mccaffers · mccaffers · May 22, 2026 · May 21, 2026 · May 21, 2026 · May 22, 2026
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -78,6 +78,21 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt install -y libssl-dev libpq-dev
+      # Ubuntu's apt Boost (1.83 on 24.04) predates Boost.Redis, which was added
+      # in Boost 1.84, so <boost/redis.hpp> is absent. Install a newer Boost.
+      # Boost.Redis/Asio are header-only, so we only need the headers plus the
+      # CMake package config — building just Boost.System generates both quickly.
+      - name: Install Boost >= 1.84 (for Boost.Redis)
+        run: |
+          BOOST_VERSION=1.86.0
+          BOOST_DIR="boost_${BOOST_VERSION//./_}"
+          wget -q "https://archives.boost.io/release/${BOOST_VERSION}/source/${BOOST_DIR}.tar.gz"
+          tar xzf "${BOOST_DIR}.tar.gz"
+          cd "${BOOST_DIR}"
+          ./bootstrap.sh
+          sudo ./b2 install --prefix=/usr/local --with-system -j"$(nproc)"
       - name: Check compiler version, for debugging
         run: |
           g++ --version

diff --git a/.github/workflows/scripts/brew.sh b/.github/workflows/scripts/brew.sh
@@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ check_and_install() {
 
 # Install packages if they don't exist
 check_and_install postgresql@18 # Check and install PostgreSQL (which includes libpq)
-check_and_install pkg-config  # Check and install pkg-config
+check_and_install pkg-config  # Check and install pkg-config
+check_and_install boost # Check and install pkg-config
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -62,6 +62,19 @@ if(APPLE)
     target_include_directories(BacktestingEngineLib PRIVATE /opt/homebrew/opt/libomp/include)
 endif()
 
+# Boost (Homebrew) — Boost.Redis is header-only but its implementation is
+# compiled into one TU via <boost/redis/src.hpp> (included in
+# source/redisRunner.cpp). It pulls in Boost.Asio's SSL layer, which needs
+# OpenSSL.
+find_package(Boost REQUIRED CONFIG)
+find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+target_link_libraries(BacktestingEngineLib PUBLIC
+    Boost::headers
+    OpenSSL::SSL
+    OpenSSL::Crypto
+    Threads::Threads)
+
 add_subdirectory(external/boost-decimal)
 target_link_libraries(BacktestingEngineLib PUBLIC Boost::decimal)
 

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ I'm extracting results and creating various graphs for trend analyses using SciP
 
 ![alt text](documents/images/random-indices-sp500-variable.svg)
 
-*Read more results on https://mccaffers.com/randomly_trading/*
+*Read more results on https://mccaffers.com/quantitative_analysis/randomly_trading/*
 
 ## Setup
 
-This backtesting engine can pull tick data from local files or from a Postgres database. I'm using QuestDB.
+This backtesting engine can pull tick data from local files or from a Postgres database (I'm using QuestDB). Strategy execution is dispatched via a Redis list called `strategy_queue`, with each entry a Base64-encoded JSON payload, the `load` subcommand enqueues strategies (LPUSH) and the `run` subcommand dequeues and executes them (RPOP). The default workflow expects a local `redis-server` listening on `127.0.0.1:6379`.
 
 ### Clone with submodules
 
@@ -40,9 +40,22 @@ For OpenSuse: zypper in postgresql-devel
 For ArchLinux: pacman -S postgresql-libs
 ```
 
+### Install Boost, OpenSSL, and Redis
+
+Boost.Redis is header-only but its single translation unit (compiled via `<boost/redis/src.hpp>` from `source/redisRunner.cpp`) pulls in Boost.Asio's SSL layer, so OpenSSL is a transitive requirement. A local `redis-server` on `127.0.0.1:6379` is also needed for the default `load`/`run` workflow.
+
+```
+For Mac Homebrew: brew install boost openssl redis
+For Ubuntu/Debian systems: sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev libssl-dev redis-server
+```
+
+The canonical CI prerequisite list lives in `.github/workflows/scripts/brew.sh` (`postgresql`, `pkg-config`, `boost`).
+
+![alt text](documents/flow.png)
+
 ### Build dependencies
 
-`libpqxx` is built once via CMake. `boost-decimal` is header-only and pulled in via `add_subdirectory` from the top-level `CMakeLists.txt` — nothing to build. The script below handles the libpqxx build:
+`libpqxx` is built once via CMake. `boost-decimal` is header-only and pulled in via `add_subdirectory` from the top-level `CMakeLists.txt`, nothing to build. The script below handles the libpqxx build:
 
