👷 Enable testing on Python 3.14

.github/workflows/cd.yml

@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ jobs:
       - name: Generate artifact attestation for sdist and wheel(s)
         uses: actions/attest@59d89421af93a897026c735860bf21b6eb4f7b26 # v4.1.0
         with:
-          subject-path: "dist/*"
+          subject-path: dist/*
       - uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@cef221092ed1bacb1cc03d23a2d87d1d172e277b # v1.14.0

noxfile.py

@@ -30,9 +30,7 @@
 nox.options.default_venv_backend = "uv"
 
 
-# TODO(denialhaag): Add 3.14 when all dependencies support it
-#   https://github.com/munich-quantum-toolkit/qecc/issues/464
-PYTHON_ALL_VERSIONS = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
+PYTHON_ALL_VERSIONS = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
 
 if os.environ.get("CI", None):
     nox.options.error_on_missing_interpreters = True

pyproject.toml

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ classifiers = [
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14",
     "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Electronic Design Automation (EDA)",
     "Typing :: Typed",
 ]
@@ -51,15 +52,20 @@ dependencies = [
   "numpy>=1.24.1",
   "numpy>=1.26; python_version >= '3.12'",
   "numpy>=2.1; python_version >= '3.13'",
+  "numpy>=2.3.2; python_version >= '3.14'",
   "numba>=0.57",
   "numba>=0.59; python_version >= '3.12'",
   "numba>=0.61; python_version >= '3.13'",
+  "numba>=0.63.1; python_version >= '3.14'",
   "scipy>=1.15.2",
+  "scipy>=1.16.1; python_version >= '3.14'",
   "z3-solver>=4.15.3",
   "multiprocess>=0.70.17",
+  "multiprocess>=0.70.19; python_version >= '3.14'",
   "ldpc>=2.3.10",
   "stim>=1.14.0",
   "pymatching>=2.2.2",
+  "pymatching>=2.4.0; python_version >= '3.14'",
   "bposd>=1.6",
   "qecsim>=1.0b9",
   "sinter>=1.14.0",

src/mqt/qecc/cc_decoder/stim_interface/color_code_stim.py

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ def gen_stim_circuit_memory_experiment(
     """Generate a stim circuit for a memory experiment on the 2D color code."""
     data_qubits = range(len(pcm[0]))
     circuit = stim.Circuit()
-    circuit.append("R", data_qubits)  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+    circuit.append("R", data_qubits)
 
     # initialization
     circuit = add_checks_one_round(pcm, circuit, False, 0)

src/mqt/qecc/circuit_synthesis/cat_states.py

@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ def cat_state_line(w: int) -> stim.Circuit:
         noisy stim circuit preparing the cat state
     """
     circ = stim.Circuit()
-    circ.append("H", [0])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+    circ.append("H", [0])
     for i in reversed(range(1, w)):
-        circ.append("CX", [0, i])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+        circ.append("CX", [0, i])
     return circ
 
 
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ def sample_cat_state(
         circ = self._get_noisy_circ(p)
         # Final, *noise-free* measurement of data qubits
         circ.append("TICK")  # ty: ignore[invalid-argument-type]
-        circ.append("MR", list(range(self.w1)))  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+        circ.append("MR", list(range(self.w1)))
 
         if batch_size is None:
             batch_size = n_samples
@@ -290,8 +290,8 @@ def _add_qubit_initializations(circ: stim.Circuit) -> stim.Circuit:
             hadamard_qubits.update(t.value for t in gate.targets_copy())
 
     with_inits = with_inits[::-1]
-    with_inits.append("RX", list(hadamard_qubits - is_initialized))  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-    with_inits.append("R", [q for q in range(circ.num_qubits) if q not in hadamard_qubits and q not in is_initialized])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+    with_inits.append("RX", list(hadamard_qubits - is_initialized))
+    with_inits.append("R", [q for q in range(circ.num_qubits) if q not in hadamard_qubits and q not in is_initialized])
     return with_inits[::-1]
 
 
@@ -417,14 +417,14 @@ def fault_gens_from_circuit(circ: stim.Circuit) -> list[int]:
 
 def _ft_w_4_cat_state() -> tuple[stim.Circuit, list[tuple[list[int], list[int]]]]:
     circ = stim.Circuit()
-    circ.append("RX", [4])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-    circ.append("R", [0, 1, 2, 3])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-    circ.append("CX", [4, 0])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-    circ.append("CX", [0, 1])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-    circ.append("CX", [1, 2])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-    circ.append("CX", [2, 3])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-    circ.append("CX", [3, 4])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-    circ.append("MR", [4])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+    circ.append("RX", [4])
+    circ.append("R", [0, 1, 2, 3])
+    circ.append("CX", [4, 0])
+    circ.append("CX", [0, 1])
+    circ.append("CX", [1, 2])
+    circ.append("CX", [2, 3])
+    circ.append("CX", [3, 4])
+    circ.append("MR", [4])
     return circ, [([4], [0, 1, 2, 3])]
 
