diff --git a/packages/core/src/tools/mcp-client.test.ts b/packages/core/src/tools/mcp-client.test.ts
index 4d682c52c2b..409f7b47275 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/tools/mcp-client.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/tools/mcp-client.test.ts
@@ -2225,6 +2225,26 @@ describe('mcp-client', () => {
           vi.unstubAllGlobals();
         }
       });
+
+      it('encodes non-ByteString header values for httpUrl transports', async () => {
+        const transport = await createTransport(
+          'test-server',
+          {
+            httpUrl: 'http://test-server',
+            headers: { 'X-Custom': 'mąka' },
+          },
+          false,
+          MOCK_CONTEXT,
+        );
+
+        const headers = (unwrap(transport) as TestableTransport)._requestInit
+          ?.headers;
+
+        expect(() => new Headers(headers)).not.toThrow();
+        expect(headers?.['X-Custom']).toBe(
+          Buffer.from('mąka', 'utf8').toString('latin1'),
+        );
+      });
     });
 
     describe('should connect via url', () => {
diff --git a/packages/core/src/tools/mcp-client.ts b/packages/core/src/tools/mcp-client.ts
index 47048526d22..5e512c5655e 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/tools/mcp-client.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/tools/mcp-client.ts
@@ -1002,13 +1002,35 @@ function createTransportRequestInit(
   }
 
   return {
-    headers: {
+    headers: encodeHeaderValuesForFetch({
       ...expandedHeaders,
       ...headers,
-    },
+    }),
   };
 }
 
+function encodeHeaderValuesForFetch(
+  headers: Record<string, string>,
+): Record<string, string> {
+  return Object.fromEntries(
+    Object.entries(headers).map(([key, value]) => [
+      key,
+      isByteString(value)
+        ? value
+        : Buffer.from(value, 'utf8').toString('latin1'),
+    ]),
+  );
+}
+
+function isByteString(value: string): boolean {
+  for (const char of value) {
+    if (char.codePointAt(0)! > 255) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 /**
  * Create an AuthProvider for the MCP Transport.
  *
@@ -1673,10 +1695,10 @@ function createSSETransportWithAuth(
   config: MCPServerConfig,
   accessToken?: string | null,
 ): SSEClientTransport {
-  const headers = {
+  const headers = encodeHeaderValuesForFetch({
     ...config.headers,
     ...(accessToken ? { Authorization: `Bearer ${accessToken}` } : {}),
-  };
+  });
 
   const options: SSEClientTransportOptions = {};
   if (Object.keys(headers).length > 0) {