diff --git a/.changeset/fix-uri-template-optional-query.md b/.changeset/fix-uri-template-optional-query.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cd86ff552
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/fix-uri-template-optional-query.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@modelcontextprotocol/core': patch
+---
+
+Fix UriTemplate.match() to handle optional and out-of-order query parameters per RFC 6570. Templates like `{?param1,param2}` now correctly match URIs with no query params, a subset of params, or params in any order.
diff --git a/packages/core/src/shared/uriTemplate.ts b/packages/core/src/shared/uriTemplate.ts
index 5ffe213ac..cf6b6d281 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/shared/uriTemplate.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/shared/uriTemplate.ts
@@ -210,15 +210,8 @@ export class UriTemplate {
             UriTemplate.validateLength(name, MAX_VARIABLE_LENGTH, 'Variable name');
         }
 
+        // ?/& operators are handled directly in match() for order-independent, optional matching
         if (part.operator === '?' || part.operator === '&') {
-            for (let i = 0; i < part.names.length; i++) {
-                const name = part.names[i]!;
-                const prefix = i === 0 ? '\\' + part.operator : '&';
-                patterns.push({
-                    pattern: prefix + this.escapeRegExp(name) + '=([^&]+)',
-                    name
-                });
-            }
             return patterns;
         }
 
@@ -227,7 +220,8 @@ export class UriTemplate {
 
         switch (part.operator) {
             case '': {
-                pattern = part.exploded ? '([^/,]+(?:,[^/,]+)*)' : '([^/,]+)';
+                // Exclude ?/# so path vars don't consume the query/fragment delimiter
+                pattern = part.exploded ? '([^/?#,]+(?:,[^/?#,]+)*)' : '([^/?#,]+)';
                 break;
             }
             case '+':
@@ -256,10 +250,19 @@ export class UriTemplate {
         UriTemplate.validateLength(uri, MAX_TEMPLATE_LENGTH, 'URI');
         let pattern = '^';
         const names: Array<{ name: string; exploded: boolean }> = [];
+        const queryParamNames: string[] = [];
 
         for (const part of this.parts) {
             if (typeof part === 'string') {
                 pattern += this.escapeRegExp(part);
+            } else if (part.operator === '?' || part.operator === '&') {
+                // Collect query param names for order-independent parsing below
+                for (const name of part.names) {
+                    UriTemplate.validateLength(name, MAX_VARIABLE_LENGTH, 'Variable name');
+                    queryParamNames.push(name);
+                }
+                // Allow an optional query string (everything up to # or end)
+                pattern += '(?:[?&][^#]*)?';
             } else {
                 const patterns = this.partToRegExp(part);
                 for (const { pattern: partPattern, name } of patterns) {
@@ -285,6 +288,24 @@ export class UriTemplate {
             result[cleanName] = exploded && value.includes(',') ? value.split(',') : value;
         }
 
+        // Parse query params for ?/& template variables -- order-independent, all optional
+        if (queryParamNames.length > 0) {
+            const qIdx = uri.indexOf('?');
+            if (qIdx !== -1) {
+                const queryString = uri.slice(qIdx + 1).split('#')[0]!;
+                for (const pair of queryString.split('&')) {
+                    const eqIdx = pair.indexOf('=');
+                    if (eqIdx !== -1) {
+                        const key = pair.slice(0, eqIdx);
+                        const val = pair.slice(eqIdx + 1);
+                        if (queryParamNames.includes(key)) {
+                            result[key] = val;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         return result;
     }
 }
diff --git a/packages/core/test/shared/uriTemplate.test.ts b/packages/core/test/shared/uriTemplate.test.ts
index 3954901c4..937b237e2 100644
--- a/packages/core/test/shared/uriTemplate.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/test/shared/uriTemplate.test.ts
@@ -311,4 +311,68 @@ describe('UriTemplate', () => {
             expect(elapsed).toBeLessThan(100);
         });
     });
+
+    describe('optional query parameter matching (RFC 6570)', () => {
+        it('should match when no query parameters are present', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('dom://{pageId}{?selector,includeAttributes,includeText,includeChildren}');
+            const match = template.match('dom://5a072bc8-a8c7-43c3-84ac-154651ac5d44');
+            expect(match).toEqual({ pageId: '5a072bc8-a8c7-43c3-84ac-154651ac5d44' });
+        });
+
+        it('should match when a subset of query parameters are present', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('dom://{pageId}{?selector,includeAttributes,includeText,includeChildren}');
+            const match = template.match('dom://5a072bc8-a8c7-43c3-84ac-154651ac5d44?selector=body');
+            expect(match).toEqual({ pageId: '5a072bc8-a8c7-43c3-84ac-154651ac5d44', selector: 'body' });
+        });
+
+        it('should match when query parameters are in a different order', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('dom://{pageId}{?selector,includeAttributes}');
+            const match = template.match('dom://page1?includeAttributes=true&selector=body');
+            expect(match).toEqual({ pageId: 'page1', includeAttributes: 'true', selector: 'body' });
+        });
+
+        it('should match when all query parameters are present', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('dom://{pageId}{?selector,includeAttributes,includeText,includeChildren}');
+            const match = template.match('dom://page1?selector=body&includeAttributes=true&includeText=true&includeChildren=true');
+            expect(match).toEqual({
+                pageId: 'page1',
+                selector: 'body',
+                includeAttributes: 'true',
+                includeText: 'true',
+                includeChildren: 'true'
+            });
+        });
+
+        it('should match with a single optional query param template', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('/search{?q}');
+            expect(template.match('/search')).toEqual({});
+            expect(template.match('/search?q=test')).toEqual({ q: 'test' });
+        });
+
+        it('should match multiple optional query params with partial presence', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('/search{?q,page,limit}');
+            expect(template.match('/search')).toEqual({});
+            expect(template.match('/search?q=test')).toEqual({ q: 'test' });
+            expect(template.match('/search?page=2&limit=10')).toEqual({ page: '2', limit: '10' });
+            expect(template.match('/search?q=test&page=1&limit=10')).toEqual({ q: 'test', page: '1', limit: '10' });
+        });
+
+        it('should ignore unknown query parameters not in the template', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('/search{?q,page}');
+            const match = template.match('/search?q=test&unknown=value&page=1');
+            expect(match).toEqual({ q: 'test', page: '1' });
+        });
+
+        it('should handle encoded query parameter values', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('/search{?q}');
+            const match = template.match('/search?q=hello%20world');
+            expect(match).toEqual({ q: 'hello%20world' });
+        });
+
+        it('should still reject URIs that do not match the base path', () => {
+            const template = new UriTemplate('/users/{id}{?fields}');
+            expect(template.match('/posts/123')).toBeNull();
+            expect(template.match('/users/123/extra')).toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
 });