build: support meson build system (#375)

* tests: migrate deprecated std::is_trivial_v

* tools: add python typings

* build: support meson build system

CMake feature parity:
- [x] Export meson target
- [x] Export meson c++20 modules target
- [ ] Export cmake target
- [x] Installing headers
- [x] Googletest support
- [x] Freestanding tests
- [x] Modules tests
- [x] Google Benchmark support
- [x] Extract examples from docs

Extra features:
- [x] Export pkgconfig target
- [x] clang-format support
- [x] Make fmtlib optional when building examples
- [x] Install documents to docdir

Tested on Fedora Linux 44 (gcc/clang/msvc-wine + ninja) and Windows 10 22H2 (msvc + vs2022).

* ci: fix shellcheck warnings

* ci: add meson tests

* style: run clang-format

* ci: workaround clang sanitizer linking bug

* build/meson: fix modules builds on mingw winpthreads

* build/meson: do not link -nodefaultlibs on sanitized builds

* build/meson: increase max object section count on msvc

* ci: only test release builds, do not run benchmarks

* ci: pin runner versions

* ci: exclude unsupported / broken platforms

* build: add a notice about clang-cl broken msvc compatibility

* build: meson gtest autodiscovery

* build: meson doctest autoglob

* ci: manage meson builds from proxy-ci

* build: meson benchmarks autogen

* build: make meson use common doctest extract logic

* build/meson: auto disable tests if in a subproject

* build/meson: auto disable benchmarks if in a subproject

* build/meson: remove docdir installation

the glob only contains files with C++ source code now.

* build/meson: remove all autogen

* build/meson: only add WINPTHREAD_COND_DECL workaround if winpthreads is found

* ci: reword step names

* ci: move meson ci tests into bvt workflows

* build/meson: support pgi compilers

* ci: remove meson from compatibility tests

* ci: run meson and cmake in one pass

* Test for std::format using __cpp_lib_format

With specialization for libc++. Fixes compilation on libc++ 16-18 that
has incomplete std::format support.

* build/meson: remove module support

too many compiler-specific workarounds.
waiting for better upstream support.

* fixup! ci: add meson tests

* fixup! Test for std::format using __cpp_lib_format

* build/meson: add test and benchmarks to all targets, only test build benchmark on ci

* fixup! Test for std::format using __cpp_lib_format

* fixup! build/meson: add test and benchmarks to all targets, only test build benchmark on ci

* fixup! build/meson: add test and benchmarks to all targets, only test build benchmark on ci

* build/meson: update fmt to 12.1.0

* fixup! tools: add python typings

* fixup! build/meson: remove all autogen

Author: mochaaP

.github/workflows/bvt-appleclang.yml

@@ -7,26 +7,33 @@ jobs:
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+    - name: install meson
+      run: pipx install meson
+
     - name: check compiler versions
       run: |
-        clang --version
+        cc --version
         xcodebuild -version
 
-    - name: build and run test with AppleClang
+    - name: build and run test with AppleClang on cmake
       run: |
-        cmake -B build -GNinja -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=23 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
-        cmake --build build -j
-        ctest --test-dir build -j
-        mkdir build/drop
-        chmod +x tools/dump_build_env.sh
-        ./tools/dump_build_env.sh clang++ build/drop/env-info.json
+        cmake -B build-cmake -GNinja -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=23 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
+        cmake --build build-cmake -j
+        ctest --test-dir build-cmake -j
+        mkdir build-cmake/drop
+        bash ./tools/dump_build_env.sh c++ build-cmake/drop/env-info.json
 
-    - name: run benchmarks
+    - name: build and run test with AppleClang on meson
       run: |
-        build/benchmarks/msft_proxy_benchmarks --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build/drop/benchmarking-results.json
+        meson setup build-meson --buildtype=release -Dtests=enabled -Dbenchmarks=enabled --force-fallback-for=fmt
+        meson test -C build-meson
+        meson test -C build-meson --benchmark --test-args=--benchmark_list_tests=true
+
+    - name: run benchmarks
+      run: build-cmake/benchmarks/msft_proxy_benchmarks --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build-cmake/drop/benchmarking-results.json
 
     - name: archive benchmarking results
       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: drop-appleclang
-        path: build/drop/
+        path: build-cmake/drop/

