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Complete 03-advanced parity with templates-basics for C#, Go, and Python
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‎LANGUAGE_PARITY_MATRIX.md‎

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This matrix tracks concept parity across C++, C#, Go, and Python.
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- Canonical order is defined by the C++ track.
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- Current priority is to finish `03-advanced` parity by implementing `templates-basics`.
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- Current priority is to define the next parity step after completing `03-advanced`.
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- Status labels:
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- `Done`: module implemented with example, exercises, and README.
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- `Planned`: module not implemented yet, already queued in order.
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Current parity progress in non-C++ tracks:
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- C#: `4/5` modules complete in `03-advanced`
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- Go: `4/5` modules complete in `03-advanced`
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- Python: `4/5` modules complete in `03-advanced`
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- C#: `5/5` modules complete in `03-advanced`
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- Go: `5/5` modules complete in `03-advanced`
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- Python: `5/5` modules complete in `03-advanced`
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### Advanced (`03-advanced`) - Current Expansion Queue
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| 2 | constructors-and-invariants | Done | Done | Done | Done |
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| 3 | copy-and-move-semantics | Done | Done | Done | Done |
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| 4 | inheritance-and-polymorphism | Done | Done | Done | Done |
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| 5 | templates-basics | Done | Planned | Planned | Planned |
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| 5 | templates-basics | Done | Done | Done | Done |
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`04-expert` remains C++ only for now.

‎README.md‎

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| Language | Current Levels | Module Coverage | Track Status |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| C++ | 00-setup, 01-foundations, 02-core, 03-advanced, 04-expert | Foundations, Core, Advanced, Expert, projects, assessments | Most complete and primary track |
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| C# | 01-foundations, 02-core, 03-advanced | 8/8 foundations modules, 6/6 core modules, 4/5 advanced modules | Advanced parity in progress |
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| Go | 01-foundations, 02-core, 03-advanced | 8/8 foundations modules, 6/6 core modules, 4/5 advanced modules | Advanced parity in progress |
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| Python | 01-foundations, 02-core, 03-advanced | 8/8 foundations modules, 6/6 core modules, 4/5 advanced modules | Advanced parity in progress |
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| C# | 01-foundations, 02-core, 03-advanced | 8/8 foundations modules, 6/6 core modules, 5/5 advanced modules | Advanced parity complete |
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| Go | 01-foundations, 02-core, 03-advanced | 8/8 foundations modules, 6/6 core modules, 5/5 advanced modules | Advanced parity complete |
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| Python | 01-foundations, 02-core, 03-advanced | 8/8 foundations modules, 6/6 core modules, 5/5 advanced modules | Advanced parity complete |
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Parity planning reference: [LANGUAGE_PARITY_MATRIX.md](LANGUAGE_PARITY_MATRIX.md)
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‎languages/csharp/03-advanced/README.md‎

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2. [constructors-and-invariants](./constructors-and-invariants/README.md)
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3. [copy-and-move-semantics](./copy-and-move-semantics/README.md)
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4. [inheritance-and-polymorphism](./inheritance-and-polymorphism/README.md)
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5. [templates-basics](./templates-basics/README.md)
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Track progress in [../CHECKLIST.md](../CHECKLIST.md).
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## Study Tip
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Use `inheritance-and-polymorphism` after `copy-and-move-semantics` to model behavior variation through a clean base contract.
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Use `templates-basics` last to generalize what you already modeled with concrete types and inheritance.

‎languages/csharp/03-advanced/templates-basics/README.md‎

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# Templates Basics (C#)
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This module introduces generic programming with methods and classes.
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## Quick Run
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~~~bash
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dotnet run --project example/templates-basics-example.csproj
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~~~
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## Topics Covered
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- Generic methods with type constraints.
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- Generic classes for reusable containers.
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- Type-independent logic with `T`.
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- When constraints are required for comparisons and arithmetic-like behavior.
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## Common Pitfalls
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- Assuming all generic types support comparison automatically.
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- Using `object` instead of generics and losing type safety.
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- Hiding constraints until compile errors become confusing.
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## Exercise Focus
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- exercises/01.cs: generic swap function.
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- exercises/02.cs: generic average over numeric lists.
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### Exercise Specs
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1. exercises/01.cs
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- Input: two values of the same type.
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- Output: values before and after swap.
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- Edge cases: identical values; negative numbers.
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2. exercises/02.cs
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- Input: numeric sequence.
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- Output: arithmetic average.
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- Edge cases: empty list should return `0`; mixed positive/negative values.
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## Checkpoint
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- [ ] I can write and call generic methods.
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- [ ] I can create simple generic classes.
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- [ ] I can identify where generic constraints are required.
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- [ ] I completed exercises/01.cs.
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- [ ] I completed exercises/02.cs.

