search kwargs (#982)

* add nelements to summary API, indicated num_elements deprecation via warning

* port get_stability + test to api

* move get_stability to separate pr

* generalize checks on _search/search fields and ensure appropriate warnings/exceptions are thrown

* minor documentation of code logic

---------

Co-authored-by: esoteric-ephemera <aaron.kaplan.physics@gmail.com>

Author: tschaume

mp_api/client/core/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from .client import BaseRester, MPRestError
+from .client import BaseRester, MPRestError, MPRestWarning
 from .settings import MAPIClientSettings

mp_api/client/core/client.py

@@ -1335,3 +1335,7 @@ def __str__(self):  # pragma: no cover
 
 class MPRestError(Exception):
     """Raised when the query has problems, e.g., bad query format."""
+
+
+class MPRestWarning(Warning):
+    """Raised when a query is malformed but interpretable."""

mp_api/client/routes/materials/summary.py

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import warnings
 from collections import defaultdict
 
 from emmet.core.summary import HasProps, SummaryDoc
 from emmet.core.symmetry import CrystalSystem
 from pymatgen.analysis.magnetism import Ordering
 
-from mp_api.client.core import BaseRester, MPRestError
+from mp_api.client.core import BaseRester, MPRestError, MPRestWarning
 from mp_api.client.core.utils import validate_ids
 
 
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ class SummaryRester(BaseRester[SummaryDoc]):
     document_model = SummaryDoc  # type: ignore
     primary_key = "material_id"
 
-    def search(
+    def search(  # noqa: D417
         self,
         band_gap: tuple[float, float] | None = None,
         chemsys: str | list[str] | None = None,
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ def search(
         chunk_size: int = 1000,
         all_fields: bool = True,
         fields: list[str] | None = None,
+        **kwargs,
     ) -> list[SummaryDoc] | list[dict]:
         """Query core data using a variety of search criteria.
 
@@ -117,7 +119,8 @@ def search(
             material_ids (str, List[str]): A single Material ID string or list of strings
                 (e.g., mp-149, [mp-149, mp-13]).
             n (Tuple[float,float]): Minimum and maximum refractive index to consider.
-            num_elements (Tuple[int,int]): Minimum and maximum number of elements to consider.
+            nelements (Tuple[int,int]): Minimum and maximum number of elements to consider.
+            num_elements (Tuple[int,int]): Alias for `nelements`, deprecated. Minimum and maximum number of elements to consider.
             num_sites (Tuple[int,int]): Minimum and maximum number of sites to consider.
             num_magnetic_sites (Tuple[int,int]): Minimum and maximum number of magnetic sites to consider.
             num_unique_magnetic_sites (Tuple[int,int]): Minimum and maximum number of unique magnetic sites to consider.
@@ -153,53 +156,138 @@ def search(
         """
         query_params = defaultdict(dict)  # type: dict
 
+        not_aliased_kwargs = [
+            "energy_above_hull",
+            "nsites",
+            "volume",
+            "density",
+            "band_gap",
+            "efermi",
+            "total_magnetization",
+            "total_magnetization_normalized_vol",
+            "total_magnetization_normalized_formula_units",
+            "num_magnetic_sites",
+            "num_unique_magnetic_sites",
+            "k_voigt",
+            "k_reuss",
+            "k_vrh",
+            "g_voigt",
+            "g_reuss",
+            "g_vrh",
+            "e_total",
+            "e_ionic",
+            "e_electronic",
+            "n",
+            "weighted_surface_energy",
+            "weighted_work_function",
+            "shape_factor",
+        ]
+
         min_max_name_dict = {
             "total_energy": "energy_per_atom",
             "formation_energy": "formation_energy_per_atom",
-            "energy_above_hull": "energy_above_hull",
             "uncorrected_energy": "uncorrected_energy_per_atom",
             "equilibrium_reaction_energy": "equilibrium_reaction_energy_per_atom",
-            "nsites": "nsites",
-            "volume": "volume",
-            "density": "density",
-            "band_gap": "band_gap",
-            "efermi": "efermi",
-            "total_magnetization": "total_magnetization",
-            "total_magnetization_normalized_vol": "total_magnetization_normalized_vol",
-            "total_magnetization_normalized_formula_units": "total_magnetization_normalized_formula_units",
-            "num_magnetic_sites": "num_magnetic_sites",
-            "num_unique_magnetic_sites": "num_unique_magnetic_sites",
-            "k_voigt": "k_voigt",
-            "k_reuss": "k_reuss",
-            "k_vrh": "k_vrh",
-            "g_voigt": "g_voigt",
-            "g_reuss": "g_reuss",
-            "g_vrh": "g_vrh",
             "elastic_anisotropy": "universal_anisotropy",
             "poisson_ratio": "homogeneous_poisson",
-            "e_total": "e_total",
-            "e_ionic": "e_ionic",
-            "e_electronic": "e_electronic",
-            "n": "n",
             "num_sites": "nsites",
             "num_elements": "nelements",
             "piezoelectric_modulus": "e_ij_max",
-            "weighted_surface_energy": "weighted_surface_energy",
-            "weighted_work_function": "weighted_work_function",
             "surface_energy_anisotropy": "surface_anisotropy",
-            "shape_factor": "shape_factor",
         }
 
