Support sub-agent escalation event in ParallelAgent

Author: jinnigu

src/google/adk/agents/parallel_agent.py

@@ -48,12 +48,25 @@ def _create_branch_ctx_for_sub_agent(
   return invocation_context
 
 
+def _has_escalate_action(event: Event) -> bool:
+  """Returns whether the event asks the parent workflow to exit early."""
+  return bool(event.actions.escalate)
+
+
+def _cancel_tasks(tasks: list[asyncio.Task[None]]) -> None:
+  """Cancels still-running merge tasks."""
+  for task in tasks:
+    if not task.done():
+      task.cancel()
+
+
 async def _merge_agent_run(
     agent_runs: list[AsyncGenerator[Event, None]],
 ) -> AsyncGenerator[Event, None]:
   """Merges agent runs using asyncio.TaskGroup on Python 3.11+."""
   sentinel = object()
   queue = asyncio.Queue()
+  tasks: list[asyncio.Task[None]] = []
 
   # Agents are processed in parallel.
   # Events for each agent are put on queue sequentially.
@@ -70,7 +83,7 @@ async def process_an_agent(events_for_one_agent):
 
   async with asyncio.TaskGroup() as tg:
     for events_for_one_agent in agent_runs:
-      tg.create_task(process_an_agent(events_for_one_agent))
+      tasks.append(tg.create_task(process_an_agent(events_for_one_agent)))
 
     sentinel_count = 0
     # Run until all agents finished processing.
@@ -81,6 +94,9 @@ async def process_an_agent(events_for_one_agent):
         sentinel_count += 1
       else:
         yield event
+        if _has_escalate_action(event):
+          _cancel_tasks(tasks)
+          return
         # Signal to agent that it should generate next event.
         resume_signal.set()
 
@@ -124,7 +140,7 @@ async def process_an_agent(events_for_one_agent):
       # Mark agent as finished.
       await queue.put((sentinel, None))
 
-  tasks = []
+  tasks: list[asyncio.Task[None]] = []
   try:
     for events_for_one_agent in agent_runs:
       tasks.append(asyncio.create_task(process_an_agent(events_for_one_agent)))
@@ -139,12 +155,16 @@ async def process_an_agent(events_for_one_agent):
         sentinel_count += 1
       else:
         yield event
+        if _has_escalate_action(event):
+          _cancel_tasks(tasks)
+          return
         # Signal to agent that event has been processed by runner and it can
         # continue now.
         resume_signal.set()
   finally:
-    for task in tasks:
-      task.cancel()
+    _cancel_tasks(tasks)
+    if tasks:
+      await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
 
 
 class ParallelAgent(BaseAgent):
@@ -181,6 +201,7 @@ async def _run_async_impl(
       if not sub_agent_ctx.end_of_agents.get(sub_agent.name):
         agent_runs.append(sub_agent.run_async(sub_agent_ctx))
 
+    escalated = False
     pause_invocation = False
     try:
       merge_func = (
@@ -191,15 +212,18 @@ async def _run_async_impl(
       async with Aclosing(merge_func(agent_runs)) as agen:
         async for event in agen:
           yield event
-          if ctx.should_pause_invocation(event):
+          if _has_escalate_action(event):
+            escalated = True
+          elif ctx.should_pause_invocation(event):
             pause_invocation = True
 
-      if pause_invocation:
+      if pause_invocation and not escalated:
         return
 
       # Once all sub-agents are done, mark the ParallelAgent as final.
-      if ctx.is_resumable and all(
-          ctx.end_of_agents.get(sub_agent.name) for sub_agent in self.sub_agents
+      if ctx.is_resumable and (
+          escalated
+          or all(ctx.end_of_agents.get(sub_agent.name) for sub_agent in self.sub_agents)
       ):
         ctx.set_agent_state(self.name, end_of_agent=True)
         yield self._create_agent_state_event(ctx)

tests/unittests/agents/test_parallel_agent.py

@@ -15,8 +15,10 @@
 """Tests for the ParallelAgent."""
 
 import asyncio
+from types import SimpleNamespace
 from typing import AsyncGenerator
 
+from google.adk.agents import parallel_agent as parallel_agent_module
 from google.adk.agents.base_agent import BaseAgent
 from google.adk.agents.base_agent import BaseAgentState
 from google.adk.agents.invocation_context import InvocationContext
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@
 from google.adk.agents.sequential_agent import SequentialAgentState
 from google.adk.apps.app import ResumabilityConfig
 from google.adk.events.event import Event
+from google.adk.events.event_actions import EventActions
 from google.adk.sessions.in_memory_session_service import InMemorySessionService
 from google.genai import types
 import pytest
@@ -36,14 +39,21 @@ class _TestingAgent(BaseAgent):
   delay: float = 0
   """The delay before the agent generates an event."""
 
