tracing_utils.py

import contextlib
import functools
import inspect
import os
import re
import sys
import warnings
from collections.abc import Mapping, MutableMapping
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
from random import Random
from urllib.parse import quote, unquote
import uuid

try:
    from re import Pattern
except ImportError:
    # 3.6
    from typing import Pattern

import sentry_sdk
from sentry_sdk.consts import OP, SPANDATA, SPANSTATUS, SPANTEMPLATE
from sentry_sdk.utils import (
    capture_internal_exceptions,
    filename_for_module,
    logger,
    match_regex_list,
    qualname_from_function,
    safe_repr,
    to_string,
    try_convert,
    is_sentry_url,
    is_valid_sample_rate,
    _is_external_source,
    _is_in_project_root,
    _module_in_list,
)
from sentry_sdk.tracing import Span as LegacySpan

from typing import TYPE_CHECKING

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from typing import Any
    from typing import Dict
    from typing import Generator
    from typing import Optional
    from typing import Union
    from typing import Iterator
    from typing import Tuple

    from types import FrameType

    from sentry_sdk._types import Attributes


SENTRY_TRACE_REGEX = re.compile(
    "^[ \t]*"  # whitespace
    "([0-9a-f]{32})?"  # trace_id
    "-?([0-9a-f]{16})?"  # span_id
    "-?([01])?"  # sampled
    "[ \t]*$"  # whitespace
)


# This is a normal base64 regex, modified to reflect that fact that we strip the
# trailing = or == off
base64_stripped = (
    # any of the characters in the base64 "alphabet", in multiples of 4
    "([a-zA-Z0-9+/]{4})*"
    # either nothing or 2 or 3 base64-alphabet characters (see
    # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64#Decoding_Base64_without_padding for
    # why there's never only 1 extra character)
    "([a-zA-Z0-9+/]{2,3})?"
)


class EnvironHeaders(Mapping):  # type: ignore
    def __init__(
        self,
        environ: "Mapping[str, str]",
        prefix: str = "HTTP_",
    ) -> None:
        self.environ = environ
        self.prefix = prefix

    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> "Optional[Any]":
        return self.environ[self.prefix + key.replace("-", "_").upper()]

    def __len__(self) -> int:
        return sum(1 for _ in iter(self))

    def __iter__(self) -> "Generator[str, None, None]":
        for k in self.environ:
            if not isinstance(k, str):
                continue

            k = k.replace("-", "_").upper()
            if not k.startswith(self.prefix):
                continue

            yield k[len(self.prefix) :]


def has_tracing_enabled(options: "Optional[Dict[str, Any]]") -> bool:
    """
    Returns True if either traces_sample_rate or traces_sampler is
    defined and enable_tracing is set and not false.
    """
    if options is None:
        return False

    return bool(
        options.get("enable_tracing") is not False
        and (
            options.get("traces_sample_rate") is not None
            or options.get("traces_sampler") is not None
        )
    )


def has_span_streaming_enabled(options: "Optional[dict[str, Any]]") -> bool:
    if options is None:
        return False

    return (options.get("_experiments") or {}).get("trace_lifecycle") == "stream"


@contextlib.contextmanager
def record_sql_queries(
    cursor: "Any",
    query: "Any",
    params_list: "Any",
    paramstyle: "Optional[str]",
    executemany: bool,
    record_cursor_repr: bool = False,
    span_origin: str = "manual",
) -> "Generator[sentry_sdk.tracing.Span, None, None]":
    # TODO: Bring back capturing of params by default
    client = sentry_sdk.get_client()
    if client.options["_experiments"].get("record_sql_params", False):
        if not params_list or params_list == [None]:
            params_list = None

        if paramstyle == "pyformat":
            paramstyle = "format"
    else:
        params_list = None
        paramstyle = None

    query = _format_sql(cursor, query)

    data = {}
    if params_list is not None:
        data["db.params"] = params_list
    if paramstyle is not None:
        data["db.paramstyle"] = paramstyle
    if executemany:
        data["db.executemany"] = True
    if record_cursor_repr and cursor is not None:
        data["db.cursor"] = cursor

    with capture_internal_exceptions():
        sentry_sdk.add_breadcrumb(message=query, category="query", data=data)

    if has_span_streaming_enabled(client.options):
        with sentry_sdk.traces.start_span(
            name=query,
            attributes={
                "sentry.origin": span_origin,
                "sentry.op": OP.DB,
            },
        ) as span:
            for k, v in data.items():
                span.set_attribute(k, v)
            yield span
    else:
        with sentry_sdk.start_span(
            op=OP.DB,
            name=query,
            origin=span_origin,
        ) as span:
            for k, v in data.items():
                span.set_data(k, v)
            yield span


def maybe_create_breadcrumbs_from_span(
    scope: "sentry_sdk.Scope", span: "sentry_sdk.tracing.Span"
) -> None:
    if span.op == OP.DB_REDIS:
        scope.add_breadcrumb(
            message=span.description, type="redis", category="redis", data=span._tags
        )

    elif span.op == OP.HTTP_CLIENT:
        level = None
        status_code = span._data.get(SPANDATA.HTTP_STATUS_CODE)
        if status_code:
            if 500 <= status_code <= 599:
                level = "error"
            elif 400 <= status_code <= 499:
                level = "warning"

        if level:
            scope.add_breadcrumb(
                type="http", category="httplib", data=span._data, level=level
            )
        else:
            scope.add_breadcrumb(type="http", category="httplib", data=span._data)

    elif span.op == "subprocess":
        scope.add_breadcrumb(
            type="subprocess",
            category="subprocess",
            message=span.description,
            data=span._data,
        )


def _get_frame_module_abs_path(frame: "FrameType") -> "Optional[str]":
    try:
        return frame.f_code.co_filename
    except Exception:
        return None


def _should_be_included(
    is_sentry_sdk_frame: bool,
    namespace: "Optional[str]",
    in_app_include: "Optional[list[str]]",
    in_app_exclude: "Optional[list[str]]",
    abs_path: "Optional[str]",
    project_root: "Optional[str]",
) -> bool:
    # in_app_include takes precedence over in_app_exclude
    should_be_included = _module_in_list(namespace, in_app_include)
    should_be_excluded = _is_external_source(abs_path) or _module_in_list(
        namespace, in_app_exclude
    )
    return not is_sentry_sdk_frame and (
        should_be_included
        or (_is_in_project_root(abs_path, project_root) and not should_be_excluded)
    )


