Builds applications as independent, loosely coupled services.
- Independent services with specific functionality.
- Services communicate over network (usually via HTTP APIs or message queues).
API Gateway → [Microservice 1, Microservice 2, ... Microservice N]
An e-commerce platform can be split into microservices:
- Product Service: Manages product catalog and search.
- Order Service: Handles carts, checkout, and order history.
- Payment Service: Processes payments and refunds.
- Notification Service: Sends emails, SMS messages, or push notifications.
Each service owns its own logic and can be deployed or scaled independently.
- Independent scaling.
- Flexibility in choosing technology per service.
- Higher complexity in orchestration.
- Challenges with data consistency and latency.
- Large-scale distributed systems.
- Continuous deployment scenarios.