.github/workflows/bvt-clang.yml

@@ -7,35 +7,45 @@ jobs:
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+    - name: install meson
+      run: pipx install meson
+
     - name: install clang
       run: |
-        wget https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh
-        chmod +x llvm.sh
-        sudo ./llvm.sh 21
-        sudo apt install -y libc++-21-dev clang-format-21
+        curl https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh | sudo bash -s -- 21
+        sudo apt install -y clang-21 libc++-21-dev clang-format-21
+        cat <<'EOF' >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+        CC=clang-21
+        CXX=clang++-21
+        CXXFLAGS=-stdlib=libc++
+        EOF
 
     - name: check compiler version
       run: |
-        clang++-21 --version
+        "$CXX" --version
 
-    - name: build and run test with clang 21
+    - name: build and run test with clang 21 on cmake
       run: |
-        cmake -B build -GNinja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-21 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-21 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-stdlib=libc++" -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=23 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=TRUE
-        mapfile -t FILES < <(find include tests benchmarks build/examples_from_docs tools -type f \( -name '*.h' -o -name '*.ixx' -o -name '*.cpp' \))
+        cmake -B build-cmake -GNinja -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=23 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=TRUE
+        mapfile -t FILES < <(find include tests benchmarks build-cmake/examples_from_docs tools -type f \( -name '*.h' -o -name '*.ixx' -o -name '*.cpp' \))
         echo "Running clang-format on ${#FILES[@]} files: ${FILES[*]}"
         clang-format-21 --dry-run --Werror "${FILES[@]}"
-        cmake --build build -j
-        ctest --test-dir build -j
-        mkdir build/drop
-        chmod +x tools/dump_build_env.sh
-        ./tools/dump_build_env.sh clang++-21 build/drop/env-info.json
+        cmake --build build-cmake -j
+        ctest --test-dir build-cmake -j
+        mkdir build-cmake/drop
+        bash ./tools/dump_build_env.sh "$CXX" build-cmake/drop/env-info.json
 
-    - name: run benchmarks
+    - name: build and run test with clang 21 on meson
       run: |
-        build/benchmarks/msft_proxy_benchmarks --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build/drop/benchmarking-results.json
+        meson setup build-meson --buildtype=release -Dtests=enabled -Dbenchmarks=enabled --force-fallback-for=fmt
+        meson test -C build-meson
+        meson test -C build-meson --benchmark --test-args=--benchmark_list_tests=true
+
+    - name: run benchmarks
+      run: build-cmake/benchmarks/msft_proxy_benchmarks --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build-cmake/drop/benchmarking-results.json
 
     - name: archive benchmarking results
       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: drop-clang
-        path: build/drop/
+        path: build-cmake/drop/

.github/workflows/bvt-compatibility.yml

@@ -4,63 +4,46 @@ on:
 jobs:
   bvt-compatibility:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        compiler:
+          - {family: gcc, version: 13, modules: false}
+          - {family: gcc, version: 14, modules: true}
+          - {family: clang, version: 16, modules: false}
+          - {family: clang, version: 17, modules: false}
+          - {family: clang, version: 18, modules: false}
+          - {family: clang, version: 19, modules: false}
+          - {family: clang, version: 20, modules: true}
+
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-    - name: install compilers
-      run: |
-        wget https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh
-        chmod +x llvm.sh
-        sudo ./llvm.sh 20
-        sudo apt install -y gcc-13 g++-13 gcc-14 g++-14 clang-16 clang-17 clang-18 clang-19 libc++-17-dev
-
-    - name: check compiler versions
-      run: |
-        g++-13 --version
-        g++-14 --version
-        clang++-16 --version
-        clang++-17 --version
-        clang++-18 --version
-        clang++-19 --version
-        clang++-20 --version
-
-    - name: build and run test with gcc 14
-      run: |
-        cmake -B build-gcc-14 -GNinja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc-14 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++-14 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=TRUE
-        cmake --build build-gcc-14 -j
-        ctest --test-dir build-gcc-14 -j
-
-    - name: build and run test with gcc 13
-      run: |
-        cmake -B build-gcc-13 -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc-13 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++-13 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
-        cmake --build build-gcc-13 -j
-        ctest --test-dir build-gcc-13 -j
-
-    - name: build and run test with clang 20
-      run: |
-        cmake -B build-clang-20 -GNinja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-20 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-20 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-stdlib=libc++" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=TRUE
-        cmake --build build-clang-20 -j
-        ctest --test-dir build-clang-20 -j
-    - name: build and run test with clang 19
+    - name: install gcc
+      if: ${{ matrix.compiler.family == 'gcc' }}
       run: |
-        cmake -B build-clang-19 -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-19 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-19 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-stdlib=libc++" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
-        cmake --build build-clang-19 -j
-        ctest --test-dir build-clang-19 -j
+        sudo apt install -y 'g++-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}'
+        cat <<'EOF' >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+        CC=gcc-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}
+        CXX=g++-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}
+        EOF
 