def add_source(
    span: "Union[sentry_sdk.tracing.Span, sentry_sdk.traces.StreamedSpan]",
    project_root: "Optional[str]",
    in_app_include: "Optional[list[str]]",
    in_app_exclude: "Optional[list[str]]",
) -> None:
    """
    Adds OTel compatible source code information to the span
    """
    # Find the correct frame
    frame: "Union[FrameType, None]" = sys._getframe()
    while frame is not None:
        abs_path = _get_frame_module_abs_path(frame)

        try:
            namespace: "Optional[str]" = frame.f_globals.get("__name__")
        except Exception:
            namespace = None

        is_sentry_sdk_frame = namespace is not None and namespace.startswith(
            "sentry_sdk."
        )

        should_be_included = _should_be_included(
            is_sentry_sdk_frame=is_sentry_sdk_frame,
            namespace=namespace,
            in_app_include=in_app_include,
            in_app_exclude=in_app_exclude,
            abs_path=abs_path,
            project_root=project_root,
        )
        if should_be_included:
            break

        frame = frame.f_back
    else:
        frame = None

    # Set the data
    if frame is not None:
        try:
            lineno = frame.f_lineno
        except Exception:
            lineno = None
        if lineno is not None:
            if isinstance(span, LegacySpan):
                span.set_data(SPANDATA.CODE_LINENO, lineno)
            else:
                span.set_attribute("code.line.number", lineno)

        try:
            namespace = frame.f_globals.get("__name__")
        except Exception:
            namespace = None
        if namespace is not None and isinstance(span, LegacySpan):
            span.set_data(SPANDATA.CODE_NAMESPACE, namespace)

        filepath = _get_frame_module_abs_path(frame)
        if filepath is not None:
            if namespace is not None:
                in_app_path = filename_for_module(namespace, filepath)
            elif project_root is not None and filepath.startswith(project_root):
                in_app_path = filepath.replace(project_root, "").lstrip(os.sep)
            else:
                in_app_path = filepath

            if isinstance(span, LegacySpan):
                span.set_data(SPANDATA.CODE_FILEPATH, in_app_path)
            else:
                if in_app_path is not None:
                    span.set_attribute("code.file.path", in_app_path)

        try:
            code_function = frame.f_code.co_name
        except Exception:
            code_function = None

        if code_function is not None:
            if isinstance(span, LegacySpan):
                span.set_data(SPANDATA.CODE_FUNCTION, frame.f_code.co_name)
            else:
                span.set_attribute("code.function.name", frame.f_code.co_name)


def add_query_source(span: "sentry_sdk.tracing.Span") -> None:
    """
    Adds OTel compatible source code information to a database query span
    """
    client = sentry_sdk.get_client()
    if not client.is_active():
        return

    if span.timestamp is None or span.start_timestamp is None:
        return

    should_add_query_source = client.options.get("enable_db_query_source", True)
    if not should_add_query_source:
        return

    duration = span.timestamp - span.start_timestamp
    threshold = client.options.get("db_query_source_threshold_ms", 0)
    slow_query = duration / timedelta(milliseconds=1) > threshold

    if not slow_query:
        return

    add_source(
        span=span,
        project_root=client.options["project_root"],
        in_app_include=client.options.get("in_app_include"),
        in_app_exclude=client.options.get("in_app_exclude"),
    )


def add_http_request_source(
    span: "Union[sentry_sdk.tracing.Span, sentry_sdk.traces.StreamedSpan]",
) -> None:
    """
    Adds OTel compatible source code information to a span for an outgoing HTTP request
    """
    client = sentry_sdk.get_client()

    if isinstance(span, LegacySpan):
        if not client.is_active():
            return

        # In the StreamedSpan case, we need to add the extra span information before
        # the span finishes, so it's expected that this will be None. In the LegacySpan case,
        # it should already be finished.
        if span.timestamp is None:
            return

    if span.start_timestamp is None:
        return

    should_add_request_source = client.options.get("enable_http_request_source", True)
    if not should_add_request_source:
        return

    end_timestamp = (
        datetime.now(timezone.utc) if span.timestamp is None else span.timestamp
    )

    duration = end_timestamp - span.start_timestamp
    threshold = client.options.get("http_request_source_threshold_ms", 0)
    slow_query = duration / timedelta(milliseconds=1) > threshold

    if not slow_query:
        return

    add_source(
        span=span,
        project_root=client.options["project_root"],
        in_app_include=client.options.get("in_app_include"),
        in_app_exclude=client.options.get("in_app_exclude"),
    )


def extract_sentrytrace_data(
    header: "Optional[str]",
) -> "Optional[Dict[str, Union[str, bool, None]]]":
    """
    Given a `sentry-trace` header string, return a dictionary of data.
    """
    if not header:
        return None

    if header.startswith("00-") and header.endswith("-00"):
        header = header[3:-3]

    match = SENTRY_TRACE_REGEX.match(header)
    if not match:
        return None

    trace_id, parent_span_id, sampled_str = match.groups()
    parent_sampled = None

    if trace_id:
        trace_id = "{:032x}".format(int(trace_id, 16))
    if parent_span_id:
        parent_span_id = "{:016x}".format(int(parent_span_id, 16))
    if sampled_str:
        parent_sampled = sampled_str != "0"

    return {
        "trace_id": trace_id,
        "parent_span_id": parent_span_id,
        "parent_sampled": parent_sampled,
    }


def _format_sql(cursor: "Any", sql: str) -> "Optional[str]":
    real_sql = None

    # If we're using psycopg2, it could be that we're
    # looking at a query that uses Composed objects. Use psycopg2's mogrify
    # function to format the query. We lose per-parameter trimming but gain
    # accuracy in formatting.
    try:
        if hasattr(cursor, "mogrify"):
            real_sql = cursor.mogrify(sql)
            if isinstance(real_sql, bytes):
                real_sql = real_sql.decode(cursor.connection.encoding)
    except Exception:
        real_sql = None

    return real_sql or to_string(sql)


class PropagationContext:
    """
    The PropagationContext represents the data of a trace in Sentry.
    """

