- 1. Overview
- 2. Basic Queries
- 3. Graph Queries (Oxigraph)
- 4. Vector Queries (Milvus)
- 5. Semantic Queries (verisim-semantic + proven)
- 6. Document Queries (Tantivy)
- 7. Tensor Queries (Burn/ndarray)
- 8. Temporal Queries (verisim-temporal)
- 9. Multi-Modal Queries
- 10. Drift Handling Queries
- 11. Performance Optimization Examples
- 12. Error Handling Examples
- 13. Advanced Use Cases
- 14. Comparison: Dependent-Type vs Slipstream
- 15. Summary
- 16. Backwards Compatibility Queries
- 17. Drift Handling Queries
- 18. SQL-Compatible Extensions
- 18.1. Example 43: Column Selection within Modality
- 18.2. Example 44: ORDER BY — Sort Results
- 18.3. Example 45: COUNT(*), SUM, AVG — Aggregate Functions
- 18.4. Example 46: GROUP BY / HAVING — Grouping with Filters
- 18.5. Example 47: Full SQL-Compatible Query
- 18.6. Example 48: SQL-Compatible with Dependent-Type Verification
- 19. Multi-Proof Composition (v2.0)
- 20. Cross-Modal Correlation Queries (v2.0)
- 21. Write Path: INSERT / UPDATE / DELETE (v2.0)
- 22. References
This document provides 63 comprehensive examples of VCL queries and mutations for both dependent-type (formally verified) and slipstream (fast, unverified) paths, including backwards compatibility (VERSION), drift handling (DRIFT REPAIR), SQL-compatible extensions (ORDER BY, GROUP BY, HAVING, aggregates, column projections), multi-proof composition, cross-modal correlation conditions, and write path mutations (INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE).
Slipstream (no proof):
SELECT *
FROM HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000Dependent-Type (with proof):
SELECT *
FROM HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
PROOF EXISTENCE(ExistenceContract)Graph Only:
SELECT GRAPH
FROM HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
WHERE (h)-[:CITES]->(target)Vector Only:
SELECT VECTOR
FROM HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
WHERE h.embedding SIMILAR TO [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4]Multiple Modalities:
SELECT GRAPH, VECTOR, SEMANTIC
FROM HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
PROOF INTEGRITY(DataIntegrityContract)Slipstream:
SELECT GRAPH
FROM FEDERATION /universities/*
WHERE (h)-[:CITES*1..5]->(paper)
AND paper.title LIKE "%climate change%"
LIMIT 100Dependent-Type:
SELECT GRAPH
FROM FEDERATION /universities/* WITH DRIFT STRICT
WHERE (h)-[:CITES*1..5]->(paper)
AND paper.title LIKE "%climate change%"
AND SATISFIES CitationContract
PROOF CITATION(CitationChainContract)
LIMIT 100SELECT GRAPH
FROM HEXAD abc12345-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
WHERE (h)-[:CO_AUTHOR]-(colleague)
AND (colleague)-[:AFFILIATED_WITH]->(institution)
AND institution.country == "USA"Slipstream:
SELECT VECTOR
FROM FEDERATION /embeddings/*
WHERE h.embedding SIMILAR TO [0.12, 0.45, 0.78, ...] WITHIN 0.8
LIMIT 10Dependent-Type:
SELECT VECTOR
FROM FEDERATION /embeddings/* WITH DRIFT REPAIR
WHERE h.embedding SIMILAR TO [0.12, 0.45, 0.78, ...]