-    - name: build and run test with clang 18
+    - name: install clang
+      if: ${{ matrix.compiler.family == 'clang' }}
       run: |
-        cmake -B build-clang-18 -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-18 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-18 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-stdlib=libc++" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
-        cmake --build build-clang-18 -j
-        ctest --test-dir build-clang-18 -j
+        sudo apt install -y 'clang-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}' 'clang-tools-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}' 'libc++-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}-dev' 'libc++abi-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}-dev'
+        cat <<'EOF' >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+        CC=clang-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}
+        CXX=clang++-${{ matrix.compiler.version }}
+        CXXFLAGS=-stdlib=libc++
+        EOF
 
-    - name: build and run test with clang 17
+    - name: check compiler version
       run: |
-        cmake -B build-clang-17 -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-17 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-17 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-stdlib=libc++" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
-        cmake --build build-clang-17 -j
-        ctest --test-dir build-clang-17 -j
+        "$CXX" --version
 
-    - name: build and run test with clang 16
+    - name: build and run test with cmake
       run: |
-        cmake -B build-clang-16 -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-16 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++-16 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-stdlib=libc++" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
-        cmake --build build-clang-16 -j
-        ctest --test-dir build-clang-16 -j
+        cmake -B build -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release '-DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=${{ matrix.compiler.modules }}'
+        cmake --build build -j
+        ctest --test-dir build -j

.github/workflows/bvt-gcc.yml

@@ -8,30 +8,35 @@ jobs:
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-    - name: install dependencies
+    - name: install cmake and meson
       run: |
         apt-get update
-        apt-get install -y cmake ninja-build
+        apt-get install -y cmake meson ninja-build
 
     - name: check compiler version
       run: |
         g++ --version
 
-    - name: build and run test with gcc 15
+    - name: build and run test with gcc 15 on cmake
       run: |
-        cmake -B build -GNinja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++ -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=23 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=TRUE
-        cmake --build build -j
-        ctest --test-dir build -j
-        mkdir build/drop
+        cmake -B build-cmake -GNinja -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=23 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=TRUE
+        cmake --build build-cmake -j
+        ctest --test-dir build-cmake -j
+        mkdir build-cmake/drop
         chmod +x tools/dump_build_env.sh
-        ./tools/dump_build_env.sh g++ build/drop/env-info.json
+        ./tools/dump_build_env.sh g++ build-cmake/drop/env-info.json
 
-    - name: run benchmarks
+    - name: build and run test with gcc 15 on meson
       run: |
-        build/benchmarks/msft_proxy_benchmarks --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build/drop/benchmarking-results.json
+        meson setup build-meson --buildtype=release -Dtests=enabled -Dbenchmarks=enabled --force-fallback-for=fmt
+        meson test -C build-meson
+        meson test -C build-meson --benchmark --test-args=--benchmark_list_tests=true
+
+    - name: run benchmarks
+      run: build-cmake/benchmarks/msft_proxy_benchmarks --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build-cmake/drop/benchmarking-results.json
 
     - name: archive benchmarking results
       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: drop-gcc
-        path: build/drop/
+        path: build-cmake/drop/

.github/workflows/bvt-msvc.yml

@@ -7,23 +7,31 @@ jobs:
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+    - name: install meson
+      run: pipx install meson
+
     - name: add cl.exe to PATH
       uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
 