    __slots__ = (
        "_trace_id",
        "_span_id",
        "parent_span_id",
        "parent_sampled",
        "baggage",
        "custom_sampling_context",
    )

    def __init__(
        self,
        trace_id: "Optional[str]" = None,
        span_id: "Optional[str]" = None,
        parent_span_id: "Optional[str]" = None,
        parent_sampled: "Optional[bool]" = None,
        dynamic_sampling_context: "Optional[Dict[str, str]]" = None,
        baggage: "Optional[Baggage]" = None,
    ) -> None:
        self._trace_id = trace_id
        """The trace id of the Sentry trace."""

        self._span_id = span_id
        """The span id of the currently executing span."""

        self.parent_span_id = parent_span_id
        """The id of the parent span that started this span.
        The parent span could also be a span in an upstream service."""

        self.parent_sampled = parent_sampled
        """Boolean indicator if the parent span was sampled.
        Important when the parent span originated in an upstream service,
        because we want to sample the whole trace, or nothing from the trace."""

        self.baggage = baggage
        """Parsed baggage header that is used for dynamic sampling decisions."""

        """DEPRECATED this only exists for backwards compat of constructor."""
        if baggage is None and dynamic_sampling_context is not None:
            self.baggage = Baggage(dynamic_sampling_context)

        self.custom_sampling_context: "Optional[dict[str, Any]]" = None

    @classmethod
    def from_incoming_data(
        cls, incoming_data: "Dict[str, Any]"
    ) -> "PropagationContext":
        propagation_context = PropagationContext()
        normalized_data = normalize_incoming_data(incoming_data)

        sentry_trace_header = normalized_data.get(SENTRY_TRACE_HEADER_NAME)
        sentrytrace_data = extract_sentrytrace_data(sentry_trace_header)

        # nothing to propagate if no sentry-trace
        if sentrytrace_data is None:
            return propagation_context

        baggage_header = normalized_data.get(BAGGAGE_HEADER_NAME)
        baggage = (
            Baggage.from_incoming_header(baggage_header) if baggage_header else None
        )

        if not _should_continue_trace(baggage):
            return propagation_context

        propagation_context.update(sentrytrace_data)
        if baggage:
            propagation_context.baggage = baggage

        propagation_context._fill_sample_rand()

        return propagation_context

    @property
    def trace_id(self) -> str:
        """The trace id of the Sentry trace."""
        if not self._trace_id:
            # New trace, don't fill in sample_rand
            self._trace_id = uuid.uuid4().hex

        return self._trace_id

    @trace_id.setter
    def trace_id(self, value: str) -> None:
        self._trace_id = value

    @property
    def span_id(self) -> str:
        """The span id of the currently executed span."""
        if not self._span_id:
            self._span_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[16:]

        return self._span_id

    @span_id.setter
    def span_id(self, value: str) -> None:
        self._span_id = value

    @property
    def dynamic_sampling_context(self) -> "Optional[Dict[str, Any]]":
        return self.get_baggage().dynamic_sampling_context()

    def to_traceparent(self) -> str:
        return f"{self.trace_id}-{self.span_id}"

    def get_baggage(self) -> "Baggage":
        if self.baggage is None:
            self.baggage = Baggage.populate_from_propagation_context(self)
        return self.baggage

    def iter_headers(self) -> "Iterator[Tuple[str, str]]":
        """
        Creates a generator which returns the propagation_context's ``sentry-trace`` and ``baggage`` headers.
        """
        yield SENTRY_TRACE_HEADER_NAME, self.to_traceparent()

        baggage = self.get_baggage().serialize()
        if baggage:
            yield BAGGAGE_HEADER_NAME, baggage

    def update(self, other_dict: "Dict[str, Any]") -> None:
        """
        Updates the PropagationContext with data from the given dictionary.
        """
        for key, value in other_dict.items():
            try:
                setattr(self, key, value)
            except AttributeError:
                pass

    def _set_custom_sampling_context(
        self, custom_sampling_context: "dict[str, Any]"
    ) -> None:
        self.custom_sampling_context = custom_sampling_context

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return "<PropagationContext _trace_id={} _span_id={} parent_span_id={} parent_sampled={} baggage={}>".format(
            self._trace_id,
            self._span_id,
            self.parent_span_id,
            self.parent_sampled,
            self.baggage,
        )

    def _fill_sample_rand(self) -> None:
        """
        Ensure that there is a valid sample_rand value in the baggage.

        If there is a valid sample_rand value in the baggage, we keep it.
        Otherwise, we generate a sample_rand value according to the following:

          - If we have a parent_sampled value and a sample_rate in the DSC, we compute
            a sample_rand value randomly in the range:
                - [0, sample_rate) if parent_sampled is True,
                - or, in the range [sample_rate, 1) if parent_sampled is False.

          - If either parent_sampled or sample_rate is missing, we generate a random
            value in the range [0, 1).

        The sample_rand is deterministically generated from the trace_id, if present.

        This function does nothing if there is no baggage.
        """
        if self.baggage is None:
            return

        sample_rand = try_convert(float, self.baggage.sentry_items.get("sample_rand"))
        if sample_rand is not None and 0 <= sample_rand < 1:
            # sample_rand is present and valid, so don't overwrite it
            return

        # Get the sample rate and compute the transformation that will map the random value
        # to the desired range: [0, 1), [0, sample_rate), or [sample_rate, 1).
        sample_rate = try_convert(float, self.baggage.sentry_items.get("sample_rate"))
        lower, upper = _sample_rand_range(self.parent_sampled, sample_rate)

        try:
            sample_rand = _generate_sample_rand(self.trace_id, interval=(lower, upper))
        except ValueError:
            # ValueError is raised if the interval is invalid, i.e. lower >= upper.
            # lower >= upper might happen if the incoming trace's sampled flag
            # and sample_rate are inconsistent, e.g. sample_rate=0.0 but sampled=True.
            # We cannot generate a sensible sample_rand value in this case.
            logger.debug(
                f"Could not backfill sample_rand, since parent_sampled={self.parent_sampled} "
                f"and sample_rate={sample_rate}."
            )
            return

        self.baggage.sentry_items["sample_rand"] = f"{sample_rand:.6f}"  # noqa: E231

    def _sample_rand(self) -> "Optional[str]":
        """Convenience method to get the sample_rand value from the baggage."""
        if self.baggage is None:
            return None

        return self.baggage.sentry_items.get("sample_rand")


class Baggage:
    """
    The W3C Baggage header information (see https://www.w3.org/TR/baggage/).