 ```
 bash ./scripts/build_dep.sh
@@ -76,15 +89,36 @@ Xcode - Library Path
 
 ### Run via terminal
 
-`bash ./scripts/run.sh`
+`bash ./scripts/run.sh` builds the project, then, if `redis-cli ping` reaches a local Redis, enqueues an inline JSON strategy via `load` and executes it via `run localhost`. If Redis is unreachable the script prints a message and exits cleanly (see `scripts/run.sh:22-25`), so first-time users without Redis still get a clear signal.
+
+The `BacktestingEngine` binary exposes a subcommand CLI:
+
+```
+BacktestingEngine load <path> [path...]
+    Read each file as raw JSON, Base64-encode it, and LPUSH onto the Redis
+    `strategy_queue` list.
+
+BacktestingEngine run <questdb-host>
+    RPOP one Base64-encoded strategy from `strategy_queue` and execute it
+    against the supplied QuestDB host.
+
+BacktestingEngine run <questdb-host> <base64-config>
+    Decode the supplied Base64 strategy and execute it directly, bypassing
+    Redis.
+
+BacktestingEngine -h | --help
+    Show usage.
+```
+
+Defaults are `127.0.0.1:6379` for the Redis endpoint and `strategy_queue` for the list key (see `include/redisRunner.hpp` and `include/redisLoader.hpp`).
 
 ### Run tests via terminal
 
 `bash ./scripts/test.sh`
 
 ### Contributing
 
-This is an active solo experiment, so I'm not accepting pull requests right now — but please fork freely and use [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/mccaffers/backtesting-engine-cpp/issues) for bugs, questions, and ideas. See [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) for details.
+This is an active solo experiment, so I'm not accepting pull requests right now, but please fork freely and use [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/mccaffers/backtesting-engine-cpp/issues) for bugs, questions, and ideas. See [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) for details.
 
