feat(runtimes): add dotnet runtime extension (#435)

* feat(runtimes): add .NET runtime extension

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* docs(runtimes): clarify nuget.config case-variation existence check

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* feat(runtimes/dotnet): support global.json via useGlobalJson, error on conflict

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* fix(runtimes/dotnet): single-quote echo + clarify config validate comment

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---------

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Co-authored-by: jamesadevine <4742697+jamesadevine@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: Copilot

docs/front-matter.md

@@ -53,6 +53,10 @@ runtimes:                      # optional runtime configuration (language enviro
   # node:                      # Alternative object format (pin version, configure internal feed)
   #   version: "22.x"
   #   feed-url: "https://pkgs.dev.azure.com/ORG/PROJECT/_packaging/FEED/npm/registry/"
+  # dotnet: true               # .NET runtime — auto-installs via UseDotNet@2 (see docs/runtimes.md)
+  # dotnet:                    # Alternative object format (pin version, configure internal feed via nuget.config)
+  #   version: "8.0.x"          # use "global.json" to pin from the repo's global.json
+  #   feed-url: "https://pkgs.dev.azure.com/myorg/_packaging/myfeed/nuget/v3/index.json"
 # env:                          # RESERVED: workflow-level environment variables (not yet implemented)
 #   CUSTOM_VAR: "value"
 mcp-servers:

docs/runtimes.md

@@ -103,6 +103,68 @@ When enabled, the compiler:
 - No AWF mounts or PATH prepends needed — `NodeTool@0` installs to `/opt/hostedtoolcache` (auto-mounted by AWF) and publishes PATH entries that AWF merges via `$GITHUB_PATH`
 - Note: AWF overlays `~/.npmrc` with `/dev/null` for credential security — the `NPM_CONFIG_REGISTRY` env var approach avoids conflicting with this overlay
 
+### .NET (`dotnet:`)
+.NET runtime. Auto-installs the .NET SDK via `UseDotNet@2`, emits `NuGetAuthenticate@1` for internal feed access, adds .NET ecosystem domains to the AWF network allowlist, and extends the bash command allow-list with `dotnet`.
+
+```yaml
+# Simple enablement (installs default .NET SDK, currently 8.0.x)
+runtimes:
+  dotnet: true
+
+# With options (pin version, configure internal feed)
+runtimes:
+  dotnet:
+    version: "8.0.x"
+    feed-url: "https://pkgs.dev.azure.com/myorg/_packaging/myfeed/nuget/v3/index.json"
+
+# Or point at a checked-in nuget.config
+runtimes:
+  dotnet:
+    version: "8.0.x"
+    config: "nuget.config"
+
+# Pin SDK from the repo's global.json (UseDotNet@2 useGlobalJson mode)
+runtimes:
+  dotnet:
+    version: "global.json"
+```
+
+**Fields:**
+
+| Field | Type | Description |
+|-------|------|-------------|
+| `version` | string | .NET SDK version to install (e.g., `"8.0.x"`, `"9.0.x"`). Passed to `UseDotNet@2` `version` with `packageType: 'sdk'`. Defaults to `"8.0.x"`. The special value `"global.json"` (case-insensitive) emits `useGlobalJson: true` instead, which discovers and installs every SDK referenced by `global.json` files in the workspace. |
+| `feed-url` | string | Internal NuGet feed URL (typically the v3 `index.json` of an Azure Artifacts feed). When set, the compiler creates a minimal `nuget.config` if none exists and runs `NuGetAuthenticate@1`. |
+| `config` | string | Path to a checked-in `nuget.config` in the repo. When set, the compiler runs `NuGetAuthenticate@1` (which auto-discovers `nuget.config` files in the workspace). Mutually exclusive with `feed-url`. |
+
+**`global.json` precedence.** A `global.json` file in the repo is the canonical
+way to pin the .NET SDK. The compiler enforces a single source of truth:
+
+- If a `global.json` exists at the agent's compile directory **and** the front
+  matter sets a concrete `version`, compilation **errors out**. Either remove
+  the front-matter version or set it to the literal string `"global.json"` to
+  opt into `UseDotNet@2`'s `useGlobalJson: true` mode.
+- If `version: "global.json"` is set, the compiler emits
+  `useGlobalJson: true` (no explicit `version:` input) so the install task
+  walks the workspace for `global.json` files itself.
+- If no `version` is set and a `global.json` exists, the compiler does not
+  auto-promote — the default `"8.0.x"` is used. Opt in explicitly with the
+  sentinel.
+
+When enabled, the compiler:
+- Injects `UseDotNet@2` into `{{ prepare_steps }}` (runs before AWF)
+- If `feed-url` is set, injects an ensure-`nuget.config` step (writes a minimal `nuget.config` referencing the feed only when one doesn't already exist) and `NuGetAuthenticate@1`
+- If `config` is set (and `feed-url` is not), injects `NuGetAuthenticate@1` only — the user-checked-in `nuget.config` is assumed to be present in the workspace
+- Auto-adds `dotnet` to the bash command allow-list
+- Adds .NET ecosystem domains to the network allowlist (nuget.org, dotnet.microsoft.com, pkgs.dev.azure.com, etc.)
+- Appends a prompt supplement informing the agent about .NET availability
+- No AWF mounts or PATH prepends needed — `UseDotNet@2` installs to `/opt/hostedtoolcache` (auto-mounted by AWF) and publishes PATH entries that AWF merges via `$GITHUB_PATH`
+
+**Differences from the Python and Node runtimes** (called out for clarity, since this runtime intentionally diverges):
+- **No agent env var is injected for `feed-url`.** Unlike `pip` (`PIP_INDEX_URL`) and `npm` (`NPM_CONFIG_REGISTRY`), NuGet has no first-class environment-variable equivalent for selecting a package source. Feed configuration always goes through a `nuget.config` file.
+- **`config:` is functional, not a deferred warning.** AWF only overlays files in `$HOME` (e.g., `~/.npmrc` → `/dev/null`); workspace files such as `nuget.config` are preserved inside the agent sandbox, so a checked-in `nuget.config` works today.
+- **`NuGetAuthenticate@1` requires no `workingFile:` input.** It auto-discovers `nuget.config` files anywhere in the workspace, unlike `npmAuthenticate@0` which needs an explicit path.
+
 ### Combining Runtimes
 