    Before mutating a `Baggage` object, calling code must check that `mutable` is `True`.
    Mutating a `Baggage` object that has `mutable` set to `False` is not allowed, but
    it is the caller's responsibility to enforce this restriction.
    """

    __slots__ = ("sentry_items", "third_party_items", "mutable")

    SENTRY_PREFIX = "sentry-"
    SENTRY_PREFIX_REGEX = re.compile("^sentry-")

    def __init__(
        self,
        sentry_items: "Dict[str, str]",
        third_party_items: str = "",
        mutable: bool = True,
    ):
        self.sentry_items = sentry_items
        self.third_party_items = third_party_items
        self.mutable = mutable

    @classmethod
    def from_incoming_header(
        cls,
        header: "Optional[str]",
        *,
        _sample_rand: "Optional[str]" = None,
    ) -> "Baggage":
        """
        freeze if incoming header already has sentry baggage
        """
        sentry_items = {}
        third_party_items = ""
        mutable = True

        if header:
            for item in header.split(","):
                if "=" not in item:
                    continue

                with capture_internal_exceptions():
                    item = item.strip()
                    key, val = item.split("=")
                    if Baggage.SENTRY_PREFIX_REGEX.match(key):
                        baggage_key = unquote(key.split("-")[1])
                        sentry_items[baggage_key] = unquote(val)
                        mutable = False
                    else:
                        third_party_items += ("," if third_party_items else "") + item

        if _sample_rand is not None:
            sentry_items["sample_rand"] = str(_sample_rand)
            mutable = False

        return Baggage(sentry_items, third_party_items, mutable)

    @classmethod
    def from_options(cls, scope: "sentry_sdk.scope.Scope") -> "Optional[Baggage]":
        """
        Deprecated: use populate_from_propagation_context
        """
        if scope._propagation_context is None:
            return Baggage({})

        return Baggage.populate_from_propagation_context(scope._propagation_context)

    @classmethod
    def populate_from_propagation_context(
        cls, propagation_context: "PropagationContext"
    ) -> "Baggage":
        sentry_items: "Dict[str, str]" = {}
        third_party_items = ""
        mutable = False

        client = sentry_sdk.get_client()

        if not client.is_active():
            return Baggage(sentry_items)

        options = client.options

        sentry_items["trace_id"] = propagation_context.trace_id

        if options.get("environment"):
            sentry_items["environment"] = options["environment"]

        if options.get("release"):
            sentry_items["release"] = options["release"]

        if client.parsed_dsn:
            sentry_items["public_key"] = client.parsed_dsn.public_key
            if client.parsed_dsn.org_id:
                sentry_items["org_id"] = client.parsed_dsn.org_id

        if options.get("traces_sample_rate"):
            sentry_items["sample_rate"] = str(options["traces_sample_rate"])

        return Baggage(sentry_items, third_party_items, mutable)

    @classmethod
    def populate_from_transaction(
        cls, transaction: "sentry_sdk.tracing.Transaction"
    ) -> "Baggage":
        """
        Populate fresh baggage entry with sentry_items and make it immutable
        if this is the head SDK which originates traces.
        """
        client = sentry_sdk.get_client()
        sentry_items: "Dict[str, str]" = {}

        if not client.is_active():
            return Baggage(sentry_items)

        options = client.options or {}

        sentry_items["trace_id"] = transaction.trace_id
        sentry_items["sample_rand"] = f"{transaction._sample_rand:.6f}"  # noqa: E231

        if options.get("environment"):
            sentry_items["environment"] = options["environment"]

        if options.get("release"):
            sentry_items["release"] = options["release"]

        if client.parsed_dsn:
            sentry_items["public_key"] = client.parsed_dsn.public_key
            if client.parsed_dsn.org_id:
                sentry_items["org_id"] = client.parsed_dsn.org_id

        if (
            transaction.name
            and transaction.source not in LOW_QUALITY_TRANSACTION_SOURCES
        ):
            sentry_items["transaction"] = transaction.name

        if transaction.sample_rate is not None:
            sentry_items["sample_rate"] = str(transaction.sample_rate)

        if transaction.sampled is not None:
            sentry_items["sampled"] = "true" if transaction.sampled else "false"

        # there's an existing baggage but it was mutable,
        # which is why we are creating this new baggage.
        # However, if by chance the user put some sentry items in there, give them precedence.
        if transaction._baggage and transaction._baggage.sentry_items:
            sentry_items.update(transaction._baggage.sentry_items)

        return Baggage(sentry_items, mutable=False)

    @classmethod
    def populate_from_segment(cls, segment: "StreamedSpan") -> "Baggage":
        """
        Populate fresh baggage entry with sentry_items and make it immutable
        if this is the head SDK which originates traces.
        """
        client = sentry_sdk.get_client()
        sentry_items: "Dict[str, str]" = {}

        if not client.is_active():
            return Baggage(sentry_items)

        options = client.options or {}

        sentry_items["trace_id"] = segment.trace_id
        sentry_items["sample_rand"] = f"{segment._sample_rand:.6f}"  # noqa: E231

        if options.get("environment"):
            sentry_items["environment"] = options["environment"]

        if options.get("release"):
            sentry_items["release"] = options["release"]

        if client.parsed_dsn:
            sentry_items["public_key"] = client.parsed_dsn.public_key
            if client.parsed_dsn.org_id:
                sentry_items["org_id"] = client.parsed_dsn.org_id

        if (
            segment.get_attributes().get("sentry.span.source")
            not in LOW_QUALITY_SEGMENT_SOURCES
        ) and segment._name:
            sentry_items["transaction"] = segment._name

        if segment._sample_rate is not None:
            sentry_items["sample_rate"] = str(segment._sample_rate)

        if segment.sampled is not None:
            sentry_items["sampled"] = "true" if segment.sampled else "false"

        # There's an existing baggage but it was mutable, which is why we are
        # creating this new baggage.
        # However, if by chance the user put some sentry items in there, give
        # them precedence.
        if segment._baggage and segment._baggage.sentry_items:
            sentry_items.update(segment._baggage.sentry_items)

        return Baggage(sentry_items, mutable=False)

    def freeze(self) -> None:
        self.mutable = False

    def dynamic_sampling_context(self) -> "Dict[str, str]":
        header = {}

        for key, item in self.sentry_items.items():
            header[key] = item

        return header

    def serialize(self, include_third_party: bool = False) -> str:
        items = []

        for key, val in self.sentry_items.items():
            with capture_internal_exceptions():
                item = Baggage.SENTRY_PREFIX + quote(key) + "=" + quote(str(val))
                items.append(item)

        if include_third_party:
            items.append(self.third_party_items)

        return ",".join(items)

    @staticmethod
    def strip_sentry_baggage(header: str) -> str:
        """Remove Sentry baggage from the given header.