 ### License
 [MIT](https://choosealicense.com/licenses/mit/)
diff --git a/backtesting-engine-cpp.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj b/backtesting-engine-cpp.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
@@ -17,6 +17,14 @@
 		941B549B2D3BBADE00E3BF64 /* trading_definitions_json.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 941B54992D3BBADD00E3BF64 /* trading_definitions_json.cpp */; };
 		94280BA32D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 94280BA22D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.cpp */; };
 		94280BA42D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 94280BA22D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.cpp */; };
+		942EC5622FBEF94700CCBB5D /* redisConnection.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 942EC5612FBEF94700CCBB5D /* redisConnection.cpp */; };
+		942EC5632FBEF94700CCBB5D /* redisConnection.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 942EC5612FBEF94700CCBB5D /* redisConnection.cpp */; };
+		942EC5672FBEF95000CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 942EC5642FBEF95000CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.cpp */; };
+		942EC5682FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisLoader.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 942EC5652FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisLoader.cpp */; };
+		942EC5692FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisRunner.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 942EC5662FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisRunner.cpp */; };
+		942EC56A2FBEF95000CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 942EC5642FBEF95000CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.cpp */; };
+		942EC56B2FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisLoader.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 942EC5652FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisLoader.cpp */; };
+		942EC56C2FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisRunner.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 942EC5662FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisRunner.cpp */; };
 		943398242D57E53400287A2D /* jsonParser.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 943398232D57E53400287A2D /* jsonParser.cpp */; };
 		943398252D57E53400287A2D /* jsonParser.cpp in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 943398232D57E53400287A2D /* jsonParser.cpp */; };
 		943398272D57E54000287A2D /* jsonParser.mm in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 943398262D57E54000287A2D /* jsonParser.mm */; };
@@ -70,6 +78,14 @@
 		94280BA12D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.hpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.h; path = base64.hpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		94280BA22D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.cpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.cpp; path = base64.cpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		942966D82D48E84A00532862 /* priceData.hpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.h; path = priceData.hpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		942EC55D2FBEF92F00CCBB5D /* redisConnection.hpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.h; path = redisConnection.hpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		942EC55E2FBEF93A00CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.hpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.h; path = backtestRunner.hpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		942EC55F2FBEF93A00CCBB5D /* redisLoader.hpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.h; path = redisLoader.hpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		942EC5602FBEF93A00CCBB5D /* redisRunner.hpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.h; path = redisRunner.hpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		942EC5612FBEF94700CCBB5D /* redisConnection.cpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.cpp; path = redisConnection.cpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		942EC5642FBEF95000CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.cpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.cpp; path = backtestRunner.cpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		942EC5652FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisLoader.cpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.cpp; path = redisLoader.cpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		942EC5662FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisRunner.cpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.cpp; path = redisRunner.cpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		943398222D57E52900287A2D /* jsonParser.hpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.h; path = jsonParser.hpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		943398232D57E53400287A2D /* jsonParser.cpp */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.cpp; path = jsonParser.cpp; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		943398262D57E54000287A2D /* jsonParser.mm */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.cpp.objcpp; path = jsonParser.mm; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
@@ -1309,6 +1325,7 @@
 		94280BA72D2FC29F00F1CF56 /* utilities */ = {
 			isa = PBXGroup;
 			children = (
+				942EC5612FBEF94700CCBB5D /* redisConnection.cpp */,
 				94280BA22D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.cpp */,
 				943398232D57E53400287A2D /* jsonParser.cpp */,
 			);
@@ -1403,6 +1420,9 @@
 		9470B5A22C8C5AD0007D9CC6 /* source */ = {
 			isa = PBXGroup;
 			children = (
+				942EC5642FBEF95000CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.cpp */,
+				942EC5652FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisLoader.cpp */,
+				942EC5662FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisRunner.cpp */,
 				94D6010F2FA9CD700066F51A /* strategies */,
 				94674B8C2D533E7800973137 /* models */,
 				94674B862D533B4000973137 /* trading */,
@@ -1432,6 +1452,7 @@
 		94B8C7932D3D770800E17EB6 /* utilities */ = {
 			isa = PBXGroup;
 			children = (
+				942EC55D2FBEF92F00CCBB5D /* redisConnection.hpp */,
 				94C331A02FA899A8006BD690 /* decimal_json.hpp */,
 				94280BA12D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.hpp */,
 			);
@@ -3530,6 +3551,9 @@
 		94DE4F772C8C3E7C00FE48FF /* include */ = {
 			isa = PBXGroup;
 			children = (
+				942EC55E2FBEF93A00CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.hpp */,
+				942EC55F2FBEF93A00CCBB5D /* redisLoader.hpp */,
+				942EC5602FBEF93A00CCBB5D /* redisRunner.hpp */,
 				94D601132FA9CD890066F51A /* strategies */,
 				94674B842D533B2F00973137 /* trading */,
 				942966D72D48E84100532862 /* models */,
@@ -3642,12 +3666,16 @@
 				941408AE2D59F93F000ED1F9 /* sqlManager.cpp in Sources */,
 				9470B5A42C8C5AD0007D9CC6 /* main.cpp in Sources */,
 				943398252D57E53400287A2D /* jsonParser.cpp in Sources */,
+				942EC56A2FBEF95000CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.cpp in Sources */,
+				942EC56B2FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisLoader.cpp in Sources */,
+				942EC56C2FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisRunner.cpp in Sources */,
 				94280BA32D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.cpp in Sources */,
 				94674B8E2D533E7800973137 /* trade.cpp in Sources */,
 				941B549B2D3BBADE00E3BF64 /* trading_definitions_json.cpp in Sources */,
 				946EFF7E2FB9F44E008D9647 /* reporting.cpp in Sources */,
 				94674B872D533B4000973137 /* tradeManager.cpp in Sources */,
 				94CD8BA02D2E8CE500041BBA /* databaseConnection.cpp in Sources */,
+				942EC5622FBEF94700CCBB5D /* redisConnection.cpp in Sources */,
 				940A61132C92CE210083FEB8 /* configManager.cpp in Sources */,
 				94724A842F8B92C10029B940 /* operations.cpp in Sources */,
 				940A61172C92CE960083FEB8 /* serviceA.cpp in Sources */,
@@ -3662,7 +3690,11 @@
 				94CD8BA12D2E8CE500041BBA /* databaseConnection.cpp in Sources */,
 				941408AF2D59F93F000ED1F9 /* sqlManager.cpp in Sources */,
 				9464E5F12FA7467200D82BAD /* symbolScale.mm in Sources */,
+				942EC5632FBEF94700CCBB5D /* redisConnection.cpp in Sources */,
 				943398242D57E53400287A2D /* jsonParser.cpp in Sources */,
+				942EC5672FBEF95000CCBB5D /* backtestRunner.cpp in Sources */,
+				942EC5682FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisLoader.cpp in Sources */,
+				942EC5692FBEF95000CCBB5D /* redisRunner.cpp in Sources */,
 				94280BA42D2FC00200F1CF56 /* base64.cpp in Sources */,
 				94674B8D2D533E7800973137 /* trade.cpp in Sources */,
 				941B549A2D3BBADE00E3BF64 /* trading_definitions_json.cpp in Sources */,
@@ -3809,16 +3841,22 @@
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/build/include\"",
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/\"",
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/boost-decimal/include\"",
+					/opt/homebrew/include,
+					/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/include,
 				);
 				INCLUDED_RECURSIVE_SEARCH_PATH_SUBDIRECTORIES = "";
 				LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHS = (
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/build/src\"",
 					"/opt/homebrew/opt/postgresql@18/lib/postgresql",
+					/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/lib,
 				);
 				MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = 26.0;
 				OTHER_LDFLAGS = (
 					"-lpq",
 					"-lpqxx",
+					"-lssl",
+					"-lcrypto",
+					"-pthread",
 				);
 				OTHER_LIBTOOLFLAGS = "";
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
@@ -3838,16 +3876,22 @@
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/build/include\"",
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/\"",
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/boost-decimal/include\"",
+					/opt/homebrew/include,
+					/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/include,
 				);
 				INCLUDED_RECURSIVE_SEARCH_PATH_SUBDIRECTORIES = "";
 				LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHS = (
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/build/src\"",
 					"/opt/homebrew/opt/postgresql@18/lib/postgresql",
+					/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/lib,
 				);
 				MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = 26.0;
 				OTHER_LDFLAGS = (
 					"-lpq",
 					"-lpqxx",
+					"-lssl",
+					"-lcrypto",
+					"-pthread",
 				);
 				OTHER_LIBTOOLFLAGS = "";
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
@@ -3868,16 +3912,22 @@
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/include/pqxx/internal\"",
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/build/include\"",
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/boost-decimal/include\"",
+					/opt/homebrew/include,
+					/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/include,
 				);
 				LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHS = (
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/build/src\"",
 					"/opt/homebrew/opt/postgresql@18/lib/postgresql",
+					/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/lib,
 				);
 				MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = 26.0;
 				MARKETING_VERSION = 1.0;
 				OTHER_LDFLAGS = (
 					"-lpq",
 					"-lpqxx",
+					"-lssl",
+					"-lcrypto",
+					"-pthread",
 				);
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = com.mccaffers.tests;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
@@ -3898,16 +3948,22 @@
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/include/pqxx/internal\"",
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/build/include\"",
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/boost-decimal/include\"",
+					/opt/homebrew/include,
+					/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/include,
 				);
 				LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHS = (
 					"\"$(SRCROOT)/external/libpqxx/build/src\"",
 					"/opt/homebrew/opt/postgresql@18/lib/postgresql",
+					/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/lib,
 				);
 				MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = 26.0;
 				MARKETING_VERSION = 1.0;
 				OTHER_LDFLAGS = (
 					"-lpq",
 					"-lpqxx",
+					"-lssl",
+					"-lcrypto",
+					"-pthread",
 				);
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = com.mccaffers.tests;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";

