docs(claude-code): comprehensive 3-locale guide rewrite + types.ts comment fix

- Rewrite guides/claude-code.md from code-grounded extraction (Parfit report):
  inbound/outbound translation tables, alias grammar, auto-context 3-state,
  roster agents with ocx-route directive, dual-carrier skill elision, full
  error taxonomy (402/409/413/504), debug privacy contract, troubleshooting
- Fix 8 original guide-code mismatches: systemEnv default, env unset-not-restore,
  passthrough header strip list, resolution order, dual-carrier elision, error
  codes, auto-context marker wording, types.ts comment (default: false)
- Fix 6 audit residuals: Haiku source, resolution order, native slug fallback,
  thinking.type wording, troubleshooting scope, table formatting
- ko/zh-cn translations synced with all fixes (307/306/297 lines)

Author: lidge-jun