Skip to content

physics-domains-guide.md

Latest commit

 

History

History
211 lines (157 loc) · 7.95 KB

physics-domains-guide.md

File metadata and controls

211 lines (157 loc) · 7.95 KB
Raw

Semantic Quantities by Domain

A user-facing tour of the semantic quantities currently declared in Semantics.SourceGenerators/Metadata/dimensions.json (62 dimensions, plus 83 semantic overloads). The architecture lives in strategy-unified-vector-quantities.md; this document just shows what's available and how it groups by physics area.

The dimension set evolves with the metadata. If a dimension is here but you can't find a generated type, run dotnet build and look under Semantics.Quantities/Generated/Semantics.SourceGenerators/Semantics.SourceGenerators.QuantitiesGenerator/.

Vector forms cheat sheet

Form Meaning Generated type pattern
IVector0 non-negative magnitude Speed<T>, Mass<T>, Energy<T>, …
IVector1 signed 1D Velocity1D<T>, Force1D<T>, Temperature<T>
IVector2 2D directional Velocity2D<T>, Force2D<T>, Acceleration2D<T>
IVector3 3D directional Velocity3D<T>, Force3D<T>, Position3D<T>
IVector4 4D directional Displacement4D<T> and similar (relativistic / spacetime)

Forms a dimension doesn't declare aren't generated. For example, Mass is V0 only; Energy is V0 only; Velocity declares all of V0..V4.

Base SI

Seven base dimensions:

  • Length — V0..V4 with overloads Width, Height, Depth, Radius, Diameter, Distance, Altitude, Wavelength, Thickness, Perimeter, Offset, Position3D, Translation3D. Diameter ↔ Radius is a generated relationship.
  • Mass — V0 with overload AtomicMass.
  • Time — V0 with overloads Duration, Period, Lifetime, RiseTime, FallTime, DelayTime.
  • ElectricCurrent — V0/V1/V3.
  • Temperature — V0 with overloads KineticTemperature, ColorTemperature; V1 base for signed deltas.
  • AmountOfSubstance — V0.
  • LuminousIntensity — V0.
var height   = Height<double>.FromMeter(1.75);
var atomic   = AtomicMass<double>.FromKilogram(1.66e-27);
var lifetime = Lifetime<double>.FromSecond(3600);
var temp     = Temperature<double>.FromKelvin(298.15);

Geometry and kinematics

  • Area — V0 with overloads CrossSection, SurfaceArea.
  • Volume — V0 with overload MolarVolume.
  • Velocity / Acceleration / Jerk / Snap — full V0..V4.
  • Frequency — V0 with overloads SamplingRate, BitRate, RefreshRate, RotationalSpeed.
// V3 vectors use object-initializer construction (X / Y / Z components)
var velocity3d = new Velocity3D<double> { X = 3.0, Y = 4.0, Z = 0.0 };
var speed      = velocity3d.Magnitude();          // 5.0 (Speed<double>)
var sampling   = SamplingRate<double>.FromHertz(48_000);

Angular mechanics

  • AngularDisplacement — V0/V1/V3 with overloads (Phase, RotationAngle, Heading, Pitch, Roll, Yaw).
  • AngularVelocity, AngularAcceleration, AngularJerk — V0/V1/V3.
  • Torque — V0/V1/V3.
  • AngularMomentum — V0/V1/V3.
  • MomentOfInertia — V0.
var heading = Heading<double>.FromRadian(Math.PI / 2);     // V0 overload of AngularDisplacement
var omega3d = AngularVelocity3D<double>.FromRadianPerSecond(0.0, 0.0, 1.5);

Dynamics

  • Force — V0..V4 with overloads (Weight, Drag, Thrust, Lift, Friction, Tension, Compression, Normal, Shear).
  • Momentum — V0..V4.
  • Pressure — V0 with overloads (AtmosphericPressure, GaugePressure, AbsolutePressure, VaporPressure, OsmoticPressure, Stress).
  • Energy — V0 with overloads (KineticEnergy, PotentialEnergy, ThermalEnergy, ChemicalEnergy, WorkDone).
  • Power — V0 with overload RadiantPower.
  • Density — V0.
var weight = Weight<double>.From(ForceMagnitude<double>.FromNewton(686.0));
var drag   = Drag<double>.FromNewton(20.0);
var pe     = PotentialEnergy<double>.FromJoule(500.0);

Thermal

  • Entropy — V0 with overload MolarEntropy.
  • SpecificHeat — V0 with overload MolarHeatCapacity.
  • ThermalConductivity — V0.
  • HeatTransferCoefficient — V0.
  • ThermalExpansion — V0.

