>
<li>Dr. Zahra Batool, Ph.D.: Secure and Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning.</li>
<li>Dr. Mohamad Wazzeh, Ph.D.: Scalable Infrastructure for Decentralized Federated Learning. Co-supervised with Nadjia Kara.</li>
</l>
</div>
<div>
<h4><b style="font-weight: bold">Student Members</b></h4>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li>Soudabeh Fathollahnouri, Ph.D.: Federated Learning for Aircraft Engine Maintenance. Co-supervised with Michel Kadoch.</li>
<li>Nicolas Gagnon, Ph.D.: Blockchain-Cloud Integration.</li>
<li>Salar Ghazi, Ph.D.: Fast Matching for Multi-Server Federated Learning. Co-supervised with Mehdi Feizi.</li>
<li>Zeeshan Haider, Ph.D.: Cross-Shard Communication in Sharded Blockchains. Co-supervised with Marcos Assunção.</li>
<li>Mohammad-Amin Najaflou, Ph.D.: Reputation System for Decentralized Applications.</li>
<li>Muhammad KaleemUllah Khan, Ph.D.: Fair and Secure Federated Adversarial Training. Co-supervised with Chamseddine Talhi.</li>
<li>Tayyaba Noor, Ph.D.: QRNG Technologies for Robust and Secure Blockchain Systems.</li>
<li>Sion Israel Sion, Ph.D.: Composable Services for Decentralized Applications. Co-supervised with Alain April.</li>
<li>Rodrigue Tonga, Ph.D.: Security in Smart Contracts and Blockchain Systems. Co-supervised with Ulrich Aivodji.</li>
<li>Ala Chahtour, M.A.Sc.: Blockchain Solutions for Carbon Markets.</li>
<li>Aya Amdouni, M.A.Sc.: Security Analysis of Privacy-Enhancing Technologies for Federated Learning.</li>
<li>Ayoub Agrebi, M.A.Sc.: Secure and Auditable Notarial Platform.</li>
<li>Aysha Amin, M.A.Sc.: LLM for Detecting Smart Contract Vulnerabilities. Co-supervised by Camille Coti.</li>
<li>William Magnan, M.A.Sc.: Flexible Hardware Design for Blockchain Wallets. Co-supervised by Pascal Giard.</li>
<li>Muhammad Haris Masud. M.A.Sc.: Federated Transfer Learning for Adaptative Personalisation of Online Gaming Experiences. Co-supervised by Julien Gascon-Samson.</li>
<li>Haseeb Saeed, M.A.Sc.: Blockchain and TEE-based Privacy-Preserving Model in Smart Grids.</li>
</l>
</div>
<div>
<h4><b style="font-weight: bold">Former Members</b></h4>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li>(2026) Zeinab Alipanahloo, Ph.D.: Verifiable Federated Learning using Layer 2 Blockchains.</li>
<li>(2025) Joel Poncha Lemayian, Ph.D.: Hardware Acceleration for Blockchain Components. Co-supervised with Pascal Giard.</li>
<li>(2025) Thierry Fokou Toukam, M.A.Sc.: Stream Processing at the Edge for Transportation Scenarios. Co-supervised with Julien Gascon-Samson.</li>
<li>(2025) Shahin Zakizadeh, M.A.Sc.: Evaluating Layer 2 Scaling Solutions for Enhanced Blockchain Interoperability.</li>
<li>(2025) Antoine Douchet, M.Eng.: Delegated zk-SNARKs in Nova.</li>
<li>(2025) Eliot Terrier, M.Eng.: NFTs for Quantum Art Exhibit Visitors.</li>
<li>(2025) Patrick Quevillon, B.Sc.: QRNG Technlogies for Blockchain Applications.</li>
<li>(2024) Dr. Reza Nourmohammadi, Ph.D.: Towards Secure and Reliable Decentralized Machine Learning.</li>
<li>(2024) Zahra Batool, Ph.D.: Fair and Traceable Federated Learning. Co-supervised with Matthew Toews.</li>
