fix(spring-jakarta): Guard entire span lifecycle in Kafka producer interceptor

Wrap all span operations (startChild, setData, injectHeaders, finish)
in a single try-catch so instrumentation can never break the customer's
Kafka send. The record is always returned regardless of any exception
in Sentry code.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: adinauer

sentry-spring-jakarta/src/main/java/io/sentry/spring/jakarta/kafka/SentryProducerInterceptor.java

@@ -53,25 +53,26 @@ public SentryProducerInterceptor(final @NotNull IScopes scopes) {
       return record;
     }
 
-    final @NotNull SpanOptions spanOptions = new SpanOptions();
-    spanOptions.setOrigin(TRACE_ORIGIN);
-    final @NotNull ISpan span = activeSpan.startChild("queue.publish", record.topic(), spanOptions);
-    if (span.isNoOp()) {
-      return record;
-    }
+    try {
+      final @NotNull SpanOptions spanOptions = new SpanOptions();
+      spanOptions.setOrigin(TRACE_ORIGIN);
+      final @NotNull ISpan span =
+          activeSpan.startChild("queue.publish", record.topic(), spanOptions);
+      if (span.isNoOp()) {
+        return record;
+      }
 
-    span.setData(SpanDataConvention.MESSAGING_SYSTEM, "kafka");
-    span.setData(SpanDataConvention.MESSAGING_DESTINATION_NAME, record.topic());
+      span.setData(SpanDataConvention.MESSAGING_SYSTEM, "kafka");
+      span.setData(SpanDataConvention.MESSAGING_DESTINATION_NAME, record.topic());
 
-    try {
       injectHeaders(record.headers(), span);
+
+      span.setStatus(SpanStatus.OK);
+      span.finish();
     } catch (Throwable ignored) {
-      // Header injection must not break the send
+      // Instrumentation must never break the customer's Kafka send
     }
 
-    span.setStatus(SpanStatus.OK);
-    span.finish();
-
     return record;
   }