Heat itself is currently expressed via Energy (and its ThermalEnergy overload) rather than a separate dimension.

Electrical and magnetic

  • ElectricCharge — V0/V1.
  • ElectricPotential — V0/V1 with overloads (Voltage, EMF).
  • ElectricField — V0/V1/V2/V3.
  • ElectricResistance, ElectricConductance (overload Admittance), ElectricCapacitance, Inductance — V0.
  • MagneticFluxDensity — V0/V3.
  • MagneticFlux — V0.
var v   = Voltage<double>.FromVolt(12.0);
var i   = ElectricCurrent<double>.FromAmpere(2.0);
var r   = v / i;                                  // ElectricResistance<double>
var p   = v * i;                                  // Power<double>

Optical and radiometric

  • LuminousFlux — V0.
  • Illuminance — V0 with overload Luminance.
  • OpticalPower — V0.
  • Irradiance — V0 with overloads RadiantExitance, Radiance, RadiantIntensity.
var flux  = LuminousFlux<double>.FromLumen(800.0);
var lux   = flux / Area<double>.FromSquareMeter(4.0);   // Illuminance<double>

Acoustic

  • AcousticImpedance — V0.
  • Most acoustic quantities reuse other dimensions: Frequency (with SamplingRate/BitRate overloads), Pressure for sound pressure, Power for acoustic power, Length for Wavelength, etc.
var f = Frequency<double>.FromHertz(440.0);              // A4 note
var T = f.Period();                                      // Time<double>

Fluid dynamics

  • KinematicViscosity — V0 with overload MomentumDiffusivity.
  • DynamicViscosity — V0.
  • VolumetricFlowRate — V0.
  • MassFlowRate — V0.
  • SurfaceTension — V0.

ReynoldsNumber, MachNumber, SpecificGravity, RefractiveIndex are V0 overloads of Dimensionless.

Chemical

  • Concentration — V0.
  • MolarMass — V0.
  • CatalyticActivity — V0 with overload EnzymeActivity.
  • ReactionRate — V0.
  • MolarEnergy — V0 with overloads ActivationEnergy, EnthalpyOfReaction.
var n     = AmountOfSubstance<double>.FromMole(0.5);
var V     = Volume<double>.FromCubicMeter(0.002);          // 2 L
var M     = n / V;                                         // Concentration<double>

Nuclear and radiation

  • RadioactiveActivity — V0.
  • AbsorbedDose — V0.
  • EquivalentDose — V0.
  • Exposure — V0.
  • NuclearCrossSection — V0.

Dimensionless

  • Dimensionless — V0 base Ratio (with overloads RefractiveIndex, ReynoldsNumber, SpecificGravity, MachNumber); V1 base SignedRatio for signed quantities such as differential ratios.

Common patterns

Magnitude extraction

Velocity3D<double> v = new() { X = 3.0, Y = 4.0, Z = 0.0 };
Speed<double>      s = v.Magnitude();   // 5.0, always >= 0

Cross product (V3 only)

Force3D<double>        F = new() { X = 0.0, Y = 10.0, Z = 0.0 };
Displacement3D<double> r = new() { X = 0.5, Y = 0.0,  Z = 0.0 };
Torque3D<double>       τ = F.Cross(r);

Dot product

Force3D<double>        F = new() { X = 10.0, Y = 0.0, Z = 0.0 };
Displacement3D<double> r = new() { X =  2.0, Y = 0.0, Z = 0.0 };
Energy<double>         work = F.Dot(r);   // 20 J

Semantic overload narrowing

ForceMagnitude<double> raw    = ForceMagnitude<double>.FromNewton(686.0);
Weight<double>         weight = Weight<double>.From(raw);    // explicit narrow
ForceMagnitude<double> back   = weight;                       // implicit widen

Physical constants in expressions

var R    = PhysicalConstants.Generic.GasConstant<double>();          // J/(mol·K)
var n    = AmountOfSubstance<double>.FromMole(1.0);
var T    = Temperature<double>.FromKelvin(273.15);
var P    = Pressure<double>.FromPascal(101_325.0);

// PV = nRT  →  V = nRT / P
// (constants flow into operators because everything stores SI base units)

Adding a new dimension or relationship

Edit Semantics.SourceGenerators/Metadata/dimensions.json and rebuild. The full schema and a worked example are in physics-generator.md.