<li>(2024) Muneem Shabir, Ph.D.: Hardware Technologies for Blockchains.</li>
<li>(2024) Oumayma Dekhil, M.A.Sc.: Mixing Service Detection for Bitcoin.</li>
<li>(2024) Sarra Fekih, M.A.Sc.: Traceability in Live Lobsters Supply Chains.</li>
<li>(2024) Mikaeel Mayeli, M.A.Sc.: Lightning Network Analysis and Data Collection.</li>
<li>(2024) Fatma Najjar, M.A.Sc.: Heuristics for Bitcoin Address Aggregation.</li>
<li>(2024) Kamyar Rostami, M.A.Sc.: Blockchain-Based Continuous Validation for Credentials.</li>
<li>(2024) Mohammadreza Sabramooz, M.A.Sc.: Towards Robust Federated Learning with Revocations and Adversial Training.</li>
<li>(2024) Aamar Shahzad, M.A.Sc.: Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning using CCF.</li>
<li>(2024) Amal Yousfi, M.A.Sc.: Applied Blockchain Technologies for Real Estate.</li>
<li>(2024) Steven Gourgue, M.Eng.: Interest Management for Mobile Games. Co-supervised with Julien Gascon-Samson.</li>
<li>(2024) Cheikh Ahmadou Mbacke Seck (UNCHK), M.Eng.: Analysis of Cryptocurrency Systems using Graph Databases.</li>
<li>(2024) Ayoub Agrebi (ENISo), B.Eng: Blockchain-Based Traceability in Biobanks</li>
<li>(2024) Paolo Grilly (CESI), B.Eng.: Decentralized Voting Platform using Blockchains</li>
<li>(2023) Dr. Syed Muhammad Danish: Blockchain for Energy Markets.</li>
<li>(2023) Dr. Yahya Shahsavari: Proof-of-Entropy Consensus of Quantum Blockchains.</li>
<li>(2023) Suhail Kandanur, Ph.D.: Large-Scale Dynamic Graph Processing and Event Notification. Co-supervised with Bettina Kemme.</li>
<li>(2023) Andrii Shulhin, Ph.D. (SUTE): Tech-Law Synergy: A Roadmap for Blockchain Regulatory Compliance.</li>
<li>(2023) Michael Duchesne, M.A.Sc.: Towards Practical Decentralized Machine Learning.</li>
<li>(2023) Gabriel Hardy, M.A.Sc.: Data Center Infrastructures for DLT. Co-supervised with Pascal Giard.</li>
<li>(2023) Mahtab Norouzi, M.A.Sc.: Honeypots Detection in Ethereum.</li>
<li>(2023) Sion Israel Sion, M.A.Sc.: Towards Service-Oriented Oracles for Blockchains. Co-supervised with Alain April.</li>
<li>(2023) Étienne Donneger, M.Eng.: Data Extraction for Public Blockchain Networks.</li>
<li>(2023) Sam Khosrowshahi, M.Eng.: Decentralized Social Networks using Lens Protocol.</li>
<li>(2023) Helwan Mandé, B.Eng.: Tokenization of physical arts.</li>
<li>(2023) Khalil Anis Zabat, B.Eng.: Tokenization of real estate markets.</li>
<li>(2023) Kshitij Jha (IIT Delhi), B.Eng.: Aggregation for Decentralized Machine Learning.</li>
<li>(2023) Aryan Shukla (IIT Jammu), B.Eng.: Aggregation for Decentralized Machine Learning.</li>
<li>(2022) Dr. Aamir Shahzad: Blockchain for Industry 4.0.</li>
<li>(2022) Reza Nourmohammadi, Ph.D.: Self-Tuning Blockchain Systems.</li>
<li>(2022) Yahya Shahsavari, Ph.D.: Performance Modeling, Analysis, and Tuning of Blockchain Networks. Co-supervised with Chamseddine Talhi.</li>
<li>(2022) Syed Muhammad Danish, Ph.D.: Middleware Services for Blockchain-IoT Applications. Co-supervised with Hans-Arno Jacobsen.</li>
<li>(2022) Rodrigue Tonga, M.A.Sc.: Online Platform for Data Security in the Energy Sector.</li>