WITHIN 0.9
USING COSINE
AND SATISFIES EmbeddingQualityContract(min_dimension=768)
PROOF INTEGRITY(VectorIntegrityContract)
LIMIT 20SELECT VECTOR
FROM HEXAD query-embedding-uuid
WHERE h.embedding NEAREST 15 USING DOT_PRODUCT
AND h.metadata.domain == "neuroscience"Dependent-Type:
SELECT SEMANTIC, DOCUMENT
FROM HEXAD confidential-data-uuid
WHERE SATISFIES AccessControlContract(role=researcher, institution=MIT)
AND HAS PROOF ACCESS
PROOF ACCESS(InstitutionalAccessContract) WITH verifier=ethics-boardDependent-Type:
SELECT SEMANTIC, TEMPORAL
FROM FEDERATION /clinical-trials/*
WHERE SATISFIES ProvenanceContract
AND VERIFIED BY fda-validator
AND AS OF 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z
PROOF PROVENANCE(ClinicalTrialContract)Dependent-Type:
SELECT *
FROM HEXAD research-dataset-uuid
WHERE SATISFIES GDPRContract(anonymized=true)
AND SATISFIES FAIRContract(findable=true, accessible=true)
AND SATISFIES LicenseContract(license=CC-BY-4.0)
PROOF CUSTOM(ComplianceContract) WITH auditor=legal-teamSlipstream:
SELECT DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /archives/*
WHERE FULLTEXT CONTAINS "quantum computing"
LIMIT 1000Dependent-Type:
SELECT DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /archives/* WITH DRIFT TOLERATE
WHERE FULLTEXT CONTAINS "quantum computing"
AND SATISFIES CitationContract
PROOF EXISTENCE(ArchiveContract)
LIMIT 100SELECT DOCUMENT
FROM STORE tantivy-node-3
WHERE FULLTEXT MATCHES /\b(AI|ML|DL)\b.*ethics/
AND FIELD author == "Jane Doe"
AND FIELD year >= 2020SELECT TENSOR
FROM HEXAD tensor-data-uuid
WHERE tensor.data SHAPE == [256, 256, 3]
AND tensor.dtype == "float32"Dependent-Type:
SELECT TEMPORAL, DOCUMENT
FROM HEXAD legal-document-uuid
WHERE AS OF 2024-06-15T10:30:00Z
PROOF PROVENANCE(TemporalContract)SELECT TEMPORAL, GRAPH
FROM FEDERATION /contracts/*
WHERE BETWEEN 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z AND 2024-12-31T23:59:59Z
AND MODIFIED BY legal-teamDependent-Type:
-- Find papers similar to embedding that cite a specific work
SELECT GRAPH, VECTOR, DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /research-db/* WITH DRIFT REPAIR
WHERE h.embedding SIMILAR TO [0.1, 0.2, ...] WITHIN 0.85
AND (h)-[:CITES]->(target_paper)
AND target_paper.uuid == "123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000"
AND FULLTEXT CONTAINS "neural-symbolic integration"
AND SATISFIES CitationContract
PROOF CITATION(NeurosymbolicContract)
LIMIT 50Dependent-Type:
-- Verify document content matches vector embedding
SELECT DOCUMENT, VECTOR, SEMANTIC
FROM HEXAD suspicious-entry-uuid
WHERE SATISFIES ConsistencyContract(
vector_matches_text=true,
semantic_alignment=high
)
PROOF INTEGRITY(CrossModalContract)Dependent-Type:
-- Audit trail across multiple institutions
SELECT TEMPORAL, SEMANTIC, GRAPH
FROM FEDERATION /universities/* WITH DRIFT STRICT
WHERE AS OF 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z
AND (h)-[:DERIVED_FROM]->(source)
AND VERIFIED BY institutional-review-board
AND SATISFIES ProvenanceContract
AND SATISFIES EthicsContract(irb_approved=true)
PROOF PROVENANCE(MultiInstitutionalContract) WITH auditor=nsfDependent-Type:
SELECT *
FROM FEDERATION /legal-records/* WITH DRIFT STRICT
WHERE AS OF 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
PROOF INTEGRITY(LegalContract)Behavior: Query fails if any node has drifted from the specified timestamp.
Dependent-Type:
SELECT GRAPH, DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /collaborative-wiki/* WITH DRIFT REPAIR
WHERE (h)-[:LINKS_TO]->(target)
AND FULLTEXT CONTAINS "VeriSimDB"
PROOF EXISTENCE(WikiContract)Behavior: Elixir DriftMonitor detects and repairs inconsistencies before returning results.
Slipstream:
SELECT *
FROM FEDERATION /mirrors/* WITH DRIFT TOLERATE
WHERE FULLTEXT CONTAINS "archived content"
LIMIT 1000Behavior: Returns data even if nodes are inconsistent. Useful for exploratory queries.
