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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: questions/explain-the-differences-between-commonjs-modules-and-es-modules/en-US.mdx
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| Module Syntax |`require()` for importing `module.exports` for exporting |`import` for importing `export` for exporting |
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| Environment | Primarily used in Node.js for server-side development | Designed for both browser and server-side JavaScript (Node.js) |
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| Loading | Synchronous loading of modules | Asynchronous loading of modules |
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| Structure | Dynamic imports, can be conditionally called |Static imports/exports at the toplevel |
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| Structure | Dynamic imports, can be conditionally called |ES modules use static top-level import/export statements, while dynamic loading is supported separately via the `import()`|
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| File extensions |`.js` (default) |`.mjs` or `.js` (with `type: "module"` in `package.json`) |
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| Browser support | Not natively supported in browsers | Natively supported in modern browsers |
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| Optimization | Limited optimization due to dynamic nature | Allows for optimizations like tree-shaking due to static structure |
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