<li>(2022) Aimene Akkouche, B.Sc. (Grenoble INP): Sustainable NFT Platform for Physical Arts.</li>
<li>(2022) Samuel Wake-Watson, B.Sc. (Durham): Layer 2 Scaling for PoW Blockchains.</li>
<li>(2021) Sardar Basiri, M.A.Sc.: Combat-Optimized Network Engine for Multiplayer Games. Co-supervised with Stéphane Coulombe.</li>
<li>(2021) Louis Chavez-Cléroux, M.Eng.: Key Distribution System Encryption for Secure International Transmissions. Co-supervised with Pascal Giard.</li>
<li>(2021) Eduardo Furtado, M.Eng.: Secure Electronic Voting.</li>
<li>(2021) Emna Hammemi, M.A.Sc.: Serverless Adapters for Decentralized Oracles. Co-supervised with Abdelouahed Gherbi.</li>
<li>(2021) Mario Munoz, M.A.Sc.: Chain of Custody Traceability using Smart Contracts. Co-supervised with Mustapha Ouhimmou.</li> <li>(2021) Subhasish Goswami, B.Eng. (TEZU): Modeling Blockchain Oracles.</li>
<li>(2021) Samin Sadri, M.A.Sc.: Blockchain-Driven Auditability in Health Information Systems.</li>
<li>(2021) Hrishabh Sharma, B.Eng. (SVNIT): Modeling the MVCC Problem in Hyperledger Fabric.</li>
<li>(2021) Devansh Swarup, B.Eng. (SRMIST): Decentralized Oracle Networks.</li>
<li>(2021) Helmi Trabelsi, M.A.Sc.: Reducing MVCC Conflicts in Hyperledger Fabric.</li>
<li>(2020) Thomas Maketa, Ph.D.: Consent-Driven Remittance over a Blockchain Network. Co-supervised with Alain April.</li>
<li>(2020) Wiem Badreddine, M.A.Sc.: Blockchain-Based Data Monetization for IoT. Co-supervised with Chamseddine Talhi. <b style="font-weight: bold; color: red">Best Master's Thesis Award</b>.</li>
<li>(2020) Alaa Eddine Chouchane, M.A.Sc.: Privacy-Compliant Data Collection using Blockchains. Co-supervised with Chamseddine Talhi.</li>
<li>(2020) Sonia Slimani, M.A.Sc.: Real-Time Ad Exchange using Latency-Aware Publish/Subscribe.</li>
<li>(2020) Shiquan Zhang, M.Sc. (McGill): Modeling Selfish Mining Games. Co-supervised with Bettina Kemme.</li>
<li>(2020) Jean-François Corriveau, B.Eng.: Tracking the Carbon Footprint of Merchandise Delivery. Co-supervised with Pascal Giard.</li>
<li>(2019) Jorge Choqueneira, M.Eng.: Cross-Currency Payments over the Ethereum Network.</li>
<li>(2019) Adrien Gasté, M.Eng.: Object Caching for Interactive Web Applications. Co-supervised with Julien Gascon-Samson.</li>
<li>(2019) Étienne Boudreault-Pilon, B.Eng.: Smart Contracts for Letter of Credit. Co-supervised with Mustapha Ouhimmou, Bora Ung.</li>
<li>(2019) Helmi Trabelsi, B.Sc. (Sup'Com): Data Tokenization using Hyperledger Fabric.</li>
<li>(2018) Jelena Pacic, M.Sc. (TUM): EVA - Electrical Vehicle Charging using Blockchains.
<a href="https://github.com/i13-msrg/EVA">Github</a>.</li>
<li>(2018) Daniel Sel, M.Sc. (TUM): Data Availability Problem in Sharded Ethereum.</li>
<li>(2018) Lyubomir-Leo Stoykov, M.Sc. (TUM): VIBES - Visualizing Interactive Blockchain Extended Simulations.
<a href="https://github.com/i13-msrg/vibes">Github</a>.</li>
<li>(2017) Shankar Mohan Sathya, M.Sc. (TUM): Benchmarking Industrial Big Data Systems.</li>
<li>(2017) Jingyi Wang, M.Sc. (TUM): CSAIM - Combat State-Aware Interest Management.
