Make ClientTransportClosedException public and unify transport exception handling #2557

Job	Run time
build (macos-latest, Release)	6m 23s
build (ubuntu-latest, Release)	13m 23s
build (windows-latest, Release)	12m 29s
build (ubuntu-latest, Debug)	7m 22s
build (windows-latest, Debug)	11m 28s
build (macos-latest, Debug)	4m 39s
publish-coverage	0s
	55m 44s

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