        Given a Baggage header, return a new Baggage header with all Sentry baggage items removed.
        """
        return ",".join(
            (
                item
                for item in header.split(",")
                if not Baggage.SENTRY_PREFIX_REGEX.match(item.strip())
            )
        )

    def _sample_rand(self) -> "Optional[float]":
        """Convenience method to get the sample_rand value from the sentry_items.

        We validate the value and parse it as a float before returning it. The value is considered
        valid if it is a float in the range [0, 1).
        """
        sample_rand = try_convert(float, self.sentry_items.get("sample_rand"))

        if sample_rand is not None and 0.0 <= sample_rand < 1.0:
            return sample_rand

        return None

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f'<Baggage "{self.serialize(include_third_party=True)}", mutable={self.mutable}>'


def should_propagate_trace(client: "sentry_sdk.client.BaseClient", url: str) -> bool:
    """
    Returns True if url matches trace_propagation_targets configured in the given client. Otherwise, returns False.
    """
    trace_propagation_targets = client.options["trace_propagation_targets"]

    if is_sentry_url(client, url):
        return False

    return match_regex_list(url, trace_propagation_targets, substring_matching=True)


def normalize_incoming_data(incoming_data: "Dict[str, Any]") -> "Dict[str, Any]":
    """
    Normalizes incoming data so the keys are all lowercase with dashes instead of underscores and stripped from known prefixes.
    """
    data = {}
    for key, value in incoming_data.items():
        if key.startswith("HTTP_"):
            key = key[5:]

        key = key.replace("_", "-").lower()
        data[key] = value

    return data


def create_span_decorator(
    op: "Optional[Union[str, OP]]" = None,
    name: "Optional[str]" = None,
    attributes: "Optional[dict[str, Any]]" = None,
    template: "SPANTEMPLATE" = SPANTEMPLATE.DEFAULT,
) -> "Any":
    """
    Create a span decorator that can wrap both sync and async functions.

    :param op: The operation type for the span.
    :type op: str or :py:class:`sentry_sdk.consts.OP` or None
    :param name: The name of the span.
    :type name: str or None
    :param attributes: Additional attributes to set on the span.
    :type attributes: dict or None
    :param template: The type of span to create. This determines what kind of
        span instrumentation and data collection will be applied. Use predefined
        constants from :py:class:`sentry_sdk.consts.SPANTEMPLATE`.
        The default is `SPANTEMPLATE.DEFAULT` which is the right choice for most
        use cases.
    :type template: :py:class:`sentry_sdk.consts.SPANTEMPLATE`
    """
    from sentry_sdk.scope import should_send_default_pii

    def span_decorator(f: "Any") -> "Any":
        """
        Decorator to create a span for the given function.
        """

        @functools.wraps(f)
        async def async_wrapper(*args: "Any", **kwargs: "Any") -> "Any":
            current_span = get_current_span()

            if current_span is None:
                logger.debug(
                    "Cannot create a child span for %s. "
                    "Please start a Sentry transaction before calling this function.",
                    qualname_from_function(f),
                )
                return await f(*args, **kwargs)

            if isinstance(current_span, StreamedSpan):
                warnings.warn(
                    "Use the @sentry_sdk.traces.trace decorator in span streaming mode.",
                    DeprecationWarning,
                    stacklevel=2,
                )
                return await f(*args, **kwargs)

            span_op = op or _get_span_op(template)
            function_name = name or qualname_from_function(f) or ""
            span_name = _get_span_name(template, function_name, kwargs)
            send_pii = should_send_default_pii()

            with current_span.start_child(
                op=span_op,
                name=span_name,
            ) as span:
                span.update_data(attributes or {})
                _set_input_attributes(
                    span, template, send_pii, function_name, f, args, kwargs
                )

                result = await f(*args, **kwargs)

                _set_output_attributes(span, template, send_pii, result)

                return result

        try:
            async_wrapper.__signature__ = inspect.signature(f)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        except Exception:
            pass

        @functools.wraps(f)
        def sync_wrapper(*args: "Any", **kwargs: "Any") -> "Any":
            current_span = get_current_span()

            if current_span is None:
                logger.debug(
                    "Cannot create a child span for %s. "
                    "Please start a Sentry transaction before calling this function.",
                    qualname_from_function(f),
                )
                return f(*args, **kwargs)

            if isinstance(current_span, StreamedSpan):
                warnings.warn(
                    "Use the @sentry_sdk.traces.trace decorator in span streaming mode.",
                    DeprecationWarning,
                    stacklevel=2,
                )
                return f(*args, **kwargs)

            span_op = op or _get_span_op(template)
            function_name = name or qualname_from_function(f) or ""
            span_name = _get_span_name(template, function_name, kwargs)
            send_pii = should_send_default_pii()

            with current_span.start_child(
                op=span_op,
                name=span_name,
            ) as span:
                span.update_data(attributes or {})
                _set_input_attributes(
                    span, template, send_pii, function_name, f, args, kwargs
                )

                result = f(*args, **kwargs)

                _set_output_attributes(span, template, send_pii, result)

                return result

        try:
            sync_wrapper.__signature__ = inspect.signature(f)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        except Exception:
            pass

        if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(f):
            return async_wrapper
        else:
            return sync_wrapper

    return span_decorator


def create_streaming_span_decorator(
    name: "Optional[str]" = None,
    attributes: "Optional[dict[str, Any]]" = None,
    active: bool = True,
) -> "Any":
    """
    Create a span creating decorator that can wrap both sync and async functions.
    """

    def span_decorator(f: "Any") -> "Any":
        """
        Decorator to create a span for the given function.
        """