<a href="https://github.com/namelesswc/MMOnkey">Github</a>.</li>
<li>(2017) Nejc Zupan, M.Sc. (TUM): HyperPubSub - Federated Publish/Subscribe using Blockchains.</li>
</l>
</div>
<!--
<div>
<h4><b style="font-weight: bold">External Collaborators</b></h4>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li>Pr. <a href="https://www.chainedeblocs.chaire.ulaval.ca/">Charlaine Bouchard</a> (ULaval): Chair on smart contracts and blockchains.</li>
<li>Pr. <a href="https://www.eecg.utoronto.ca/~jacobsen/">Hans-Arno Jacobsen</a> (UofT): MSRG.</li>
<li>Pr. <a href="https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~kemme/">Bettina Kemme</a> (McGill): Distributed Information Systems Lab.</li>
<li>Pr. <a href="https://www.usherbrooke.ca/recherche/specialistes/details/luis.antonio.de.santa-eulalia">Luis Antonio de Santa Eulalia</a> (USherbrooke): intelliLab.</li>
<li>Pr. <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/alwaysgabi/">Young-Gab Kim</a> (Sejong): Security Engineering Laboratory.</li>
</l>
</div>
-->
</section>
<header id="publications">
<h2 class="major"><span>Selected Publications</span></h2>
</header>
<a href="http://espace2.etsmtl.ca/view/master_director/Zhang=3AKaiwen=3A=3A.html"><h4><b style="font-weight: bold">Full publication list @ Espace ÉTS</b></h4></a>
<section>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li><b style="font-weight: bold">HardVault: A Hybrid FPGA-based Ethereum-Bitcoin Cold Wallet</b><br>
Joel Poncha Lemayian, Ghyslain Gagnon, Kaiwen Zhang, Pascal Giard. <i>IEEE Transactions VLSI</i>.
</li>
<li><b style="font-weight: bold">Randomness in Blockchain: A Comprehensive Survey of Pseudo-Random Number Generation (PRNG) and Quantum Random Number Generation (QRNG)</b><br>
Tayyaba Noreen, M. Zeeshan Haider, Kaiwen Zhang, Hachem Bensalem, Ghyslain Gagnon. <i>ACM DLT</i>.
</li>
<li><b style="font-weight: bold">Mitigating MEV with Verifiable Randomness: A VRF-Seeded Fair Transaction Ordering Protocol</b><br>
Tayyaba Noreen, M. Zeeshan Haider, Kaiwen Zhang, Hachem Bensalem, Ghyslain Gagnon. <i>ACM SAC 2026</i>.
</li>
<li><b style="font-weight: bold">EthVault: A Secure and Resource-Conscious FPGA-Based Ethereum Cold Wallet</b><br>
Joel Poncha Lemayian, Ghyslain Gagnon, Kaiwen Zhang, Pascal Giard. <i>IET Blockchain</i>.
</li>
<li><b style="font-weight: bold">EVMx: An FPGA-Based Accelerator For Smart Contract Processing</b><br>
Joel Poncha Lemayian, Ghyslain Gagnon, Kaiwen Zhang, Pascal Giard. <i>IEEE Transactions VLSI</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Scaling Smart: A Rigorous Framework for Selecting Optimal Layer 2 Blockchain Solutions</b><br>
Shahin Zakizadeh, Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE Brains 2025</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">RzkFL: A Verifiable, Fast and Privacy-Preserving Framework for Federated Learning Inference Using Recursive Zero-Knowledge Proofs and on-Chain Verification</b><br>
Zeinab Alipanahloo, Michael Duchesne, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE Blockchain 2025</i>. Acceptance Rate: 26.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Transforming Biospecimen Management: A Roadmap for Integrated Sample Traceability in the Era of Global Research</b><br>
Sion Israel Sion, Trinh Nguyen-Phan, Mélissa Fortin, Anne-Marie Mes-Masson, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>Biopreservation and Biobanking</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">A Range-Based Sharding (RBS) Protocol for Scalable Enterprise Blockchain</b><br>
M. Zeeshan Haider, Marcos Dias de Assuncao, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2025</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">SoK: The Role of Zero-Knowledge Proofs in Building Confidential and Trustworthy AI</b><br>
Reza Nourmohammadi, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2025</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Privacy-Preserving Energy Trading: A TEE-Based Blockchain Solution Using Secret Network</b><br>
Haseeb Saeed, Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>ACM BSCI 2025</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">EVMx: An FPGA-Based Smart Contract Processing Unit</b><br>
Joel Poncha Lemayian, Pascal Giard, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BlockDLT 2025</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">BlockFed: A Novel Federated Learning Framework Based On Hierarchical Weighted Aggregation</b><br>
Reza Nourmohammadi, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>ACM DEBS 2025</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Qaas: hybrid cryptocurrency wallet-as-a-service based on Quantum RNG.</b><br>
Shabir, Muhammad Muneem, et al. <i>Springer Nature Cluster Computing</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Towards Efficient and Fine-Grained Traceability for a Live Lobster Supply Chain using Blockchain Technology</b><br>
