test(profiling): Add unit test for PerfettoContinuousProfiler rate limiting

Verify that onRateLimitChanged stops the profiler, resets profiler/chunk
IDs, and logs the expected warning.

Run with:
  ./gradlew :sentry-android-core:testDebugUnitTest --tests "io.sentry.android.core.PerfettoContinuousProfilerTest"

Author: 43jay

sentry-android-core/src/test/java/io/sentry/android/core/PerfettoContinuousProfilerTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package io.sentry.android.core
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.os.Build
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import io.sentry.DataCategory
+import io.sentry.ILogger
+import io.sentry.IScopes
+import io.sentry.ProfileLifecycle
+import io.sentry.Sentry
+import io.sentry.SentryLevel
+import io.sentry.TracesSampler
+import io.sentry.protocol.SentryId
+import io.sentry.test.DeferredExecutorService
+import io.sentry.transport.RateLimiter
+import kotlin.test.AfterTest
+import kotlin.test.BeforeTest
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.assertFalse
+import kotlin.test.assertTrue
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.Mockito.mockStatic
+import org.mockito.kotlin.any
+import org.mockito.kotlin.eq
+import org.mockito.kotlin.mock
+import org.mockito.kotlin.spy
+import org.mockito.kotlin.verify
+import org.mockito.kotlin.whenever
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+class PerfettoContinuousProfilerTest {
+  private lateinit var context: Context
+  private val fixture = Fixture()
+
+  private class Fixture {
+    private val mockDsn = "http://key@localhost/proj"
+    val buildInfo =
+      mock<BuildInfoProvider> {
+        whenever(it.sdkInfoVersion).thenReturn(Build.VERSION_CODES.VANILLA_ICE_CREAM)
+      }
+    val executor = DeferredExecutorService()
+    val mockedSentry = mockStatic(Sentry::class.java)
+    val mockLogger = mock<ILogger>()
+    val mockTracesSampler = mock<TracesSampler>()
+    val mockPerfettoProfiler = mock<PerfettoProfiler>()
+
+    val scopes: IScopes = mock()
+
+    val options =
+      spy(SentryAndroidOptions()).apply {
+        dsn = mockDsn
+        profilesSampleRate = 1.0
+        isDebug = true
+        setLogger(mockLogger)
+      }
+
+    init {
+      whenever(mockTracesSampler.sampleSessionProfile(any())).thenReturn(true)
+      whenever(mockPerfettoProfiler.start(any())).thenReturn(
+        AndroidProfiler.ProfileStartData(
+          System.nanoTime(),
+          0L,
+          io.sentry.DateUtils.getCurrentDateTime(),
+        ),
+      )
+    }
+
+    fun getSut(): PerfettoContinuousProfiler {
+      options.executorService = executor
+      whenever(scopes.options).thenReturn(options)
+      return PerfettoContinuousProfiler(
+        buildInfo,
+        mockLogger,
+        { options.executorService },
+        { mockPerfettoProfiler },
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  @BeforeTest
+  fun `set up`() {
+    context = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext()
+    Sentry.setCurrentScopes(fixture.scopes)
+    fixture.mockedSentry.`when`<Any> { Sentry.getCurrentScopes() }.thenReturn(fixture.scopes)
+  }
+
+  @AfterTest
+  fun clear() {
+    fixture.mockedSentry.close()
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun `profiler stops when rate limited`() {
+    val profiler = fixture.getSut()
+    val rateLimiter = mock<RateLimiter>()
+    whenever(rateLimiter.isActiveForCategory(DataCategory.ProfileChunkUi)).thenReturn(true)
+
+    profiler.startProfiler(ProfileLifecycle.MANUAL, fixture.mockTracesSampler)
+    assertTrue(profiler.isRunning)
+
+    profiler.onRateLimitChanged(rateLimiter)
+    assertFalse(profiler.isRunning)
+    assertEquals(SentryId.EMPTY_ID, profiler.profilerId)
+    assertEquals(SentryId.EMPTY_ID, profiler.chunkId)
+    verify(fixture.mockLogger)
+      .log(eq(SentryLevel.WARNING), eq("SDK is rate limited. Stopping profiler."))
+  }
+}