‎languages/csharp/03-advanced/templates-basics/example/main.cs‎

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// Example purpose: show the module flow with clear, beginner-friendly steps.
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using System;
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static class Helpers
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{
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public static T MaxValue<T>(T left, T right) where T : IComparable<T>
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{
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return left.CompareTo(right) > 0 ? left : right;
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}
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}
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class Pair<T>
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{
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private readonly T first;
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private readonly T second;
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public Pair(T firstValue, T secondValue)
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{
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first = firstValue;
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second = secondValue;
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}
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public void Print()
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{
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// Intent: print final state from a generic container in one predictable format.
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Console.WriteLine($"({first}, {second})");
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}
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}
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class Program
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{
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static void Main()
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{
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// Program flow: call one generic method, then inspect one generic class instance.
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Console.WriteLine($"MaxValue(4, 7) = {Helpers.MaxValue(4, 7)}");
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Console.WriteLine($"MaxValue(2.5, 1.2) = {Helpers.MaxValue(2.5, 1.2)}");
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Pair<string> pair = new Pair<string>("left", "right");
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pair.Print();
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}
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}

‎languages/csharp/03-advanced/templates-basics/example/templates-basics-example.csproj‎

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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
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<PropertyGroup>
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<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
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<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
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<ImplicitUsings>disable</ImplicitUsings>
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<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
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</PropertyGroup>
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</Project>

‎languages/csharp/03-advanced/templates-basics/exercises/01.cs‎

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using System;
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static class Helpers
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{
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public static void SwapValues<T>(ref T left, ref T right)
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{
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T temp = left;
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left = right;
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right = temp;
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}
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}
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class Program
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{
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static void Main()
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{
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Console.Write("Enter two integers: ");
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string raw = Console.ReadLine() ?? string.Empty;
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string[] parts = raw.Split(' ', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
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if (parts.Length != 2 ||
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!int.TryParse(parts[0], out int left) ||
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!int.TryParse(parts[1], out int right))
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{
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Console.WriteLine("Invalid input.");
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return;
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}
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Console.WriteLine($"Before swap: {left} {right}");
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Helpers.SwapValues(ref left, ref right);
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Console.WriteLine($"After swap: {left} {right}");
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}
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}

‎languages/csharp/03-advanced/templates-basics/exercises/02.cs‎

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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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static class Helpers
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{
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public static double AverageOf<T>(IReadOnlyList<T> values) where T : IConvertible
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{
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if (values.Count == 0)
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{
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return 0.0;
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}
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double sum = 0.0;
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foreach (T value in values)
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{
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sum += value.ToDouble(System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
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}
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return sum / values.Count;
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}
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}
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class Program
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{
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static void Main()
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{
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Console.Write("How many numbers? ");
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if (!int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out int count) || count < 0)
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{
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Console.WriteLine("Please enter zero or a positive count.");
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return;
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}
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List<double> values = new List<double>(count);
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for (int index = 0; index < count; index++)
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{
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string rawValue = Console.ReadLine() ?? string.Empty;
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if (!double.TryParse(rawValue, out double parsed))
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{
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Console.WriteLine("Invalid number.");
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return;
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}
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values.Add(parsed);
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}
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Console.WriteLine($"Average: {Helpers.AverageOf(values)}");
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}
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}

‎languages/csharp/CHECKLIST.md‎

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- [ ] Complete `03-advanced/constructors-and-invariants`.
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- [ ] Complete `03-advanced/copy-and-move-semantics`.
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- [ ] Complete `03-advanced/inheritance-and-polymorphism`.
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- [ ] Complete `03-advanced/templates-basics`.
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## Parity Goals
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‎languages/csharp/README.md‎

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## Scope and Status
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This track currently covers `01-foundations`, `02-core`, and early `03-advanced`.
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This track currently covers `01-foundations`, `02-core`, and `03-advanced`.
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- 8/8 foundations modules implemented.
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- 6/6 core modules implemented (`input-validation`, `algorithms-basics`, `file-io-basics`, `sorting-and-searching`, `maps-and-frequency-counting`, `error-handling-and-defensive-programming`).
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- 4/5 advanced modules implemented (`structs-and-classes`, `constructors-and-invariants`, `copy-and-move-semantics`, `inheritance-and-polymorphism`).
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- 5/5 advanced modules implemented (`structs-and-classes`, `constructors-and-invariants`, `copy-and-move-semantics`, `inheritance-and-polymorphism`, `templates-basics`).
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- Same module naming as C++, Python, and Go for parity.
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## Prerequisites
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- [constructors-and-invariants](./03-advanced/constructors-and-invariants/README.md)
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- [copy-and-move-semantics](./03-advanced/copy-and-move-semantics/README.md)
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- [inheritance-and-polymorphism](./03-advanced/inheritance-and-polymorphism/README.md)
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- [templates-basics](./03-advanced/templates-basics/README.md)
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## Progress Tracking
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