-        for param, value in locals().items():
-            if param in min_max_name_dict and value:
-                if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
-                    value = (value, value)
-                query_params.update(
-                    {
-                        f"{min_max_name_dict[param]}_min": value[0],
-                        f"{min_max_name_dict[param]}_max": value[1],
-                    }
+        min_max_name_dict.update({k: k for k in not_aliased_kwargs})
+        mmnd_inv = {v: k for k, v in min_max_name_dict.items() if k != v}
+
+        # Set user query params from `locals`
+        user_settings = {
+            k: v for k, v in locals().items() if k in min_max_name_dict and v
+        }
+
+        # Check to see if user specified _search fields using **kwargs,
+        # or if any of the **kwargs are unparsable
+        db_keys = {k: [] for k in ("duplicate", "warn", "unknown")}
+        for k, v in kwargs.items():
+            category = "unknown"
+            if non_db_k := mmnd_inv.get(k):
+                if user_settings.get(non_db_k):
+                    # Both a search and _search equivalent field are specified
+                    category = "duplicate"
+                elif v:
+                    # Only the _search field is specified
+                    category = "warn"
+                    user_settings[non_db_k] = v
+            db_keys[category].append(non_db_k or k)
+
+        # If any _search or unknown fields were set, throw warnings/exceptions
+        if any(db_keys.values()):
+            warning_strs: list[str] = []
+            exc_strs: list[str] = []
+
+            def csrc(x):
+                return f"\x1b[34m{x}\x1b[39m"
+
+            def _csrc(x):
+                return f"\x1b[31m{x}\x1b[39m"
+
+            # Warn the user if they input any fields from _search without setting equivalent kwargs in search
+            if db_keys["warn"]:
+                warning_strs.extend(
+                    [
+                        f"You have specified fields used by {_csrc('`_search`')} that can be understood by {csrc('`search`')}",
+                        f"   {', '.join([_csrc(min_max_name_dict[k]) for k in db_keys['warn']])}",
+                        f"To ensure long term support, please use their {csrc('`search`')} equivalents:",
+                        f"   {', '.join([csrc(k) for k in db_keys['warn']])}",
+                    ]
+                )
+
+            # Throw an exception if the user input a field from _search and its equivalent search kwarg
+            if db_keys["duplicate"]:
+                dupe_pairs = "\n".join(
+                    f"{csrc(k)} and {_csrc(min_max_name_dict[k])}"
+                    for k in db_keys["duplicate"]
                 )
+                exc_strs.extend(
+                    [
+                        f"You have specified fields known to both {csrc('`search`')} and {_csrc('`_search`')}",
+                        f"   {dupe_pairs}",
+                        f"To avoid query ambiguity, please check your {csrc('`search`')} query and only specify",
+                        f"   {', '.join([csrc(k) for k in db_keys['duplicate']])}",
+                    ]
+                )
+            # Throw an exception if any unknown kwargs were input
+            if db_keys["unknown"]:
+                exc_strs.extend(
+                    [
+                        f"You have specified the following kwargs which are unknown to {csrc('`search`')}, "
+                        f"but may be known to {_csrc('`_search`')}",
+                        f"    \x1b[36m{', '.join(db_keys['unknown'])}\x1b[39m",
+                    ]
+                )
+
+            # Always print links to documentation on warning / exception
+            warn_ref_strs = [
+                "Please see the documentation:",
+                f"    {csrc('`search`: https://materialsproject.github.io/api/_autosummary/mp_api.client.routes.materials.summary.SummaryRester.html#mp_api.client.routes.materials.summary.SummaryRester.search')}",
+                f"   {_csrc('`_search`: https://api.materialsproject.org/redoc#tag/Materials-Summary/operation/search_materials_summary__get')}",
+            ]
+
+            if exc_strs:
+                raise MPRestError("\n".join([*warning_strs, *exc_strs, *warn_ref_strs]))
+            if warn_ref_strs:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "\n".join([*warning_strs, *warn_ref_strs]), category=MPRestWarning
+                )
+
+        for param, value in user_settings.items():
+            if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+                value = (value, value)
+            query_params.update(
+                {
+                    f"{min_max_name_dict[param]}_min": value[0],
+                    f"{min_max_name_dict[param]}_max": value[1],
+                }
+            )
 
         if material_ids:
             if isinstance(material_ids, str):

tests/materials/test_summary.py

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
     "theoretical": True,
     "has_reconstructed": False,
     "magnetic_ordering": Ordering.FM,
+    "nelements": (8, 9),
 }  # type: dict