 Multiple runtimes can be enabled simultaneously:
@@ -113,6 +175,8 @@ runtimes:
     version: "3.12"
   node:
     version: "22.x"
+  dotnet:
+    version: "8.0.x"
   lean: true
 ```
 

src/compile/common.rs

@@ -2581,6 +2581,7 @@ mod tests {
             lean: Some(crate::runtimes::lean::LeanRuntimeConfig::Enabled(true)),
             python: None,
             node: None,
+            dotnet: None,
         });
         let params = CompileContext::for_test(&fm).engine.args(&fm, &crate::compile::extensions::collect_extensions(&fm)).unwrap();
         assert!(params.contains("shell(lean)"), "lean command should be allowed");
@@ -2603,6 +2604,7 @@ mod tests {
             lean: Some(crate::runtimes::lean::LeanRuntimeConfig::Enabled(true)),
             python: None,
             node: None,
+            dotnet: None,
         });
         let params = CompileContext::for_test(&fm).engine.args(&fm, &crate::compile::extensions::collect_extensions(&fm)).unwrap();
         assert!(params.contains("--allow-all-tools"), "wildcard should use --allow-all-tools");

src/compile/extensions/mod.rs

@@ -104,6 +104,11 @@ pub struct CompileContext<'a> {
     pub ado_context: Option<AdoContext>,
     /// Resolved engine based on the front matter `engine:` field.
     pub engine: Engine,
+    /// Directory containing the agent markdown being compiled (i.e. the
+    /// repo-relative dir against which paths like `global.json` /
+    /// `nuget.config` should be resolved). `None` for unit-test contexts
+    /// where no on-disk repo exists.
+    pub compile_dir: Option<&'a Path>,
 }
 
 impl<'a> CompileContext<'a> {
@@ -112,14 +117,15 @@ impl<'a> CompileContext<'a> {
     /// Resolves the engine implementation from front matter and infers ADO
     /// context from the git remote in `compile_dir`. Returns an error if
     /// the engine identifier is unsupported.
-    pub async fn new(front_matter: &'a FrontMatter, compile_dir: &Path) -> Result<Self> {
+    pub async fn new(front_matter: &'a FrontMatter, compile_dir: &'a Path) -> Result<Self> {
         let engine = engine::get_engine(front_matter.engine.engine_id())?;
         let ado_context = Self::infer_ado_context(compile_dir).await;
         Ok(Self {
             agent_name: &front_matter.name,
             front_matter,
             ado_context,
             engine,
+            compile_dir: Some(compile_dir),
         })
     }
 
@@ -168,6 +174,7 @@ impl<'a> CompileContext<'a> {
             front_matter,
             ado_context: None,
             engine: crate::engine::Engine::Copilot,
+            compile_dir: None,
         }
     }
 
@@ -183,6 +190,19 @@ impl<'a> CompileContext<'a> {
                 repo_name: "test-repo".to_string(),
             }),
             engine: crate::engine::Engine::Copilot,
+            compile_dir: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Create a context for tests with a specific compile directory.
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub fn for_test_with_compile_dir(front_matter: &'a FrontMatter, compile_dir: &'a Path) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            agent_name: &front_matter.name,
+            front_matter,
+            ado_context: None,
+            engine: crate::engine::Engine::Copilot,
+            compile_dir: Some(compile_dir),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -560,6 +580,7 @@ pub(crate) mod trigger_filters;
 pub use crate::tools::azure_devops::AzureDevOpsExtension;
 pub use crate::tools::cache_memory::CacheMemoryExtension;
 pub use github::GitHubExtension;
+pub use crate::runtimes::dotnet::DotnetExtension;
 pub use crate::runtimes::lean::LeanExtension;
 pub use crate::runtimes::node::NodeExtension;
 pub use crate::runtimes::python::PythonExtension;
@@ -577,6 +598,7 @@ extension_enum! {
         Lean(LeanExtension),
         Python(PythonExtension),
         Node(NodeExtension),
+        Dotnet(DotnetExtension),
         AzureDevOps(AzureDevOpsExtension),
         CacheMemory(CacheMemoryExtension),
         TriggerFilters(TriggerFiltersExtension),
@@ -621,6 +643,11 @@ pub fn collect_extensions(front_matter: &FrontMatter) -> Vec<Extension> {
             extensions.push(Extension::Node(NodeExtension::new(node.clone())));
         }
     }
+    if let Some(dotnet) = front_matter.runtimes.as_ref().and_then(|r| r.dotnet.as_ref()) {
+        if dotnet.is_enabled() {
+            extensions.push(Extension::Dotnet(DotnetExtension::new(dotnet.clone())));
+        }
+    }
 
     // ── First-party tools (ExtensionPhase::Tool) ──
     if let Some(tools) = front_matter.tools.as_ref() {