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| 1 | +[](https://github.com/sponsors/hyperpolymath) |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0 |
| 4 | +// Copyright (c) 2026 Jonathan D.A. Jewell (hyperpolymath) <j.d.a.jewell@open.ac.uk> |
| 5 | += Bqniser |
| 6 | +Jonathan D.A. Jewell <j.d.a.jewell@open.ac.uk> |
| 7 | +:toc: left |
| 8 | +:icons: font |
| 9 | + |
| 10 | +== What Is This? |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +**BQNiser** scans your existing code for array computation patterns -- loops, |
| 13 | +maps, folds, reductions, comprehensions -- and rewrites them as optimised |
| 14 | +https://mlochbaum.github.io/BQN/[BQN] array primitives. |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | +BQN (by Marshall Lochbaum) is an array language descended from APL/J/K. |
| 17 | +It brings first-class functions, trains (`∘ ○ ⊸ ⟜`), under/structural-under |
| 18 | +combinators (`⌾`), rank polymorphism, and leading-axis theory to array |
| 19 | +processing. BQNiser lets you harness 10-100x speedups on array-heavy |
| 20 | +workloads *without learning BQN yourself*. |
| 21 | + |
| 22 | +Where your Python loop takes 200ms to filter-then-reduce a million-row column, |
| 23 | +a single BQN expression using `/` (replicate), `⌽` (reverse), or `⍋` (grade-up) |
| 24 | +completes in under 2ms via https://github.com/dzaima/CBQN[CBQN]'s vectorised |
| 25 | +runtime. |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | +== How It Works |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +BQNiser follows the https://github.com/hyperpolymath/iseriser[-iser pattern]: |
| 30 | +you describe *what* you want; the tool generates *everything*. |
| 31 | + |
| 32 | +1. **Manifest** (`bqniser.toml`) -- describe your workload, entry points, data shapes |
| 33 | +2. **Source Analysis** -- AST-based detection of array patterns in Rust, Python, or Julia source |
| 34 | +3. **Pattern Matching** -- map detected patterns to BQN primitives: |
| 35 | + - Nested loops over arrays -> `¨` (each), `⌜` (table) |
| 36 | + - Accumulate/reduce -> `´` (fold), `` ` `` (scan) |
| 37 | + - Filter -> `/` (replicate) with boolean mask |
| 38 | + - Sort/rank -> `⍋` (grade-up), `⍒` (grade-down) |
| 39 | + - Reshape/transpose -> `⥊` (reshape), `⍉` (transpose) |
| 40 | + - Concatenation -> `∾` (join) |
| 41 | + - Index selection -> `⊏` (select) |
| 42 | + - Reversal -> `⌽` (reverse), `⌾` (under) for structural transforms |
| 43 | +4. **Idris2 ABI** (`src/interface/abi/`) -- formal proofs that each rewrite preserves |
| 44 | + input-output equivalence (dependent types guarantee correctness) |
| 45 | +5. **BQN Codegen** -- emit optimised BQN source using trains and tacit style |
| 46 | +6. **CBQN FFI Bridge** (`src/interface/ffi/`) -- Zig-based C-ABI bridge to the |
| 47 | + https://github.com/dzaima/CBQN[CBQN] runtime, so generated BQN runs |
| 48 | + in-process with zero serialisation overhead |
| 49 | + |
| 50 | +== Key Value |
| 51 | + |
| 52 | +* **10-100x on array operations** -- vectorised BQN primitives beat scalar loops |
| 53 | +* **Automatic pattern detection** -- finds optimisable code via AST analysis |
| 54 | +* **Equivalence proofs** -- Idris2 dependent types prove rewrites preserve semantics |
| 55 | +* **Gradual adoption** -- replace hot loops one at a time, keep the rest untouched |
| 56 | +* **Zero BQN knowledge required** -- the tool generates all BQN and FFI code |
| 57 | +* **Rank polymorphism** -- BQN's leading-axis theory means primitives generalise |
| 58 | + across any number of dimensions automatically |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +== BQN Primitives Reference |
| 61 | + |
| 62 | +BQNiser targets these core primitives and combinators: |
| 63 | + |
| 64 | +[cols="1,2,3"] |
| 65 | +|=== |
| 66 | +| Glyph | Name | Detected Pattern |