 
@@ -490,10 +490,10 @@ def _recurse(w1: int, w2: int) -> tuple[stim.Circuit, list[tuple[list[int], list
         new_measurements = []
         for i in range(n_meas):
             anc = circ.num_qubits
-            circ.append("R", [anc])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-            circ.append("CX", [i, anc])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-            circ.append("CX", [i + w1, anc])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-            circ.append("MR", [anc])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            circ.append("R", [anc])
+            circ.append("CX", [i, anc])
+            circ.append("CX", [i + w1, anc])
+            circ.append("MR", [anc])
             new_measurements.append(anc)
 
         data_to_flip = list(range(w1)) if w1 < w2 else list(range(w1, w1 + w2))
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ def simulate_recursive_cat_construction(
     circ_run += circ_base
     circ_run.append("TICK")  # ty: ignore[invalid-argument-type]
     # measure data at the end
-    circ_run.append("MR", list(range(w)))  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+    circ_run.append("MR", list(range(w)))
     data_cols_start = len(meas_index_of_qubit)  # data bits are at the end
 
     circ_noisy = circ_run

src/mqt/qecc/circuit_synthesis/circuit_utils.py

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def relabel_qubits(circ: Circuit, qubit_mapping: dict[int, int] | int) -> Circui
             relabelled_qubits = [qubit_mapping[q.value] for q in op.targets_copy()]
         else:
             relabelled_qubits = [q.value + qubit_mapping for q in op.targets_copy()]
-        new_circ.append(op.name, relabelled_qubits)  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+        new_circ.append(op.name, relabelled_qubits)
     return new_circ
 
 
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ def qiskit_to_stim_circuit(qc: QuantumCircuit) -> Circuit:
         op = gate.operation.name
         qubit = qc.find_bit(gate.qubits[0])[0]
         if op in single_qubit_gate_map:
-            stim_circuit.append(single_qubit_gate_map[op], [qubit])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            stim_circuit.append(single_qubit_gate_map[op], [qubit])
         elif op == "cx":
             target = qc.find_bit(gate.qubits[1])[0]
-            stim_circuit.append("CX", [qubit, target])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            stim_circuit.append("CX", [qubit, target])
         elif op == "barrier":
             stim_circuit.append("TICK")  # ty: ignore[invalid-argument-type]
         else:
@@ -149,8 +149,9 @@ def collect_circuit_layers(circ: Circuit, scheduling_method: str = "asap") -> li
         assert isinstance(instr, CircuitInstruction)
         for grp in instr.target_groups():
             qubits = [q.qubit_value for q in grp]
-            circ_copy.append(instr.name, qubits)  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
-            circ_copy.append("TICK", [])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            assert all(qubit is not None for qubit in qubits)
+            circ_copy.append(instr.name, cast("list[int]", qubits))
+            circ_copy.append("TICK", [])
 
     if scheduling_method == "alap":
         circ_copy = circ_copy[::-1]  # Reverse the circuit for ALAP scheduling
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ def collect_circuit_layers(circ: Circuit, scheduling_method: str = "asap") -> li
 
             # Check if any qubit from this instruction is already used in the layer
             if not any(qubit_layer_used[q] for q in qubits):
-                layer.append(instr.name, qubits)  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                layer.append(instr.name, qubits)
                 instr_to_delete.append(idx)  # Mark this instruction for removal
 
             # Mark the qubits used in this instruction
@@ -229,7 +230,7 @@ def remove_single_qubit_gates(circ: Circuit) -> Circuit:
         assert isinstance(op, CircuitInstruction)
         if all(len(grp) == 1 for grp in op.target_groups()):
             continue
-        new_circ.append(op.name, _get_qubit_values(op))  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+        new_circ.append(op.name, _get_qubit_values(op))
     return new_circ
 
 
@@ -246,7 +247,7 @@ def remove_swap_gates(circ: Circuit) -> Circuit:
     for op in circ:
         if op.name == "SWAP":
             continue
-        new_circ.append(op.name, _get_qubit_values(op))  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+        new_circ.append(op.name, _get_qubit_values(op))
     return new_circ
 