Sarra Fekih Romdhane, Kaiwen Zhang and Luis Antonio De Santa-Eulalia. <i>ISM 2024</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Maximum Extractable Value (MEV) Mitigation Approaches in Ethereum and Layer-2 Chains: A Comprehensive Survey</b><br>
Zeinab Alipanahloo, Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE Access</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">FL-EGM: Decentralized Federated Learning using Aggregator Selection with Enhanced Global Model</b><br>
Muhammad KaleemUllah Khan, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>IEEE ICMLA 2024</i>. Acceptance Rate: 24.30%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">A Blockchain-Based Privacy-Preserving Charging Station Reservation and Payment Scheme for Electric Vehicles</b><br>
Syed Muhammad Danish, Muhammad Muneem Shabir, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen, Syed Ali Hassan. <i>ACM DLT</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">BlockFed: A Novel Federated Learning Framework Based On Hierarchical Aggregation</b><br>
Reza Nourmohammadi, Mohammadreza Sabramooz, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>IEEE BRAINS 2024</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Attention to Lightning Change: Utilizing BERTs to Detect Bitcoin Change Address with Lightning Network Information</b><br>
Mikaeel Mayeli, Rodrigue Tonga Naha, Oumayma Dekhil, Fatma Najjar, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BRAINS 2024</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">A Comprehensive Review of Multi-Chain Architecture for Blockchain Integration in Organizations</b><br>
Sion Israel Sion, Kaiwen Zhang, Alain April, Thomas Maketa. <i>BPM (Blockchain Forum) 2024</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Quantifying Fairness Granularity as a Fair Ordering Policy Towards MEV Mitigation for Rollups</b><br>
Zeinab Alipanalhoo, Kaiwen Zhang, Emmanuel Awosika. <i>IEEE Blockchains 2024</i>. Acceptance Rate: 18.89%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">BlockDEV: Blockchain-Based Decentralized Charging Service Provider Selection for Electric Vehicles</b><br>
Muhammad Muneem Shabir, Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE Blockchains 2024</i>. Acceptance Rate: 28.89%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Detecting Bitcoin CoinJoin Transactions Using Machine Learning</b><br>
Oumayma Dekhil, Rodrigue Tonga Naha, Mikaeel Mayeli, Fatma Najjar, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2024</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">ChameleonRev: A Novel Approach to Efficient and Granular Control Credential Revocation on the Blockchain</b><br>
Mohammadreza Sabramooz, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2024</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Cryptocurrencies Forensics With Real-Time Big Data Processing and Graph Database: a Comprehensive Review</b><br>
Rodrigue Tonga Naha, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2024</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Block-FeDL: Electric Vehicle Charging Load Forecasting using Federated Learning and Blockchain</b><br>
Syed Muhammad Danish, Aroosa Hameed, Ali Ranjha, Gautam Srivastava, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Blockchain for Energy Credits and Certificates: A Comprehensive Review</b><br>
Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang, Fatima Amara, Juan Carlos Oviedo Cepeda, Luis Fernando Rueda Vasquez, Tom Marynowski. <i>IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Multi-Confederated Learning: Inclusive Non-IID Data handling with Decentralized Federated Learning</b><br>
Michael Duchesne, Kaiwen Zhang, Talhi Chamseddine. <i>ACM SAC 2024</i>. Acceptance rate: 24.1%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Change Address Detection in Bitcoin using Hierarchical Clustering</b><br>
Fatma Najjar, Rodrigue Tonga Naha, Mikaeil Mayeli Feridani, Oumayma Dekhil, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE WF-PST 2024</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Block-RACS: Towards Reputation-Aware Client Selection and Monetization Mechanism for Federated Learning</b><br>
Zahra Batool, Kaiwen Zhang, Matthew Toews. <i>ACM SIGAPP Applied Computing Review</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">B-ROSCA: A smart contract-based selection of ROSCA communities using collateral</b><br>
Zahra Batool, Sion Israel Sion, Rodrigue Tonga Naha, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE DAPPS 2023</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Towards Citizen-Centric Services using Blockchain-Powered Digitalization of Public Sector Processes</b><br>
Sion Israel Sion, Kaiwen Zhang, Alain April. <i>IEEE BCCA 2023</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Qwallet: A Hybrid Cryptocurrency Wallet using Quantum RNG</b><br>
Muhammad Muneem Shabir, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2023</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">The Greed Trap: Uncovering Intrinsic Ethereum Honeypots through Symbolic Execution</b><br>
Mahtab Norouzi, Mounir Elgharabawy, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2023</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">BlockQoS: Fair Monetization of On-Demand Quality-of-Service using Blockchains</b><br>
Muhammad Muneem Shabir, Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>ACM DLT</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">An On-Chain Governance Model Based on Particle Swarm Optimization for Reducing Blockchain Forks</b><br>
Reza Nourmohammadi, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE Access</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Sharding and Its Impact on Fork Probability</b><br>
Reza Nourmohammadi, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE iGETblockchain 2022</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Block-FeST: A Blockchain-Based Federated Anomaly Detection Framework With Computation Offloading Using Transformers</b><br>
Zahra Batool, Kaiwen Zhang, Zhongwen Zhu, Sarang Aravamuthan, Ulrich Aïvodji. <i>IEEE iGETblockchain 2022</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Modeling the Fork Probability of Blockchains: Did EIP-1559 Improve Ethereum?</b><br>
Reza Nourmohammadi, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2022</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Performance modeling and analysis of a blockchain with a Hotstuff consensus mechanism</b><br>
Yahya Shahsavari, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>IEEE BCCA 2022</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Towards a middleware design for efficient blockchain oracles selection</b><br>
Subhasish Goswami, Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE BCCA 2022</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Pupa: Smart Contracts for BPMN with Time-Dependent Events and Inclusive Gateways</b><br>
Rodrigue Tonga Naha, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>BPM 2022 (Blockchain Forum)</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Evaluating the Impact of Relay Nodes on Decentralization for the Bitcoin Blockchain Network</b><br>
Yahya Shahsavari, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>Frontiers in Blockchain</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">FL-MAB: Client Selection and Monetization for Blockchain-Based Federated Learning</b><br>
Zahra Batool, Kaiwen Zhang, Matthew Toews. <i>ACM SAC 2022</i>. Acceptance rate: 22.29%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Zipzap: A blockchain solution for local energy trading</b><br>
Mario Munoz, Kaiwen Zhang, Fatima Amara. <i>IEEE ICBC 2022</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Early Detection for Multiversion Concurrency Control Conflicts in Hyperledger Fabric</b><br>
Helmi Trabelsi, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>IEEE Crypto Valley Conference 2021</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">BlockAIM: A Neural Network-Based Intelligent Middleware For Large-Scale IoT Data Placement Decisions</b><br>
Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">LogLog: A Blockchain Solution for Tracking and Certifying Wood Volumes</b><br>
Mario Munoz, Aamir Shahzad, Kaiwen Zhang, Mustapha Ouhimmou. <i>IEEE ICBC 2021</i>. Acceptance rate: 18.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Privacy-Preserving Smart Grid Traceability using Blockchain over IoT Connectivity</b><br>
Aamir Shahzad, Kaiwen Zhang, Abdelouahed Gherbi. <i>ACM SAC 2021</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">BlockEV: Efficient and Secure Charging Station Selection for Electric Vehicles</b><br>
Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen, Nouman Ashraf, Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi. <i>IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Analysing the Benefit of Selfish Mining with Multiple Players</b><br>
Shiquan Zhang, Kaiwen Zhang, Bettina Kemme. <i>IEEE Blockchain 2020</i>. Acceptance rate: 16.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">On Delivery Guarantees in Distributed Content-Based Publish/Subscribe Systems</b><br>
Pooya Salehi, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>ACM Middleware 2020</i>. Acceptance rate: 25.2%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Selective Auctioning using Publish/Subscribe for Real-Time Bidding</b><br>
Sonia Slimani, Kaiwen Zhang. <i>WEBIST 2020</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Intuitive Development to Examine Collaborative IoT Supply Chain System Underlying Privacy and Security Levels and Perspective Powering through Proactive Blockchain</b><br>
Aamir Shahzad, Kaiwen Zhang, Abdelouahed Gherbi. <i>MDPI Sensors</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">A Theoretical Model for Block Propagation Analysis in Bitcoin Network</b><br>
Yahya Shahsavari, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Monetization using Blockchains for IoT Data Marketplace</b><br>
Wiem Badreddine, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>IEEE ICBC 2020</i>. Acceptance rate: 22.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Securing the LoRaWAN Join Procedure using Blockchains</b><br>
Syed Muhammad Danish, Marios Lestas, Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi, Kaiwen Zhang, Waqar Asif, Muttukrishnan Rajarajan. <i>Springer Cluster Computing Journal</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">BlockAM: An Adaptive Middleware for Intelligent Data Storage Selection for Internet of Things</b><br>
Syed Muhammad Danish, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>IEEE DAPPS 2020</i>. Acceptance rate: 13.6%. <b style="font-weight: bold; color: red">Best Paper Award</b>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Linearize, Predict and Place: Minimizing the Makespan for Edge-based Stream Processing of Directed Acyclic Graphs</b><br>
Shweta Khare, Hongyang Sun, Julien Gascon-Samson, Kaiwen Zhang, Yogesh Barve, Anirban Bhattacharjee, Aniruddha Gokhale, Xenofon Koutsoukos. <i>IEEE/ACM SEC 2019</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">A Theoretical Model for Fork Analysis in the Bitcoin Network.</b><br>
Yahya Shahsavari, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>IEEE BLOCKCHAIN 2019</i>. Acceptance rate: 25.9%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Performance Modeling and Analysis of the Bitcoin Inventory Protocol.</b><br>
Yahya Shahsavari, Kaiwen Zhang, Chamseddine Talhi. <i>IEEE DAPPCON 2019</i>. Acceptance rate: 21.8%. <b style="font-weight: bold; color: red">Best Paper Award</b>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Scalable Edge Computing Architectures for Low Latency Data Dissemination in Topic-based Publish/Subscribe.</b><br>
Shweta Khare, Hongyang Sun, Kaiwen Zhang, Julien Gascon-Samson, Aniruddha Gokhale, Xenofon Koutsoukos. <i>IEEE/ACM SEC 2018</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Multi-client Transactions in Distributed Publish/Subscribe Systems.</b><br>
Martin Jergler, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>IEEE ICDCS 2018</i>. Acceptance rate: 20.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Towards Dependable, Scalable, and Pervasive Distributed Ledgers with Blockchains.</b><br>
Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>IEEE ICDCS 2018</i>. Slides: <a href="files/bc-icdcs.pdf">PDF</a>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">PopSub: Improving Resource Utilization in Distributed Content-based Publish/Subscribe Systems.</b><br>
Pooya Salehi, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>ACM DEBS 2017</i>. Acceptance rate: 23.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Incremental Topology Transformation for Publish/Subscribe Systems Using Integer Programming.</b><br>
Pooya Salehi, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>IEEE ICDCS 2017</i>. Acceptance rate: 16.9%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Efficient covering for top-k filtering in content-based publish/subscribe systems.</b><br>
Kaiwen Zhang, Mohammad Sadoghi, Vinod Muthusamy, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>ACM Middleware 2017</i>. Acceptance rate: 24.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Shared dictionary compression in publish/subscribe systems.</b><br>
Christoph Doblander, Tanuj Ghinaiya, Kaiwen Zhang, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>ACM DEBS 2016</i>.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Minimizing the Communication Cost of Aggregation in Publish/Subscribe Systems.</b><br>
Navneet Kumar Pandey, Kaiwen Zhang, Stéphane Weiss, Hans-Arno Jacobsen, Roman Vitenberg. <i>IEEE ICDCS 2015</i>. Acceptance rate: 13.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Publish/Subscribe Network Designs for Multiplayer Games.</b><br>
César Cañas, Kaiwen Zhang, Bettina Kemme, Jörg Kienzle, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>ACM Middleware 2014</i>. Acceptance rate: 18.75%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Distributed Event Aggregation for Content-based Publish/Subscribe Systems.</b><br>
Navneet Kumar Pandey, Kaiwen Zhang, Stéphane Weiss, Hans-Arno Jacobsen, Roman Vitenberg. <i>ACM DEBS 2014</i>. Acceptance rate: 9.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Distributed Ranked Data Dissemination in Social Networks.</b><br>
Kaiwen Zhang, Mohammad Sadoghi, Vinod Muthusamy, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>IEEE ICDCS 2013</i>. Acceptance rate: 13.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Total Order in Content-based Publish/Subscribe Systems.</b><br>
Kaiwen Zhang, Vinod Muthusamy, Hans-Arno Jacobsen. <i>IEEE ICDCS 2012</i>. Acceptance rate: 13.0%.
</li>
<li>
<b style="font-weight: bold">Transaction Models for Massively Multiplayer Online Games.</b><br>
Kaiwen Zhang, Bettina Kemme. <i>IEEE SRDS 2011</i>.
</li>
</l>
</section>
<header id="service">
<h2 class="major"><span>Selected Professional Service (of the PI)</span></h2>
</header>
<section>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li>Steering Committee Chair for <a href="http://ieeedapps.net/">IEEE DAPPS</a>.</li>
<li>Steering Committee Member for <a href="https://middleware-conf.github.io/">ACM Middleware</a>.</li>
<li>PC Co-Chair for <a href="http://ieeedapps.net/">IEEE DAPPS 2022</a>.</li>
<li>General Co-Chair for <a href="http://ieeedapps.net/">IEEE DAPPS 2023-25</a>.</li>
<li>General Co-Chair for <a href="https://2022.middleware-conference.org/">ACM Middleware 2022</a>.</li>
<li>General Co-Chair for <a href="https://2021.middleware-conference.org/">ACM Middleware 2021</a>.</li>
<li>General Co-Chair for <a href="https://2020.debs.org/">ACM DEBS 2020</a>.</li>
<li>Program Committee Area Chair for <a href="https://ieee-icde.org/2025/">IEEE ICDE 2025</a>.</li>
<li>Workshop Co-Chair for <a href="https://middleware-conf.github.io/2025/">ACM Middleware 2025</a>.</li>
<li>Proceedings Chair for ACM Middleware 2019.</li>
<li>Posters & Demos Co-Chair for ACM DEBS 2017, 2019.</li>
<li>Doctor Symposium Co-Chair for ACM DEBS 2018.</li>
<li>Workshop Chair for <a href="https://blockchain-conf.github.io/">Blockchains and DLTs</a>, SACMAT 2019.</li>
<li>Committee Member for CAC/ISO/TC307: Blockchain and electronic distributed ledger technologies (SCC).</li>
<li>Committee Member for Alberta Security Commission: Technology & Innovation Advisory Committee (TIAC) Meeting.</li>
</l>
</section>
<header id="teaching">
<h2 class="major"><span>Courses Offered</span></h2>
</header>
<section>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li><a href="https://planets.etsmtl.ca/Public/Generalites.aspx?session=20252&sigle=MGL850&groupe=00">MGL850: Applications et systèmes décentralisé</a>. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PP_1yW2K57I&list=PL5wVPaaWqAgpvQrHOAD5wzewtewYGSaLY">YouTube Playlist</a>.</li>
<li><a href="https://planets.etsmtl.ca/public/Versionpdf.aspx?session=20222&sigle=LOG736&groupe=00">LOG736: Fondements des systèmes distribués</a>. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-AQl3rh_YM&list=PL5wVPaaWqAgrYPrZez1kXMkxaYmWzbUWw">YouTube Playlist</a>.</li>
<li><a href="https://planets.etsmtl.ca/Public/Generalites.aspx?session=20252&sigle=LOG721&groupe=00">LOG721: Intergiciels pour applications distribués</a>. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otcoGX_Mc1Q&list=PL5wVPaaWqAgq57QGKACqJ5lHrRo9GN0rq">YouTube Playlist</a>.</li>
</l>
</section>
<header id="positions">
<h2 class="major"><span>Join our group</span></h2>
</header>
<section>
<p>We are looking for highly motivated students interested in systems research. Our research focuses mostly on industrial use cases, formulating theoretical problems based on practical applications, designing and implementing solutions, and evaluating them in a system testbed. Note that while classes are given in French at ÉTS, it is possible to conduct research and write the thesis in English or French. Classes may also be taken at other universities, including English-speaking ones. For more information on the graduate programs, please consult the <a href="https://www.etsmtl.ca/en/Research/Graduate-studies-and-research/Study-Research-Programs">ÉTS website</a>. If interested, please send your CV and a statement of research interests to Dr. <a href="https://www.etsmtl.ca/en/research/professors/kzhang/">Kaiwen Zhang</a>.</p>
<!-- <h4><b style="font-weight: bold">Current openings</b></h4>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li>General position openings: <a href="files/projets.pdf">PDF</a>.</li>
</l> -->
</section>
</article>
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