SELECT DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /archives/*
WHERE FULLTEXT CONTAINS "machine learning"
LIMIT 100
OFFSET 500-- Query specific store for lowest latency
SELECT VECTOR
FROM STORE milvus-us-east-1
WHERE h.embedding NEAREST 20 USING COSINEQuery:
SELECT SEMANTIC
FROM HEXAD protected-data-uuid
WHERE SATISFIES AccessControlContract(role=guest)
PROOF ACCESS(GuestAccessContract)Expected Error:
{
"error": "ProofVerificationFailed",
"message": "ZKP verification failed for AccessControlContract",
"details": {
"contract": "GuestAccessContract",
"reason": "Insufficient permissions (requires role=researcher)"
}
}Query:
SELECT *
FROM FEDERATION /distributed-ledger/* WITH DRIFT STRICT
WHERE AS OF 2024-01-01T00:00:00ZExpected Error:
{
"error": "DriftDetected",
"message": "Inconsistency detected across federated nodes",
"details": {
"divergent_nodes": ["node-2", "node-5"],
"drift_type": "TemporalInconsistency",
"suggestion": "Use DRIFT REPAIR or DRIFT TOLERATE"
}
}Dependent-Type:
-- Find all papers in transitive citation closure
SELECT GRAPH
FROM FEDERATION /research-db/* WITH DRIFT REPAIR
WHERE (seed_paper)-[:CITES*1..10]->(h)
AND seed_paper.uuid == "root-paper-uuid"
AND h.year >= 2020
AND SATISFIES CitationContract
PROOF CITATION(TransitiveClosureContract)
LIMIT 1000Dependent-Type:
-- Aggregate COVID-19 data from multiple hospitals
SELECT SEMANTIC, TEMPORAL, DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /hospitals/* WITH DRIFT STRICT
WHERE AS OF 2024-12-31T23:59:59Z
AND SATISFIES HIPAAContract(anonymized=true, aggregated=true)
AND SATISFIES IRBContract(protocol=COVID-2024-001)
AND FIELD diagnosis LIKE "%COVID%"
PROOF PROVENANCE(MultiInstitutionalHealthContract)
WITH auditor=cdcSlipstream (Fast, Unverified):
SELECT GRAPH, VECTOR
FROM FEDERATION /papers/*
WHERE (h)-[:CITES]->(target)
AND h.embedding SIMILAR TO [0.1, 0.2, 0.3]
LIMIT 100Dependent-Type (Slow, Verified):
SELECT GRAPH, VECTOR
FROM FEDERATION /papers/* WITH DRIFT STRICT
WHERE (h)-[:CITES]->(target)
AND h.embedding SIMILAR TO [0.1, 0.2, 0.3]
AND SATISFIES CitationContract
AND SATISFIES EmbeddingQualityContract(dimension=768)
PROOF CITATION(VerifiedCitationContract)
LIMIT 100Performance Comparison:
| Metric | Slipstream | Dependent-Type |
|---|---|---|
Latency |
~50ms |
~300ms (includes ZKP generation) |
Guarantees |
None |
Formal verification via ZKP |
Use Case |
Exploratory analysis |
Audit-ready queries |
Audit Trail |
Logged to verisim-temporal |
Logged with proof to verisim-temporal |
VCL provides two execution paths:
-
Dependent-Type Path (
PROOFclause present):-
Formal verification via
proven-library -
Drift detection/repair via Elixir
DriftMonitor -
ZKP generation for audit trails
-
Slower but audit-ready
-
-
Slipstream Path (no
PROOFclause):-
Fast, unverified execution
-
No proof generation overhead
-
Suitable for exploratory queries
-
Still logged for audit (but without proofs)
-
Recommendation: Use dependent-type path for: - Compliance queries (GDPR, HIPAA, FAIR) - Multi-institutional data sharing - Citation verification - Provenance audits
Use slipstream path for: - Real-time recommendations - Exploratory data analysis - Performance-critical applications - Internal queries with trusted data
Query with explicit VCL version:
VERSION 1.0;
SELECT GRAPH, DOCUMENT
