feat(stackdriver-core): Upgrade to Ruby 3.2 minimum #106003

Job	Run time
CI (ubuntu-latest, 3.4, --test)	45s
CI (windows-latest, 4.0, --test)	2m 27s
CI (macos-latest, 4.0, --test)	49s
CI (ubuntu-latest, 4.0, --rubocop-toplevel --rubocop --build --yard --linkinator)	56s
CI (ubuntu-latest, 3.3, --test)	57s
CI (ubuntu-latest, 3.1, --test)	59s
CI (ubuntu-latest, 4.0, --test)	37s
CI (ubuntu-latest, 3.2, --test)	52s
	8m 22s

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