diff --git a/documents/flow.png b/documents/flow.png
diff --git a/include/backtestRunner.hpp b/include/backtestRunner.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Backtesting Engine in C++
+//
+// (c) 2026 Ryan McCaffery | https://mccaffers.com
+// This code is licensed under MIT license (see LICENSE.txt for details)
+// ---------------------------------------
+
+#pragma once
+#include <string>
+#include "trading_definitions/configuration.hpp"
+
+int runBacktest(const std::string& questdbHost,
+                const trading_definitions::Configuration& config);
diff --git a/include/redisLoader.hpp b/include/redisLoader.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Backtesting Engine in C++
+//
+// (c) 2026 Ryan McCaffery | https://mccaffers.com
+// This code is licensed under MIT license (see LICENSE.txt for details)
+// ---------------------------------------
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+// LPUSH pairs with RedisRunner's RPOP so consumers observe FIFO ordering.
+class RedisLoader {
+public:
+    static int load(const std::string& rawJson,
+                    const std::string& redisHost = "127.0.0.1",
+                    int redisPort = 6379,
+                    const std::string& queueKey = "strategy_queue");
+
+    static int loadPayload(const std::string& redisHost,
+                           int redisPort,
+                           const std::string& queueKey,
+                           const std::string& rawJson);
+};
diff --git a/include/redisRunner.hpp b/include/redisRunner.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Backtesting Engine in C++
+//
+// (c) 2026 Ryan McCaffery | https://mccaffers.com
+// This code is licensed under MIT license (see LICENSE.txt for details)
+// ---------------------------------------
+
+#pragma once
+#include <string>
+
+class RedisRunner {
+public:
+    static int run(const std::string& questdbHost,
+                   const std::string& redisHost = "127.0.0.1",
+                   int redisPort = 6379,
+                   const std::string& queueKey = "strategy_queue");
+};
diff --git a/include/strategies/strategyErrors.hpp b/include/strategies/strategyErrors.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Backtesting Engine in C++
+//
+// (c) 2026 Ryan McCaffery | https://mccaffers.com
+// This code is licensed under MIT license (see LICENSE.txt for details)
+// ---------------------------------------
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+
+// Thrown by the strategy factory when the configured strategy name does not
+// match any known strategy. Derives from std::runtime_error so existing
+// catch(const std::runtime_error&) / catch(const std::exception&) sites still
+// match, while giving new callers a dedicated type to discriminate a
+// configuration / domain error from any other runtime failure.
+class UnknownStrategyError : public std::runtime_error {
+public:
+    explicit UnknownStrategyError(std::string name)
+        : std::runtime_error("Unknown strategy: '" + name + "'"),
+          name_(std::move(name)) {}
+
+    const std::string& name() const noexcept { return name_; }
+
+private:
+    std::string name_;
+};