-    - name: build and run test with MSVC
+    - name: build and run test with MSVC on cmake
       run: |
-        cmake -B build -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=23 -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=TRUE `
-          && cmake --build build --config Release -j `
-          && ctest --test-dir build -j `
-          && mkdir build\drop > $null `
-          && .\tools\dump_build_env_msvc.ps1 -OutputPath build\drop\env-info.json
+        cmake -B build-cmake -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=23 -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=TRUE `
+          && cmake --build build-cmake --config Release -j `
+          && ctest --test-dir build-cmake -j `
+          && mkdir build-cmake\drop > $null `
+          && .\tools\dump_build_env_msvc.ps1 -OutputPath build-cmake\drop\env-info.json
 
-    - name: run benchmarks
+    - name: build and run test with MSVC on meson
       run: |
-        build\benchmarks\Release\msft_proxy_benchmarks.exe --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build\drop\benchmarking-results.json
+        meson setup build-meson --buildtype=release -Dtests=enabled -Dbenchmarks=enabled --force-fallback-for=fmt --vsenv
+        meson test -C build-meson
+        meson test -C build-meson --benchmark --test-args=--benchmark_list_tests=true
+
+    - name: run benchmarks
+      run: build-cmake\benchmarks\Release\msft_proxy_benchmarks.exe --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build-cmake\drop\benchmarking-results.json
 
     - name: archive benchmarking results
       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: drop-msvc
-        path: build/drop/
+        path: build-cmake/drop/

.github/workflows/bvt-nvhpc.yml

@@ -10,29 +10,41 @@ jobs:
     - name: free disk space
       uses: jlumbroso/free-disk-space@v1.3.1
 
+    # - name: install meson
+    #   # FIXME: install from upstream once https://github.com/mesonbuild/meson/pull/15353 is released
+    #   run: pipx install git+https://github.com/mesonbuild/meson@02b85a846629090a0c7f18e860bab0a10ea4349b
+
     - name: install NVHPC 25.11
       run: |
         curl https://developer.download.nvidia.com/hpc-sdk/ubuntu/DEB-GPG-KEY-NVIDIA-HPC-SDK | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-hpcsdk-archive-keyring.gpg
         echo 'deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-hpcsdk-archive-keyring.gpg] https://developer.download.nvidia.com/hpc-sdk/ubuntu/amd64 /' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvhpc.list
         sudo apt-get update -y
         sudo apt-get install -y nvhpc-25-11
+        cat<<'EOF' >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+        CC=/opt/nvidia/hpc_sdk/Linux_x86_64/25.11/compilers/bin/nvc
+        CXX=/opt/nvidia/hpc_sdk/Linux_x86_64/25.11/compilers/bin/nvc++
+        EOF
 
-    - name: build and run test with NVHPC 25.11
+    - name: build and run test with NVHPC 25.11 on cmake
       run: |
-        PATH=/opt/nvidia/hpc_sdk/Linux_x86_64/25.11/compilers/bin:$PATH; export PATH
-        cmake -B build -GNinja -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=nvc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=nvc++ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
-        cmake --build build -j
-        ctest --test-dir build -j
-        mkdir build/drop
+        cmake -B build-cmake -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DPROXY_BUILD_MODULES=FALSE
+        cmake --build build-cmake -j
+        ctest --test-dir build-cmake -j
+        mkdir build-cmake/drop
         chmod +x tools/dump_build_env.sh
-        ./tools/dump_build_env.sh nvc++ build/drop/env-info.json
+        ./tools/dump_build_env.sh "$CXX" build-cmake/drop/env-info.json
+
+    # - name: build and run test with NVHPC 25.11 on meson
+    #   run: |
+    #     meson setup build-meson --buildtype=release -Dtests=enabled -Dbenchmarks=enabled --force-fallback-for=fmt
+    #     meson test -C build-meson
+    #     meson test -C build-meson --benchmark --test-args=--benchmark_list_tests=true
 
     - name: run benchmarks
-      run: |
-        build/benchmarks/msft_proxy_benchmarks --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build/drop/benchmarking-results.json
+      run: build-cmake/benchmarks/msft_proxy_benchmarks --benchmark_min_warmup_time=0.1 --benchmark_min_time=0.1s --benchmark_repetitions=30 --benchmark_enable_random_interleaving=true --benchmark_report_aggregates_only=true --benchmark_format=json > build-cmake/drop/benchmarking-results.json
 
     - name: archive benchmarking results
       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: drop-nvhpc
-        path: build/drop/
+        path: build-cmake/drop/