-  def event(self, ctx: InvocationContext):
+  def event(
+      self,
+      ctx: InvocationContext,
+      *,
+      text: str | None = None,
+      actions: EventActions | None = None,
+  ):
     return Event(
         author=self.name,
         branch=ctx.branch,
         invocation_id=ctx.invocation_id,
         content=types.Content(
-            parts=[types.Part(text=f'Hello, async {self.name}!')]
+            parts=[types.Part(text=text or f'Hello, async {self.name}!')]
         ),
+        actions=actions if actions is not None else EventActions(),
     )
 
   @override
@@ -342,6 +352,22 @@ async def _run_async_impl(
       yield self.event(ctx)
 
 
+class _TestingAgentWithEscalateAction(_TestingAgent):
+  """Mock agent for testing escalation short-circuit behavior."""
+
+  @override
+  async def _run_async_impl(
+      self, ctx: InvocationContext
+  ) -> AsyncGenerator[Event, None]:
+    await asyncio.sleep(self.delay)
+    yield self.event(
+        ctx,
+        text=f'Escalating from {self.name}!',
+        actions=EventActions(escalate=True),
+    )
+    yield self.event(ctx, text='This event should be cancelled after escalation.')
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_stop_agent_if_sub_agent_fails(
     request: pytest.FixtureRequest,
@@ -373,3 +399,84 @@ async def test_stop_agent_if_sub_agent_fails(
     async for _ in agen:
       # The infinite agent could iterate a few times depending on scheduling.
       pass
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('is_resumable', [True, False])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_pre_3_11_merge', [False, True])
+async def test_run_async_short_circuits_other_agents_on_escalate_action(
+    request: pytest.FixtureRequest,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    is_resumable: bool,
+    use_pre_3_11_merge: bool,
+):
+  if use_pre_3_11_merge:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        parallel_agent_module,
+        'sys',
+        SimpleNamespace(version_info=(3, 10)),
+    )
+
+  fast_agent = _TestingAgent(
+      name=f'{request.function.__name__}_test_fast_agent',
+      delay=0.05,
+  )
+  escalating_agent = _TestingAgentWithEscalateAction(
+      name=f'{request.function.__name__}_test_escalating_agent',
+      delay=0.1,
+  )
+  slow_agent = _TestingAgent(
+      name=f'{request.function.__name__}_test_slow_agent',
+      delay=0.5,
+  )
+  parallel_agent = ParallelAgent(
+      name=f'{request.function.__name__}_test_parallel_agent',
+      sub_agents=[fast_agent, escalating_agent, slow_agent],
+  )
+  parent_ctx = await _create_parent_invocation_context(
+      request.function.__name__, parallel_agent, is_resumable=is_resumable
+  )
+
+  events = [e async for e in parallel_agent.run_async(parent_ctx)]
+
+  assert all(event.author != slow_agent.name for event in events)
+  assert all(
+      not event.content
+      or not event.content.parts
+      or event.content.parts[0].text
+      != 'This event should be cancelled after escalation.'
+      for event in events
+  )
+
+  if is_resumable:
+    assert len(events) == 4
+
+    assert events[0].author == parallel_agent.name
+    assert not events[0].actions.end_of_agent
+
+    assert events[1].author == fast_agent.name
+    assert events[1].branch == f'{parallel_agent.name}.{fast_agent.name}'
+    assert events[1].content.parts[0].text == f'Hello, async {fast_agent.name}!'
+
+    assert events[2].author == escalating_agent.name
+    assert events[2].branch == f'{parallel_agent.name}.{escalating_agent.name}'
+    assert events[2].content.parts[0].text == (
+        f'Escalating from {escalating_agent.name}!'
+    )
+    assert events[2].actions.escalate
+
+    assert events[3].author == parallel_agent.name
+    assert events[3].actions.end_of_agent
+  else:
+    assert len(events) == 2
+
+    assert events[0].author == fast_agent.name
+    assert events[0].branch == f'{parallel_agent.name}.{fast_agent.name}'
+    assert events[0].content.parts[0].text == f'Hello, async {fast_agent.name}!'
+
+    assert events[1].author == escalating_agent.name
+    assert events[1].branch == f'{parallel_agent.name}.{escalating_agent.name}'
+    assert events[1].content.parts[0].text == (
+        f'Escalating from {escalating_agent.name}!'
+    )
+    assert events[1].actions.escalate

tests/unittests/runners/test_resume_invocation.py

@@ -13,12 +13,20 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 """Tests for edge cases of resuming invocations."""
 
