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Microservices Architecture

Builds applications as independent, loosely coupled services.

Components:

  • Independent services with specific functionality.
  • Services communicate over network (usually via HTTP APIs or message queues).

Structure:

API Gateway → [Microservice 1, Microservice 2, ... Microservice N]

Example:

An e-commerce platform can be split into microservices:

  • Product Service: Manages product catalog and search.
  • Order Service: Handles carts, checkout, and order history.
  • Payment Service: Processes payments and refunds.
  • Notification Service: Sends emails, SMS messages, or push notifications.

Each service owns its own logic and can be deployed or scaled independently.

Pros:

  • Independent scaling.
  • Flexibility in choosing technology per service.

Cons:

  • Higher complexity in orchestration.
  • Challenges with data consistency and latency.

When to use:

  • Large-scale distributed systems.
  • Continuous deployment scenarios.