fix(ci): close the governance gate — SPDX, permissions, SHA pins, reusable bump (#26)

The governance gate is all-jobs-must-pass, so these ship as one commit;
individually none of them turns the repo green.

* SPDX line-1 header and a top-level `permissions:` block on every
  workflow file (the two `Workflow security linter` checks).
* Every `uses:` tag reference resolved to a full 40-hex commit SHA. This
  satisfies the linter and also the repository's own
  `sha_pinning_required` Actions policy, which refuses `@v4` at parse
  time — a refusal that produces no check run at all.
* `hypatia-scan.yml` now grants `security-events: write`. This is not
  cosmetic and is not separable from the pin bump below: at HEAD the
  reusable declares `security-events: write` where the old pin declared
  `read`, and a called workflow cannot escalate beyond its caller's
  grant. Bumping the pin without this would fail at parse time.
* The three reusables watched by the staleness gate (governance,
  hypatia-scan, scorecard) advanced to standards HEAD, which is 62
  commits ahead of the false-green cache fix and includes the
  deny-list-negative fix from standards#524.

`mirror-reusable` and `secret-scanner-reusable` are deliberately left on
their current pins: the staleness gate does not watch them, so they are
not holding anything red, and bumping them carries unrelated risk.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: hyperpolymath

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,11 @@ on:
   schedule:
     - cron: '42 19 * * 4'
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  security-events: write
+  actions: read
+
 jobs:
   analyze:
     name: Analyze (${{ matrix.language }})
@@ -58,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
         # your codebase is analyzed, see https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/code-scanning/creating-an-advanced-setup-for-code-scanning/codeql-code-scanning-for-compiled-languages
     steps:
     - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      uses: actions/checkout@11d5960a326750d5838078e36cf38b85af677262 # v4
 
     # Add any setup steps before running the `github/codeql-action/init` action.
     # This includes steps like installing compilers or runtimes (`actions/setup-node`
@@ -68,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v4
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@e0647621c2984b5ed2f768cb892365bf2a616ad1 # v4
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
@@ -97,6 +102,6 @@ jobs:
         exit 1
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v4
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@e0647621c2984b5ed2f768cb892365bf2a616ad1 # v4
       with:
         category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"