 

src/mqt/qecc/circuit_synthesis/circuits.py

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ def to_stim_circuit(self, with_resets: bool = True) -> stim.Circuit:
         result = stim.Circuit()
 
         for qubit, basis in self._initializations.items():
-            result.append("R" + basis, [qubit])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            result.append("R" + basis, [qubit])
 
         result += self._circ
 
@@ -387,10 +387,10 @@ def to_stim_circuit(self, with_resets: bool = True) -> stim.Circuit:
 
         if with_resets:
             for qubit, basis in self._initializations.items():
-                stim_circuit.append("R" + basis, [qubit])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                stim_circuit.append("R" + basis, [qubit])
 
         if self.cnots:
-            stim_circuit.append("CX", [qubit for pair in self.cnots for qubit in pair])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            stim_circuit.append("CX", [qubit for pair in self.cnots for qubit in pair])
 
         return stim_circuit
 

src/mqt/qecc/circuit_synthesis/encoding.py

@@ -456,27 +456,27 @@ def cz_var(depth: int, q1: int, q2: int) -> z3.BoolRef:
         # Single-qubit gates.
         for q in range(n):
             if model_bool(model, h_gate[depth][q]):
-                reduction.append("H", [q])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                reduction.append("H", [q])
             elif model_bool(model, s_gate[depth][q]):
-                reduction.append("S", [q])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                reduction.append("S", [q])
             elif model_bool(model, sqrt_x_gate[depth][q]):
-                reduction.append("SQRT_X", [q])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                reduction.append("SQRT_X", [q])
 
         # Two-qubit gates.
         for (control, target), gate in cx_gate[depth].items():
             if model_bool(model, gate):
-                reduction.append("CX", [control, target])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                reduction.append("CX", [control, target])
 
         for (q1, q2), gate in cz_gate[depth].items():
             if model_bool(model, gate):
-                reduction.append("CZ", [q1, q2])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                reduction.append("CZ", [q1, q2])
 
     # Normalize terminal X-pivot ancillas to Z-pivot ancillas.
     # In the final encoder this becomes initial H preparation of those ancillas.
     x_pivot_ancillas: list[int] = [q for q in range(n) if model_bool(model, x_pivot[q])]
 
     if x_pivot_ancillas:
-        reduction.append("H", x_pivot_ancillas)  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+        reduction.append("H", x_pivot_ancillas)
 
     # Extract which physical qubits carry the input logical qubits.
     encoding_qubits: list[int] = []
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ def cz_var(depth: int, q1: int, q2: int) -> z3.BoolRef:
     encoder_circuit = stim.Circuit()
 
     if ancilla_qubits:
-        encoder_circuit.append("RZ", ancilla_qubits)  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+        encoder_circuit.append("RZ", ancilla_qubits)
 
     encoder_circuit += reduction.inverse()
 
@@ -533,11 +533,11 @@ def cz_var(depth: int, q1: int, q2: int) -> z3.BoolRef:
 
         for q, (xv, zv) in enumerate(zip(x_correction, z_correction, strict=False)):
             if xv == 1 and zv == 1:
-                encoder_circuit.append("Y", [q])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                encoder_circuit.append("Y", [q])
             elif xv == 1:
-                encoder_circuit.append("X", [q])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                encoder_circuit.append("X", [q])
             elif zv == 1:
-                encoder_circuit.append("Z", [q])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                encoder_circuit.append("Z", [q])
 
     return CliffordIsometry.from_stim_circuit(encoder_circuit)
 
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ def gottesman_encoding_circuit(tableau: StabilizerTableau | Sequence[str]) -> Cl
         z_part[row] = t
 
         if x_part[row][column] == 0:
-            circ.append("H", [column])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            circ.append("H", [column])
             t = x_part[:, column].copy()
             x_part[:, column] = z_part[:, column]
             z_part[:, column] = t
@@ -753,26 +753,26 @@ def gottesman_encoding_circuit(tableau: StabilizerTableau | Sequence[str]) -> Cl
         for q in np.where(x_part[row])[0]:
             if q == column:
                 continue
-            circ.append("CX", [column, q])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            circ.append("CX", [column, q])
             x_part[:, q] ^= x_part[:, column]
             z_part[:, column] ^= z_part[:, q]
 
         if z_part[row][column] == 1:
-            circ.append("S", [column])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            circ.append("S", [column])
             z_part[:, column] ^= x_part[:, column]
 
         for q in np.where(z_part[row])[0]:
             if q == column:
                 continue
-            circ.append("CZ", [column, q])  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+            circ.append("CZ", [column, q])
             z_part[:, q] ^= x_part[:, column]
             z_part[:, column] ^= x_part[:, q]
 
         # reduce stabilizers below row
         x_part[:, column] = 0
         x_part[row, column] = 1
 
-    circ.append("H", initialized)  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+    circ.append("H", initialized)
     circ = circ.inverse()
 
     signs = [s.sign for s in circ.to_tableau().to_stabilizers()]

src/mqt/qecc/circuit_synthesis/noise.py

@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ def apply(self, circ: Circuit) -> Circuit:
             assert isinstance(op, CircuitInstruction)
             for grp in op.target_groups():
                 layer_circ = Circuit()
-                layer_circ.append(op.name, grp)  # ty: ignore[no-matching-overload]
+                layer_circ.append(op.name, grp)
                 layers.append(layer_circ)
 
         if self.resets_alap: