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draft-denis-ipcrypt.md

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This document specifies secure, efficient methods for encrypting IP addresses for privacy-preserving storage, logging, and analytics, addressing data minimization concerns raised in {{!RFC6973}}.
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Four concrete instantiations are defined: `ipcrypt-deterministic` provides deterministic, format-preserving encryption with 16-byte outputs; `ipcrypt-pfx` provides deterministic, prefix-preserving encryption that maintains network relationships with native address sizes (4 bytes for IPv4, 16 bytes for IPv6); while `ipcrypt-nd` and `ipcrypt-ndx` introduce randomness to prevent correlation. All methods are reversible with the encryption key and designed for high-performance processing at network speeds.
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Four concrete instantiations are defined: `ipcrypt-deterministic` provides deterministic, format-preserving encryption with 16-byte outputs; `ipcrypt-pfx` provides deterministic, prefix-preserving encryption that maintains network relationships with native address sizes; while `ipcrypt-nd` and `ipcrypt-ndx` introduce randomness to prevent correlation. All methods are reversible with the encryption key and designed for high-performance processing at network speeds.
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This document addresses these deficiencies by specifying secure, efficient, and interoperable methods for IP address encryption and obfuscation.
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This specification addresses concerns raised in {{!RFC7624}} regarding confidentiality when sharing data with third parties. Unlike existing practices that obscure addresses, these methods provide mathematically provable security properties, which are discussed throughout this document and summarized in {{security-considerations}}.
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This specification addresses concerns raised in {{!RFC7624}} regarding confidentiality when sharing data with third parties. Unlike existing practices that obscure addresses, these methods provide well-defined security properties, which are discussed throughout this document and summarized in {{security-considerations}}.
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## Use Cases and Motivations
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This document does not conflict with active IETF working group efforts. While the IETF has produced several RFCs related to privacy ({{!RFC6973}}, {{!RFC7258}}, {{!RFC7624}}), there is no current standardization effort for IP address encryption methods. This specification complements existing IETF privacy guidance by providing implementation methods.
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The cryptographic primitives used (AES, format-preserving encryption) align with IETF cryptographic recommendations, and the document follows IETF formatting and terminology conventions where applicable.
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The AES-based cryptographic primitives used align with IETF cryptographic recommendations, and the document follows IETF formatting and terminology conventions where applicable.
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# Terminology
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Throughout this document, the following terms and conventions apply:
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- IP Address: An IPv4 or IPv6 address as defined in {{!RFC4291}}.
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- IPv4-mapped IPv6 Address: An IPv6 address format (::ffff:a.b.c.d) used to represent IPv4 addresses within the IPv6 address space, enabling uniform processing of both address types.
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- IPv4-mapped IPv6 Address: An IPv6 address format (`::FFFF:a.b.c.d`) used to represent IPv4 addresses within the IPv6 address space, enabling uniform processing of both address types.
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- 16-Byte Representation: A fixed-length representation used for both IPv4 (via IPv4-mapped IPv6) and IPv6 addresses.
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- Block Cipher: A deterministic cryptographic algorithm that encrypts fixed-size blocks of data (128 bits in this specification) using a secret key.
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- Block Cipher: A deterministic cryptographic algorithm that encrypts fixed-size blocks of data (128 bits with AES) using a secret key.
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- Permutation: A bijective function where each distinct input maps to a unique output, ensuring reversibility.
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- Pseudorandom Function (PRF): A deterministic function that produces output computationally indistinguishable from truly random values.
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- Pseudorandom Function (PRF): A deterministic function that produces output computationally indistinguishable from random values.
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- Tweakable Block Cipher (TBC): A block cipher that accepts an additional non-secret parameter (tweak) along with the key and plaintext, allowing domain separation without changing keys.
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- Tweak: A non-secret, additional input to a tweakable block cipher that further randomizes the output.
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- Deterministic Encryption: Encryption that always produces the same ciphertext for a given input and key.

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