        @functools.wraps(f)
        async def async_wrapper(*args: "Any", **kwargs: "Any") -> "Any":
            client = sentry_sdk.get_client()
            if not has_span_streaming_enabled(client.options):
                warnings.warn(
                    "Using span streaming API in non-span-streaming mode. Use "
                    "@sentry_sdk.trace instead.",
                    stacklevel=2,
                )

            span_name = name or qualname_from_function(f) or ""

            with start_streaming_span(
                name=span_name, attributes=attributes, active=active
            ):
                result = await f(*args, **kwargs)
                return result

        try:
            async_wrapper.__signature__ = inspect.signature(f)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        except Exception:
            pass

        @functools.wraps(f)
        def sync_wrapper(*args: "Any", **kwargs: "Any") -> "Any":
            client = sentry_sdk.get_client()
            if not has_span_streaming_enabled(client.options):
                warnings.warn(
                    "Using span streaming API in non-span-streaming mode. Use "
                    "@sentry_sdk.trace instead.",
                    stacklevel=2,
                )

            span_name = name or qualname_from_function(f) or ""

            with start_streaming_span(
                name=span_name, attributes=attributes, active=active
            ):
                return f(*args, **kwargs)

        try:
            sync_wrapper.__signature__ = inspect.signature(f)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        except Exception:
            pass

        if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(f):
            return async_wrapper
        else:
            return sync_wrapper

    return span_decorator


def get_current_span(
    scope: "Optional[sentry_sdk.Scope]" = None,
) -> "Optional[Union[Span, StreamedSpan]]":
    """
    Returns the currently active span if there is one running, otherwise `None`
    """
    scope = scope or sentry_sdk.get_current_scope()
    current_span = scope.span
    return current_span


def set_span_errored(span: "Optional[Union[Span, StreamedSpan]]" = None) -> None:
    """
    Set the status of the current or given span to INTERNAL_ERROR.
    Also sets the status of the transaction (root span) to INTERNAL_ERROR.
    """
    from sentry_sdk.traces import StreamedSpan, SpanStatus

    span = span or get_current_span()

    if span is not None:
        if isinstance(span, Span):
            span.set_status(SPANSTATUS.INTERNAL_ERROR)
            if span.containing_transaction is not None:
                span.containing_transaction.set_status(SPANSTATUS.INTERNAL_ERROR)
        elif isinstance(span, StreamedSpan):
            span.status = SpanStatus.ERROR
            if span._segment is not None:
                span._segment.status = SpanStatus.ERROR


def _generate_sample_rand(
    trace_id: "Optional[str]",
    *,
    interval: "tuple[float, float]" = (0.0, 1.0),
) -> float:
    """Generate a sample_rand value from a trace ID.

    The generated value will be pseudorandomly chosen from the provided
    interval. Specifically, given (lower, upper) = interval, the generated
    value will be in the range [lower, upper). The value has 6-digit precision,
    so when printing with .6f, the value will never be rounded up.

    The pseudorandom number generator is seeded with the trace ID.
    """
    lower, upper = interval
    if not lower < upper:  # using `if lower >= upper` would handle NaNs incorrectly
        raise ValueError("Invalid interval: lower must be less than upper")

    rng = Random(trace_id)
    lower_scaled = int(lower * 1_000_000)
    upper_scaled = int(upper * 1_000_000)
    try:
        sample_rand_scaled = rng.randrange(lower_scaled, upper_scaled)
    except ValueError:
        # In some corner cases it might happen that the range is too small
        # In that case, just take the lower bound
        sample_rand_scaled = lower_scaled

    return sample_rand_scaled / 1_000_000


def _sample_rand_range(
    parent_sampled: "Optional[bool]", sample_rate: "Optional[float]"
) -> "tuple[float, float]":
    """
    Compute the lower (inclusive) and upper (exclusive) bounds of the range of values
    that a generated sample_rand value must fall into, given the parent_sampled and
    sample_rate values.
    """
    if parent_sampled is None or sample_rate is None:
        return 0.0, 1.0
    elif parent_sampled is True:
        return 0.0, sample_rate
    else:  # parent_sampled is False
        return sample_rate, 1.0


def _get_value(source: "Any", key: str) -> "Optional[Any]":
    """
    Gets a value from a source object. The source can be a dict or an object.
    It is checked for dictionary keys and object attributes.
    """
    value = None
    if isinstance(source, dict):
        value = source.get(key)
    else:
        if hasattr(source, key):
            try:
                value = getattr(source, key)
            except Exception:
                value = None
    return value


def _get_span_name(
    template: "Union[str, SPANTEMPLATE]",
    name: str,
    kwargs: "Optional[dict[str, Any]]" = None,
) -> str:
    """
    Get the name of the span based on the template and the name.
    """
    span_name = name

    if template == SPANTEMPLATE.AI_CHAT:
        model = None
        if kwargs:
            for key in ("model", "model_name"):
                if kwargs.get(key) and isinstance(kwargs[key], str):
                    model = kwargs[key]
                    break

        span_name = f"chat {model}" if model else "chat"

    elif template == SPANTEMPLATE.AI_AGENT:
        span_name = f"invoke_agent {name}"

    elif template == SPANTEMPLATE.AI_TOOL:
        span_name = f"execute_tool {name}"

    return span_name


def _get_span_op(template: "Union[str, SPANTEMPLATE]") -> str:
    """
    Get the operation of the span based on the template.
    """
    mapping: "dict[Union[str, SPANTEMPLATE], Union[str, OP]]" = {
        SPANTEMPLATE.AI_CHAT: OP.GEN_AI_CHAT,
        SPANTEMPLATE.AI_AGENT: OP.GEN_AI_INVOKE_AGENT,
        SPANTEMPLATE.AI_TOOL: OP.GEN_AI_EXECUTE_TOOL,
    }
    op = mapping.get(template, OP.FUNCTION)

    return str(op)


def _get_input_attributes(
    template: "Union[str, SPANTEMPLATE]",
    send_pii: bool,
    args: "tuple[Any, ...]",
    kwargs: "dict[str, Any]",
) -> "dict[str, Any]":
    """
    Get input attributes for the given span template.
    """
    attributes: "dict[str, Any]" = {}

