|
1 | 1 | --- |
2 | | -title: SNR_star – Covariance-based SNR measurement |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +title: SNR_star – Covariance-based SNR measurement (ImageJ macro) |
3 | 4 | categories: [Analysis] |
| 5 | +tags: [SNR, image quality, CT, covariance, ImageJ macro] |
| 6 | +author: Motohiro TABUCHI |
4 | 7 | doi: 10.6009/jjrt.2022-1154 |
| 8 | +--------------------------- |
| 9 | + |
| 10 | +# SNR_star – Covariance-based SNR measurement |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +**Author:** Motohiro TABUCHI |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | +SNR_star is an ImageJ macro that estimates signal variance and noise variance using the covariance between two repeated images acquired under identical imaging conditions. |
| 15 | +It provides an unbiased and statistically optimal estimation of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). |
| 16 | + |
| 17 | +The method is particularly useful for image quality evaluation in X-ray CT where direct measurement of signal variance is difficult. |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +--- |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +## Principle |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +SNR* estimates the signal variance from the covariance between two observed images acquired under identical imaging conditions. |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +Signal variance: |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | +σ_s² = Cov(I₁, I₂) |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +Noise variance: |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | +σ_n² = Var(I₁ − I₂) / 2 |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +The SNR* value in decibels is defined as |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | +SNR* [dB] = 10 log10 (σ_s² / σ_n²) |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | + |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +--- |
| 40 | + |
| 41 | +## Features |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | +* Covariance-based signal variance estimation |
| 44 | +* Noise variance estimation from the difference of images |
| 45 | +* Outputs SNR* [dB], ROI size, signal variance, and noise variance |
| 46 | +* Simple workflow using standard ImageJ ROI tools |
| 47 | +* Suitable for quantitative image quality evaluation |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +--- |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +## Requirements |
| 52 | + |
| 53 | +* ImageJ 1.53 or later |
| 54 | +* Two observed images of identical dimensions |
| 55 | +* Images must be acquired under identical imaging conditions |
| 56 | + |
| 57 | +--- |
| 58 | + |
| 59 | +## Usage |
| 60 | + |
| 61 | + |
| 62 | + |
| 63 | +1. Prepare a folder containing two observed images |
| 64 | +2. Open the first image in ImageJ |
| 65 | +3. Draw a region of interest (ROI) |
| 66 | +4. Run the SNR_star macro |
| 67 | +5. The macro outputs the following values in the Log window: |
| 68 | + |
| 69 | +* SNR* [dB] |
| 70 | +* ROI size |
| 71 | +* signal variance |
| 72 | +* noise variance |
| 73 | + |
5 | 74 | --- |
6 | 75 |
|
7 | | -## SNR_star – Covariance-based SNR measurement |
| 76 | +## Video |
8 | 77 |
|
9 | | -Author: Motohiro TABUCHI |
| 78 | +Demonstration of the SNR* tool: |
10 | 79 |
|
11 | | -SNR_star is an ImageJ macro that estimates signal variance and noise variance using covariance between two repeated images acquired under identical imaging conditions. |
12 | | -It provides an unbiased and statistically optimal estimation of SNR. |
| 80 | +https://youtube.com/shorts/qBz2MlNHiCE |
13 | 81 |
|
14 | | -### Features |
| 82 | +--- |
15 | 83 |
|
16 | | -- Covariance-based signal variance estimation |
17 | | -- Noise variance estimation from difference of images |
18 | | -- Outputs SNR* [dB], ROI size, signal variance, and noise variance |
19 | | -- Simple workflow using ImageJ ROI tools |
| 84 | +## Download |
20 | 85 |
|
21 | | -### Requirements |
| 86 | +GitHub repository |
22 | 87 |
|
23 | | -- ImageJ 1.53 or later |
24 | | -- Exactly two observed images of identical dimensions acquired under identical imaging conditions |
| 88 | +https://github.com/Motohiro-TABUCHI/SNR_star_Tool |
25 | 89 |
|
26 | | -### Download |
| 90 | +Archived release (Zenodo) |
27 | 91 |
|
28 | | -[GitHub Repository](https://github.com/Motohiro-TABUCHI/SNR_star_Tool) |
| 92 | +https://zenodo.org/record/18666471 |
29 | 93 |
|
30 | | -### Notes |
| 94 | +--- |
| 95 | + |
| 96 | +## Notes |
31 | 97 |
|
32 | | -- Assumes additive, zero-mean, independent noise between the two images |
33 | | -- Larger ROIs improve estimation stability |
34 | | -- Negative covariance may indicate unsuitable imaging conditions |
| 98 | +* The method assumes additive, zero-mean, independent noise between the two images |
| 99 | +* Larger ROIs improve estimation stability |
| 100 | +* Negative covariance may indicate unsuitable imaging conditions |
| 101 | +* The method is applicable to CT and other imaging modalities with repeated acquisitions |
| 102 | + |
| 103 | +--- |
35 | 104 |
|
36 | | -### Reference |
| 105 | +## Reference |
37 | 106 |
|
38 | 107 | {% include citation %} |
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