FROM verisim:semantic
WHERE octad.types INCLUDES "https://schema.org/Person"
LIMIT 10;Query using deprecated syntax (with warning):
VERSION 0.9; -- Deprecated syntax accepted
FROM verisim:semantic
SELECT GRAPH, DOCUMENT
WHERE octad.types INCLUDES "https://schema.org/Person"
LIMIT 10;Detect cross-modal drift:
SELECT DRIFT
FROM verisim:all_modalities
WHERE octad.id = @octad_id;
-- Returns: {
-- "drifts": [
-- {"type": "title_mismatch", "graph": "ML Paper", "document": "Machine Learning Paper"}
-- ]
-- }Repair using most recent version:
DRIFT REPAIR
FROM verisim:graph
WHERE octad.id = @id
USING STRATEGY latest_wins;Repair using majority voting:
DRIFT REPAIR
FROM verisim:federation /universities/*
WHERE octad.id = @id
USING STRATEGY quorum;Query with drift tolerance:
SELECT GRAPH, DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /universities/*
WITH DRIFT TOLERATE -- Return data despite drift
WHERE octad.types INCLUDES "Paper"
LIMIT 100;Select specific fields from a modality (slipstream):
SELECT DOCUMENT.name, DOCUMENT.severity
FROM HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000Mixed modalities and column projections:
SELECT GRAPH, DOCUMENT.name, DOCUMENT.severity
FROM FEDERATION /universities/*
LIMIT 50Sort by severity descending:
SELECT DOCUMENT
FROM STORE archive-1
WHERE FULLTEXT CONTAINS "security"
ORDER BY DOCUMENT.severity DESC
LIMIT 50Multi-field sort:
SELECT DOCUMENT.name, DOCUMENT.severity
FROM FEDERATION /archives/*
ORDER BY DOCUMENT.severity DESC, DOCUMENT.name ASC
LIMIT 100Count all matching octads:
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM FEDERATION /archives/*
WHERE FULLTEXT CONTAINS "vulnerability"Aggregate with field reference:
SELECT AVG(DOCUMENT.severity), MIN(DOCUMENT.severity), MAX(DOCUMENT.severity)
FROM FEDERATION /scans/*Sum and count together:
SELECT COUNT(*), SUM(DOCUMENT.severity)
FROM STORE tantivy-node-1
WHERE FIELD severity > 3Group results by field:
SELECT DOCUMENT.name, COUNT(*), AVG(DOCUMENT.severity)
FROM FEDERATION /universities/*
GROUP BY DOCUMENT.name
LIMIT 100GROUP BY with HAVING filter:
SELECT DOCUMENT.name, COUNT(*)
FROM FEDERATION /archives/*
GROUP BY DOCUMENT.name
HAVING FIELD count > 3
ORDER BY DOCUMENT.name ASC
LIMIT 50Combining all SQL-compatible features with VCL’s model:
SELECT DOCUMENT.name, DOCUMENT.severity, COUNT(*), SUM(DOCUMENT.severity), AVG(DOCUMENT.severity)
FROM FEDERATION /universities/* WITH DRIFT REPAIR
WHERE FIELD severity > 3
GROUP BY DOCUMENT.name, DOCUMENT.severity
HAVING FIELD total > 10
ORDER BY DOCUMENT.severity DESC, DOCUMENT.name ASC
LIMIT 100
OFFSET 20Combining aggregates with formal verification (VCL-dt path):
SELECT DOCUMENT.name, COUNT(*)
FROM FEDERATION /universities/* WITH DRIFT STRICT
GROUP BY DOCUMENT.name
PROOF INTEGRITY(DataIntegrityContract)
ORDER BY DOCUMENT.name ASC
LIMIT 50|
Note
|
In the dependent-type path, aggregation results are also covered by the proof guarantee — the ZKP witnesses include the aggregate computation, ensuring verified totals. |
Dependent-Type:
SELECT *
FROM HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
PROOF EXISTENCE(ExistenceContract) AND INTEGRITY(DataIntegrityContract)Both proofs must pass before results are returned. The ZKP witnesses for each proof are generated independently and composed into a single proof bundle.