    if template in [SPANTEMPLATE.AI_AGENT, SPANTEMPLATE.AI_TOOL, SPANTEMPLATE.AI_CHAT]:
        mapping = {
            "model": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MODEL, str),
            "model_name": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MODEL, str),
            "agent": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_AGENT_NAME, str),
            "agent_name": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_AGENT_NAME, str),
            "max_tokens": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MAX_TOKENS, int),
            "frequency_penalty": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_FREQUENCY_PENALTY, float),
            "presence_penalty": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_PRESENCE_PENALTY, float),
            "temperature": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_TEMPERATURE, float),
            "top_p": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_TOP_P, float),
            "top_k": (SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_TOP_K, int),
        }

        def _set_from_key(key: str, value: "Any") -> None:
            if key in mapping:
                (attribute, data_type) = mapping[key]
                if value is not None and isinstance(value, data_type):
                    attributes[attribute] = value

        for key, value in list(kwargs.items()):
            if key == "prompt" and isinstance(value, str):
                attributes.setdefault(SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MESSAGES, []).append(
                    {"role": "user", "content": value}
                )
                continue

            if key == "system_prompt" and isinstance(value, str):
                attributes.setdefault(SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MESSAGES, []).append(
                    {"role": "system", "content": value}
                )
                continue

            _set_from_key(key, value)

    if template == SPANTEMPLATE.AI_TOOL and send_pii:
        attributes[SPANDATA.GEN_AI_TOOL_INPUT] = safe_repr(
            {"args": args, "kwargs": kwargs}
        )

    # Coerce to string
    if SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MESSAGES in attributes:
        attributes[SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MESSAGES] = safe_repr(
            attributes[SPANDATA.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MESSAGES]
        )

    return attributes


def _get_usage_attributes(usage: "Any") -> "dict[str, Any]":
    """
    Get usage attributes.
    """
    attributes = {}

    def _set_from_keys(attribute: str, keys: "tuple[str, ...]") -> None:
        for key in keys:
            value = _get_value(usage, key)
            if value is not None and isinstance(value, int):
                attributes[attribute] = value

    _set_from_keys(
        SPANDATA.GEN_AI_USAGE_INPUT_TOKENS,
        ("prompt_tokens", "input_tokens"),
    )
    _set_from_keys(
        SPANDATA.GEN_AI_USAGE_OUTPUT_TOKENS,
        ("completion_tokens", "output_tokens"),
    )
    _set_from_keys(
        SPANDATA.GEN_AI_USAGE_TOTAL_TOKENS,
        ("total_tokens",),
    )

    return attributes


def _get_output_attributes(
    template: "Union[str, SPANTEMPLATE]", send_pii: bool, result: "Any"
) -> "dict[str, Any]":
    """
    Get output attributes for the given span template.
    """
    attributes: "dict[str, Any]" = {}

    if template in [SPANTEMPLATE.AI_AGENT, SPANTEMPLATE.AI_TOOL, SPANTEMPLATE.AI_CHAT]:
        with capture_internal_exceptions():
            # Usage from result, result.usage, and result.metadata.usage
            usage_candidates = [result]

            usage = _get_value(result, "usage")
            usage_candidates.append(usage)

            meta = _get_value(result, "metadata")
            usage = _get_value(meta, "usage")
            usage_candidates.append(usage)

            for usage_candidate in usage_candidates:
                if usage_candidate is not None:
                    attributes.update(_get_usage_attributes(usage_candidate))

            # Response model
            model_name = _get_value(result, "model")
            if model_name is not None and isinstance(model_name, str):
                attributes[SPANDATA.GEN_AI_RESPONSE_MODEL] = model_name

            model_name = _get_value(result, "model_name")
            if model_name is not None and isinstance(model_name, str):
                attributes[SPANDATA.GEN_AI_RESPONSE_MODEL] = model_name

    # Tool output
    if template == SPANTEMPLATE.AI_TOOL and send_pii:
        attributes[SPANDATA.GEN_AI_TOOL_OUTPUT] = safe_repr(result)

    return attributes


def _set_input_attributes(
    span: "Span",
    template: "Union[str, SPANTEMPLATE]",
    send_pii: bool,
    name: str,
    f: "Any",
    args: "tuple[Any, ...]",
    kwargs: "dict[str, Any]",
) -> None:
    """
    Set span input attributes based on the given span template.

    :param span: The span to set attributes on.
    :param template: The template to use to set attributes on the span.
    :param send_pii: Whether to send PII data.
    :param f: The wrapped function.
    :param args: The arguments to the wrapped function.
    :param kwargs: The keyword arguments to the wrapped function.
    """
    attributes: "dict[str, Any]" = {}

    if template == SPANTEMPLATE.AI_AGENT:
        attributes = {
            SPANDATA.GEN_AI_OPERATION_NAME: "invoke_agent",
            SPANDATA.GEN_AI_AGENT_NAME: name,
        }
    elif template == SPANTEMPLATE.AI_CHAT:
        attributes = {
            SPANDATA.GEN_AI_OPERATION_NAME: "chat",
        }
    elif template == SPANTEMPLATE.AI_TOOL:
        attributes = {
            SPANDATA.GEN_AI_OPERATION_NAME: "execute_tool",
            SPANDATA.GEN_AI_TOOL_NAME: name,
        }

        docstring = f.__doc__
        if docstring is not None:
            attributes[SPANDATA.GEN_AI_TOOL_DESCRIPTION] = docstring

    attributes.update(_get_input_attributes(template, send_pii, args, kwargs))
    span.update_data(attributes or {})


def _set_output_attributes(
    span: "Span", template: "Union[str, SPANTEMPLATE]", send_pii: bool, result: "Any"
) -> None:
    """
    Set span output attributes based on the given span template.

