1+ <!DOCTYPE html>
2+ < html lang ="en ">
3+ < head >
4+ < meta charset ="UTF-8 ">
5+ < meta name ="viewport " content ="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0 ">
6+ < title > Mongolian IPA Transcription - Help</ title >
7+ < link href ="../css/tacit-css-1.7.1.min.css " rel ="stylesheet ">
8+ < link href ="help.css " rel ="stylesheet ">
9+ </ head >
10+ < body >
11+ < div id ="content ">
12+ < h1 > Mongolian IPA Transcription - Help</ h1 >
13+
14+ < p > < a href ="../index.html?lang=Mongolian "> ← Back to Mongolian transcription</ a > </ p >
15+
16+ < h2 > About This Implementation</ h2 >
17+
18+ < p > This < a href ="../index.html?lang=Mongolian "> Mongolian transcription app</ a > uses a modified version of the < a
19+ href ="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module:mn-IPA " target ="_blank " rel ="noopener noreferrer "> Wiktionary
20+ Mongolian Pronunciation Module</ a > to generate phonemic transcriptions for Mongolian text, updated based on < em > The
21+ Phonology of Mongolian</ em > by Jan-Olof Svantesson et al. (2005), aiming for representation of the Standard Halh
22+ dialect as spoken in Ulaanbaatar.</ p >
23+
24+ < h2 > Dialects Supported</ h2 >
25+ < ul >
26+ < li > < strong > Default</ strong > - Standard Halh (Khalkha). The official standard language of Mongolia.</ li >
27+
28+ </ ul >
29+
30+ < h2 > Transcription Forms</ h2 >
31+ < ul >
32+ < li > < strong > Phonemic</ strong > : A simplified, broad transcription that shows only the sounds that are essential
33+ for distinguishing meaning (phonemes). It represents the abstract sound system of the language. It uses
34+ voiced symbols (< code > b, d, g</ code > ) for lenis stops and aspirated symbols (< code > pʰ, tʰ, kʰ</ code > ) for
35+ fortis stops.
36+ </ li >
37+ </ ul >
38+
39+
40+ < h2 > Key Phonological Rules</ h2 >
41+ < ul >
42+ < li > < strong > Vowel Reduction:</ strong > Mongolian has a strong distinction between initial and non-initial
43+ syllables. Short vowels in non-initial syllables are treated as epenthetic and reduced to Schwa
44+ (< code > /ə/</ code > ).
45+ </ li >
46+ < li > < strong > Initial Merger:</ strong > In the first syllable, the short vowels < code > э</ code > and < code > и</ code >
47+ are merged to < code > /i/</ code > .
48+ </ li >
49+ < li > < strong > Diphthong Preservation:</ strong > Unlike Inner Mongolian dialects which monophthongize sounds, Halh
50+ preserves diphthongs (e.g., < code > ай</ code > becomes < code > /ai/</ code > , not < code > /ɛː/</ code > ).
51+ </ li >
52+ < li > < strong > Nasal Assimilation:</ strong > The dental nasal < code > н</ code > assimilates to the velar nasal < code > /ŋ/</ code >
53+ before velar consonants (< code > г, к, х</ code > ) and at the end of words.
54+ </ li >
55+ < li > < strong > Syllable Coda Glides:</ strong > The letter < code > в</ code > in a syllable coda (end of a syllable) is
56+ realized as the glide < code > /w/</ code > rather than a fricative.
57+ </ li >
58+ < li > < strong > Palatalization:</ strong > Consonants are automatically palatalized in specific contexts, notably the
59+ fricative < code > ш</ code > becoming < code > /ɕ/</ code > before < code > i</ code > .
60+ </ li >
61+ < li > < strong > Absence of Stress:</ strong > Following Svantesson (2005), word stress is considered non-phonemic in
62+ Mongolian. Therefore, no stress marks (< code > ˈ</ code > ) are generated.
63+ </ li >
64+ </ ul >
65+
66+ < h2 > Technical Information</ h2 >
67+ < p > This implementation is based on the < a href ="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module:mn-pronunciation "
68+ target ="_blank "
69+ rel ="noopener noreferrer "> Wiktionary
70+ Mongolian pronunciation module</ a > , but has been modified to adhere to the phonological analysis in < em > The
71+ Phonology of Mongolian</ em > (Svantesson et al., 2005). Key modifications include:</ p >
72+ < ul >
73+ < li > < strong > Stress Removal:</ strong > The logic for generating phonemic stress marks was removed, as stress is
74+ non-contrastive in Mongolian.
75+ </ li >
76+ < li > < strong > Schwa Generation:</ strong > A syllable-aware processing loop was added to correctly reduce
77+ non-initial short vowels to < code > /ə/</ code > while preserving full vowels in the initial syllable.
78+ </ li >
79+ < li > < strong > Dialect Correction:</ strong > Vowel mappings were adjusted to reflect Standard Halh (Ulaanbaatar)
80+ rather than Chahar/Inner Mongolian (e.g., restoring diphthongs and the initial < code > э/и</ code > merger).
81+ </ li >
82+ </ ul >
83+ < hr >
84+ < p > < small > For technical issues or suggestions, please visit our < a
85+ href ="https://github.com/hellpanderrr/hellpanderrr.github.io/tree/main/wiktionary_pron " target ="_blank "
86+ rel ="noopener noreferrer "> GitHub
87+ repository</ a > .</ small > </ p >
88+ </ div >
89+ </ body >
90+ </ html >
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