| 67 | + |
| 68 | +| `∾` | Join | `concat`, `append`, `extend` |
| 69 | +| `⌽` | Reverse | `reversed()`, `[::-1]` |
| 70 | +| `⍋` | Grade Up | `sorted()`, `argsort` |
| 71 | +| `⍒` | Grade Down | `sorted(reverse=True)` |
| 72 | +| `/` | Replicate | `filter`, boolean indexing |
| 73 | +| `⊏` | Select | `arr[indices]`, `take`, `gather` |
| 74 | +| `⥊` | Reshape | `reshape`, `flatten`, `ravel` |
| 75 | +| `⍉` | Transpose | `transpose`, `T`, axis permutation |
| 76 | +| `¨` | Each | `map`, list comprehension |
| 77 | +| `⌜` | Table | nested `map`, outer product |
| 78 | +| `´` | Fold | `reduce`, `foldl`, `inject` |
| 79 | +| `` ` `` | Scan | `accumulate`, `scanl`, prefix sums |
| 80 | +| `⌾` | Under | structural transforms, lens-like updates |
| 81 | +| `∘○⊸⟜` | Trains | function composition, tacit pipelines |
| 82 | +|=== |
| 83 | + |
| 84 | +== Architecture |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +``` |
| 87 | + bqniser.toml src/interface/abi/ src/interface/ffi/ |
| 88 | + ┌──────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ |
| 89 | + │ Manifest │──parse──→│ Idris2 ABI │──gen──→│ Zig FFI │ |
| 90 | + │ (TOML) │ │ (Types, Layout, │ │ (CBQN embedding │ |
| 91 | + └──────────┘ │ Foreign) │ │ C-ABI bridge) │ |
| 92 | + │ └────────┬────────┘ └────────┬────────┘ |
| 93 | + │ │ │ |
| 94 | + ▼ ▼ ▼ |
| 95 | + ┌──────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ |
| 96 | + │ Rust CLI │──scan──→ │ Pattern Matcher │──emit─→│ BQN Codegen │ |
| 97 | + │ (clap) │ │ (AST → BQN map)│ │ (.bqn files) │ |
| 98 | + └──────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ |
| 99 | +``` |
| 100 | + |
| 101 | +* **Rust CLI** -- parses manifest, invokes AST analysis, orchestrates generation |
| 102 | +* **Pattern Matcher** -- maps source-level patterns to BQN primitive candidates |
| 103 | +* **Idris2 ABI** -- proves BQN value layout (array header + shape vector + data cells), |
| 104 | + proves rewrite equivalence for each transformation |
| 105 | +* **BQN Codegen** -- emits idiomatic BQN using trains, under, and tacit definitions |
| 106 | +* **Zig FFI** -- bridges CBQN's C API (`BQN_NewEval`, `BQN_Call`, value accessors), |
| 107 | + handles BQN value lifecycle and memory management |
| 108 | + |
| 109 | +Part of the https://github.com/hyperpolymath/iseriser[-iser family] of |
| 110 | +acceleration frameworks. |
| 111 | + |
| 112 | +== Use Cases |
| 113 | + |
| 114 | +* **Data processing pipelines** -- ETL stages with heavy filtering, sorting, reshaping |
| 115 | +* **Scientific computing** -- matrix operations, statistical reductions, signal processing |
| 116 | +* **Financial analytics** -- rolling windows, aggregations, time-series transforms |
| 117 | +* **Compiler/transpiler backends** -- batch AST transformations as array operations |
| 118 | +* **ETL optimisation** -- replace row-by-row processing with bulk array primitives |
| 119 | + |
| 120 | +== Quick Start |
| 121 | + |
| 122 | +```bash |
| 123 | +# Initialise a manifest |
| 124 | +bqniser init |
| 125 | + |
| 126 | +# Edit bqniser.toml to describe your workload |
| 127 | +# (see examples/ for patterns) |
| 128 | + |
| 129 | +# Generate BQN + FFI artifacts |
| 130 | +bqniser generate |
| 131 | + |
| 132 | +# Build everything |
| 133 | +bqniser build |
| 134 | + |
| 135 | +# Run |
| 136 | +bqniser run |
| 137 | +``` |
| 138 | + |
| 139 | +== Status |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | +**Codebase in progress.** Architecture defined, CLI scaffolded, Idris2 ABI types |
| 142 | +and Zig FFI bridge stubbed. Pattern detection engine and BQN codegen are the |
| 143 | +active development frontier. |
| 144 | + |
| 145 | +== License |
| 146 | + |
| 147 | +SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0 |
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