    :param span: The span to set attributes on.
    :param template: The template to use to set attributes on the span.
    :param send_pii: Whether to send PII data.
    :param result: The result of the wrapped function.
    """
    span.update_data(_get_output_attributes(template, send_pii, result) or {})


def _should_continue_trace(baggage: "Optional[Baggage]") -> bool:
    """
    Check if we should continue the incoming trace according to the strict_trace_continuation spec.
    https://develop.sentry.dev/sdk/telemetry/traces/#stricttracecontinuation
    """

    client = sentry_sdk.get_client()
    parsed_dsn = client.parsed_dsn
    client_org_id = parsed_dsn.org_id if parsed_dsn else None
    baggage_org_id = baggage.sentry_items.get("org_id") if baggage else None

    if (
        client_org_id is not None
        and baggage_org_id is not None
        and client_org_id != baggage_org_id
    ):
        logger.debug(
            f"Starting a new trace because org IDs don't match (incoming baggage org_id: {baggage_org_id}, SDK org_id: {client_org_id})"
        )
        return False

    strict_trace_continuation: bool = client.options.get(
        "strict_trace_continuation", False
    )
    if strict_trace_continuation:
        if (baggage_org_id is not None and client_org_id is None) or (
            baggage_org_id is None and client_org_id is not None
        ):
            logger.debug(
                f"Starting a new trace because strict trace continuation is enabled and one org ID is missing (incoming baggage org_id: {baggage_org_id}, SDK org_id: {client_org_id})"
            )
            return False

    return True


def add_sentry_baggage_to_headers(
    headers: "MutableMapping[str, str]", sentry_baggage: str
) -> None:
    """Add the Sentry baggage to the headers.

    This function directly mutates the provided headers. The provided sentry_baggage
    is appended to the existing baggage. If the baggage already contains Sentry items,
    they are stripped out first.
    """
    existing_baggage = headers.get(BAGGAGE_HEADER_NAME, "")
    stripped_existing_baggage = Baggage.strip_sentry_baggage(existing_baggage)

    separator = "," if len(stripped_existing_baggage) > 0 else ""

    headers[BAGGAGE_HEADER_NAME] = (
        stripped_existing_baggage + separator + sentry_baggage
    )


def _make_sampling_decision(
    name: str,
    attributes: "Optional[Attributes]",
    scope: "sentry_sdk.Scope",
) -> "tuple[bool, Optional[float], Optional[float], Optional[str]]":
    """
    Decide whether a span should be sampled.

    Returns a tuple with:
    1. the sampling decision
    2. the effective sample rate
    3. the sample rand
    4. the reason for not sampling the span, if unsampled
    """
    client = sentry_sdk.get_client()

    if not has_tracing_enabled(client.options):
        return False, None, None, None

    propagation_context = scope.get_active_propagation_context()

    sample_rand = None
    if propagation_context.baggage is not None:
        sample_rand = propagation_context.baggage._sample_rand()
    if sample_rand is None:
        sample_rand = _generate_sample_rand(propagation_context.trace_id)

    # If there's a traces_sampler, use that; otherwise use traces_sample_rate
    traces_sampler_defined = callable(client.options.get("traces_sampler"))
    if traces_sampler_defined:
        sampling_context = {
            "span_context": {
                "name": name,
                "trace_id": propagation_context.trace_id,
                "parent_span_id": propagation_context.parent_span_id,
                "parent_sampled": propagation_context.parent_sampled,
                "attributes": dict(attributes) if attributes else {},
            },
        }

        if propagation_context.custom_sampling_context:
            sampling_context.update(propagation_context.custom_sampling_context)

        sample_rate = client.options["traces_sampler"](sampling_context)
    else:
        if propagation_context.parent_sampled is not None:
            sample_rate = propagation_context.parent_sampled
        else:
            sample_rate = client.options["traces_sample_rate"]

    # Validate whether the sample_rate we got is actually valid. Since
    # traces_sampler is user-provided, it could return anything.
    if not is_valid_sample_rate(sample_rate, source="Tracing"):
        logger.warning(f"[Tracing] Discarding {name} because of invalid sample rate.")
        return False, None, None, "sample_rate"

    sample_rate = float(sample_rate)
    if not sample_rate:
        if traces_sampler_defined:
            reason = "traces_sampler returned 0 or False"
        else:
            reason = "traces_sample_rate is set to 0"

        logger.debug(f"[Tracing] Discarding {name} because {reason}")
        return False, 0.0, None, "sample_rate"

    # Adjust sample rate if we're under backpressure
    if client.monitor:
        sample_rate /= 2**client.monitor.downsample_factor

        if not sample_rate:
            logger.debug(f"[Tracing] Discarding {name} because backpressure")
            return False, 0.0, None, "backpressure"

    sampled = sample_rand < sample_rate

    if sampled:
        logger.debug(f"[Tracing] Starting {name}")
        outcome = None
    else:
        logger.debug(
            f"[Tracing] Discarding {name} because it's not included in the random sample (sampling rate = {sample_rate})"
        )
        outcome = "sample_rate"

    return sampled, sample_rate, sample_rand, outcome


def is_ignored_span(name: str, attributes: "Optional[Attributes]") -> bool:
    """Determine if a span fits one of the rules in ignore_spans."""
    client = sentry_sdk.get_client()
    ignore_spans = (client.options.get("_experiments") or {}).get("ignore_spans")

    if not ignore_spans:
        return False

    def _matches(rule: "Any", value: "Any") -> bool:
        if isinstance(rule, Pattern):
            if isinstance(value, str):
                return bool(rule.fullmatch(value))
            else:
                return False

        return rule == value

    for rule in ignore_spans:
        if isinstance(rule, (str, Pattern)):
            if _matches(rule, name):
                return True

        elif isinstance(rule, dict) and ("name" in rule or "attributes" in rule):
            name_matches = True
            attributes_match = True

            attributes = attributes or {}

            if "name" in rule:
                name_matches = _matches(rule["name"], name)

            if "attributes" in rule:
                for attribute, value in rule["attributes"].items():
                    if attribute not in attributes or not _matches(
                        value, attributes[attribute]
                    ):
                        attributes_match = False
                        break

            if name_matches and attributes_match:
                return True

    return False


# Circular imports
from sentry_sdk.tracing import (
    BAGGAGE_HEADER_NAME,
    LOW_QUALITY_TRANSACTION_SOURCES,
    SENTRY_TRACE_HEADER_NAME,
    Span,
)
from sentry_sdk.traces import (
    LOW_QUALITY_SEGMENT_SOURCES,
    StreamedSpan,
    start_span as start_streaming_span,
)

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from sentry_sdk.tracing import Span