+import asyncio
 import copy
+from typing import AsyncGenerator
 
+from google.adk.agents.base_agent import BaseAgent
+from google.adk.agents.invocation_context import InvocationContext
 from google.adk.agents.llm_agent import LlmAgent
+from google.adk.agents.parallel_agent import ParallelAgent
 from google.adk.apps.app import App
 from google.adk.apps.app import ResumabilityConfig
+from google.adk.events.event import Event
+from google.adk.events.event_actions import EventActions
 from google.adk.tools.long_running_tool import LongRunningFunctionTool
+from google.genai import types
 from google.genai.types import FunctionResponse
 from google.genai.types import Part
 import pytest
@@ -41,6 +49,43 @@ def test_tool() -> dict[str, str]:
   return {"result": "test tool result"}
 
 
+test_tool.__test__ = False
+
+
+class _ParallelEscalationTestingAgent(BaseAgent):
+  """A testing agent that emits a single event after a delay."""
+
+  delay: float = 0
+  response_text: str = ""
+  escalate: bool = False
+  emit_follow_up_after_first_event: bool = False
+
+  def _create_event(
+      self,
+      ctx: InvocationContext,
+      text: str,
+      *,
+      escalate: bool = False,
+  ) -> Event:
+    return Event(
+        author=self.name,
+        branch=ctx.branch,
+        invocation_id=ctx.invocation_id,
+        content=types.Content(role="model", parts=[types.Part(text=text)]),
+        actions=EventActions(escalate=True) if escalate else EventActions(),
+    )
+
+  async def _run_async_impl(
+      self, ctx: InvocationContext
+  ) -> AsyncGenerator[Event, None]:
+    await asyncio.sleep(self.delay)
+    yield self._create_event(
+        ctx, self.response_text, escalate=self.escalate
+    )
+    if self.emit_follow_up_after_first_event:
+      yield self._create_event(ctx, "This event should not be emitted.")
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_resume_invocation_from_sub_agent():
   """A test case for an edge case, where an invocation-to-resume starts from a sub-agent.
@@ -252,3 +297,68 @@ async def test_resume_any_invocation():
       ),
       (root_agent.name, testing_utils.END_OF_AGENT),
   ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_resumable_parallel_agent_escalation_short_circuits_persisted_run():
+  """Runner persists fast+escalating events and marks the parent run complete."""
+  fast_agent = _ParallelEscalationTestingAgent(
+      name="fast_agent",
+      delay=0.05,
+      response_text="fast response",
+  )
+  escalating_agent = _ParallelEscalationTestingAgent(
+      name="escalating_agent",
+      delay=0.1,
+      response_text="escalating response",
+      escalate=True,
+      emit_follow_up_after_first_event=True,
+  )
+  slow_agent = _ParallelEscalationTestingAgent(
+      name="slow_agent",
+      delay=0.5,
+      response_text="slow response",
+  )
+  runner = testing_utils.InMemoryRunner(
+      app=App(
+          name="test_app",
+          root_agent=ParallelAgent(
+              name="root_agent",
+              sub_agents=[fast_agent, escalating_agent, slow_agent],
+          ),
+          resumability_config=ResumabilityConfig(is_resumable=True),
+      )
+  )
+
+  invocation_events = await runner.run_async("test user query")
+  simplified_events = testing_utils.simplify_resumable_app_events(
+      copy.deepcopy(invocation_events)
+  )
+
+  assert simplified_events == [
+      ("root_agent", {}),
+      ("fast_agent", "fast response"),
+      ("escalating_agent", "escalating response"),
+      ("root_agent", testing_utils.END_OF_AGENT),
+  ]
+
+  session = await runner.runner.session_service.get_session(
+      app_name=runner.app_name,
+      user_id="test_user",
+      session_id=runner.session_id,
+  )
+  persisted_events = [
+      event
+      for event in session.events
+      if event.invocation_id == invocation_events[0].invocation_id
+      and event.author != "user"
+  ]
+  assert testing_utils.simplify_resumable_app_events(
+      copy.deepcopy(persisted_events)
+  ) == simplified_events
+  assert all(event.author != "slow_agent" for event in persisted_events)
+
+  # A completed resumable invocation should not restart cancelled siblings.
+  assert not await runner.run_async(
+      invocation_id=invocation_events[0].invocation_id
+  )