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Benchmarks

Test Environment

Hardware Configuration

Component	Specification
Computer Model	Lenovo ThinkPad P15v Gen 3
CPU	12th Gen Intel Core i7-12800H (20 logical, 14 physical cores)
Base Clock	2.80 GHz
Turbo Clock	4.80 GHz
L1 Data Cache	48 KiB (×6 P-cores) + 32 KiB (×8 E-cores)
L1 Instruction Cache	32 KiB (×6 P-cores) + 64 KiB (×2 E-core clusters)
L2 Unified Cache	1.25 MiB (×6 P-cores) + 2 MiB (×2 E-core clusters)
L3 Unified Cache	24 MiB (×1 shared)
RAM	DDR4-3200 (32GB)
GPU	NVIDIA RTX A2000 4GB GDDR6

Software Configuration

Platform	OS	Benchmark Framework	C++ Compiler	nfx-stringbuilder version
Linux	LMDE 7	Google Benchmark v1.9.5	GCC 14.2.0-x64	v0.6.0
Linux	LMDE 7	Google Benchmark v1.9.5	Clang 19.1.7-x64	v0.6.0
Windows	Windows 10	Google Benchmark v1.9.5	MinGW GCC 14.2.0-x64	v0.6.0
Windows	Windows 10	Google Benchmark v1.9.5	MSVC 19.44.35217.0-x64	v0.6.0

Performance Results

BM_Comparative - Small Strings

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StdString_SmallStrings	51.9 ns	54.0 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringStream_SmallStrings	197 ns	212 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_FmtMemoryBuffer_SmallStrings	80.8 ns	89.0 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_SmallStrings	92.1 ns	99.0 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_SmallStrings	28.5 ns	29.2 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_Comparative - Medium Strings

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StdString_MediumStrings	68.1 ns	78.8 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringStream_MediumStrings	177 ns	199 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_FmtMemoryBuffer_MediumStrings	66.9 ns	86.6 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_MediumStrings	106 ns	121 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_MediumStrings	23.9 ns	25.9 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_Comparative - Large Strings

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StdString_LargeStrings	81.2 ns	94.9 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringStream_LargeStrings	197 ns	227 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_FmtMemoryBuffer_LargeStrings	78.7 ns	88.6 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_LargeStrings	123 ns	117 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_LargeStrings	78.6 ns	84.2 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_Comparative - Huge Strings

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StdString_HugeStrings	324 ns	331 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringStream_HugeStrings	831 ns	850 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_FmtMemoryBuffer_HugeStrings	673 ns	674 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_HugeStrings	355 ns	385 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_HugeStrings	665 ns	717 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_Comparative - Rapid Allocation Cycles

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StdString_RapidCycles	9.18 ns	7.18 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_FmtMemoryBuffer_RapidCycles	185 ns	204 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_RapidCycles	156 ns	146 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_RapidCycles	63.1 ns	67.8 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_Comparative - Mixed Operations

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StdString_MixedOperations	209 ns	213 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringStream_MixedOperations	386 ns	401 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_FmtMemoryBuffer_MixedOperations	91.6 ns	103 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_MixedOperations	65.6 ns	65.4 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_MixedOperations	74.9 ns	63.8 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_Comparative - Formatting

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StdFormat_ComplexFormatting	179 ns	154 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_FmtFormat_ComplexFormatting	113 ns	117 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_ComplexFormatting	59.1 ns	65.6 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_WithFormat	192 ns	190 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_ManualFormatting	66.0 ns	67.7 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Core - Append Operations

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_AppendChar	63.1 ns	65.9 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendCString	63.5 ns	83.9 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendStringView	105 ns	114 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendString	161 ns	189 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendInt	289 ns	131 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendDouble	3653 ns	3608 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendBool	107 ns	96.3 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Core - Stream Operators

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_StreamOperator	62.2 ns	62.4 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_ChainedAppends	62.1 ns	69.6 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Core - Other Operations

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_Prepend	135 ns	143 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_MixedAppendPrepend	85.7 ns	90.5 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_ClearAndReuse	20.2 ns	21.2 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_ToStringView	1.73 ns	1.83 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_ToString	14.7 ns	14.9 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Join - Small Collections

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_JoinSmall_Comma	29.0 ns	35.2 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_ManualLoop_JoinSmall_Comma	51.3 ns	50.1 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_JoinSmall_Comma	38.8 ns	40.7 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Join - Medium Collections

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_JoinMedium_Pipe	24.1 ns	29.2 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_ManualLoop_JoinMedium_Pipe	71.5 ns	70.8 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_JoinMedium_Pipe	30.4 ns	33.2 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Join - Large Collections

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_JoinLarge_Newline	66.2 ns	71.4 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_ManualLoop_JoinLarge_Newline	73.4 ns	69.4 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_JoinLarge_Newline	32.4 ns	34.3 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Join - Numeric Arrays

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_JoinNumbers	353 ns	382 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_ManualLoop_JoinNumbers	767 ns	719 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_Abseil_JoinNumbers	1115 ns	1327 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Join - Edge Cases

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_JoinEmpty	1.25 ns	2.45 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_JoinSingle	5.72 ns	6.78 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Lines - Small Strings

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_AppendLine_Small	29.5 ns	26.1 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendManual_Small	27.6 ns	27.4 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Lines - Medium Strings

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_AppendLine_Medium	23.6 ns	24.3 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendManual_Medium	24.0 ns	23.8 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Lines - Large Strings

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_AppendLine_Large	72.1 ns	70.7 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_AppendManual_Large	67.4 ns	68.2 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Lines - Workloads

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_LogWorkload	0.817 us	0.566 us	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_CsvWorkload	2327 ns	2031 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_NmeaWorkload	273 ns	224 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Lines - Edge Cases

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_AppendLine_Empty	75.4 ns	58.9 ns	TBA	TBA

BM_StringBuilder_Advanced

Operation	Linux GCC	Linux Clang	Windows MinGW GCC	Windows MSVC
BM_StringBuilder_NoHint	0.520 us	0.446 us	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_WithHint	0.387 us	0.299 us	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_BufferReuse	82.6 ns	84.0 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_ZeroAlloc	17.3 ns	15.8 ns	TBA	TBA
BM_StringBuilder_MemoryPressure	1.02 us	1.15 us	TBA	TBA

Updated on February 11, 2026