chore(repo): Add Claude Code settings with basic permissions #6596

Job	Run time
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-webflux-jakarta, false, true)	8m 6s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-jakarta, false, true)	10m 45s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring, false, true)	7m 43s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-webflux, false, true)	8m 29s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-jakarta-opentelemetry-noagent, false, true)	10m 23s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-jakarta-opentelemetry, true, true)	11m 23s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-opentelemetry, true, true)	10m 28s
system-test (sentry-samples-log4j2, false, true)	7m 54s
system-test (sentry-samples-logback, false, true)	5m 10s
system-test (sentry-samples-console, false, true)	5m 14s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-7, false, true)	8m 12s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot, false, true)	9m 15s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-jakarta-opentelemetry, true, false)	9m 57s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-opentelemetry-noagent, false, true)	10m 22s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-opentelemetry, true, false)	10m 3s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-jakarta, false, true)	6m 13s
system-test (sentry-samples-jul, false, true)	4m 50s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-4-opentelemetry, true, true)	10m 53s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-4-opentelemetry, true, false)	11m 7s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-4-webflux, false, true)	9m 11s
system-test (sentry-samples-spring-boot-4, false, true)	10m 18s
	3h 5m 56s

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