Dependent-Type:
SELECT SEMANTIC, TEMPORAL, DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /hospitals/* WITH DRIFT STRICT
WHERE SATISFIES HIPAAContract(anonymized=true)
PROOF ACCESS(InstitutionalAccessContract) AND PROVENANCE(ClinicalTrialContract) AND INTEGRITY(DataIntegrityContract)
LIMIT 100Multi-proof composition validates that the user has access, the data lineage is verifiable, and the data has not been tampered with — all three conditions must hold simultaneously.
Compare fields across modalities:
SELECT DOCUMENT, GRAPH
FROM HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
WHERE DOCUMENT.severity > GRAPH.centralityEvaluates after both modalities are fetched, comparing the document severity field against the graph centrality field on the same octad.
Detect embedding drift:
SELECT VECTOR, DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /research-papers/*
WHERE DRIFT(VECTOR, DOCUMENT) > 0.3
LIMIT 50Returns octads where the vector embedding has drifted more than 0.3 from the document representation. Useful for identifying stale embeddings.
Verify cross-modal consistency:
SELECT VECTOR, SEMANTIC
FROM HEXAD suspicious-entry-uuid
WHERE CONSISTENT(VECTOR, SEMANTIC) USING COSINE
PROOF INTEGRITY(CrossModalContract)Checks that the vector representation and semantic annotation are consistent using cosine similarity as the metric.
Filter by available modalities:
SELECT *
FROM FEDERATION /archives/*
WHERE VECTOR EXISTS
AND TENSOR NOT EXISTS
LIMIT 100Returns octads that have vector embeddings but lack tensor data. Useful for identifying octads that need tensor representations generated.
Mix cross-modal with single-modality conditions:
SELECT GRAPH, VECTOR, DOCUMENT
FROM FEDERATION /research-db/* WITH DRIFT REPAIR
WHERE FULLTEXT CONTAINS "neural networks"
AND DRIFT(VECTOR, DOCUMENT) < 0.2
AND VECTOR EXISTS
AND GRAPH EXISTS
PROOF CITATION(NeuralNetworkContract) AND INTEGRITY(DataIntegrityContract)
LIMIT 50Pushdown conditions (FULLTEXT CONTAINS) are sent to individual stores, while cross-modal conditions (DRIFT, EXISTS) are evaluated post-fetch on full octad data.
Insert with document and vector data:
INSERT HEXAD WITH
DOCUMENT(title = "New Research Paper", author = "Jane Doe", severity = 3),
VECTOR([0.12, 0.45, 0.78, 0.23, 0.91])Creates a new octad with document and vector modalities populated. The octad ID is auto-generated and returned in the result.
Insert with cross-modal data:
INSERT HEXAD WITH
DOCUMENT(title = "Follow-Up Study", year = 2026),
VECTOR([0.5, 0.3, 0.2, 0.8]),
GRAPH(CITES, 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000)Creates a octad with document content, embedding, and a graph edge (CITES relationship to an existing octad).
Insert with integrity verification:
INSERT HEXAD WITH
DOCUMENT(title = "Clinical Trial Result", status = "verified"),
SEMANTIC(ClinicalTrialContract),
TEMPORAL(2026-02-13T10:30:00Z)
PROOF INTEGRITY(WriteContract) AND PROVENANCE(AuditTrailContract)The ZKP proofs are generated for the write operation itself, ensuring the insert is verified and auditable.
Update specific fields:
UPDATE HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
SET DOCUMENT.title = "Corrected Title", DOCUMENT.severity = 5Updates the document modality fields without affecting other modalities. Drift detection will fire if the change creates cross-modal inconsistency.
Update with access proof:
UPDATE HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
SET DOCUMENT.status = "retracted", DOCUMENT.retraction_reason = "Data fabrication"
PROOF ACCESS(EditAccessContract) AND PROVENANCE(RetractionContract)The update requires proof of edit access and creates a provenance record of the retraction in the audit trail.
Simple deletion:
DELETE HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000Removes the octad and all its modality data. This operation is logged in verisim-temporal for auditability.
Delete with access and provenance proof:
DELETE HEXAD 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
PROOF ACCESS(AdminAccessContract) AND PROVENANCE(DeletionAuditContract)Requires proof of admin access before deletion. The provenance proof ensures the deletion is recorded in the audit chain.