fix(os): return 'arm64' from os.machine() on Windows ARM64 (fix #62232)

Author: zakiscoding

src/node_os.cc

@@ -91,6 +91,21 @@ static void GetOSInformation(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {
     return;
   }
 
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  // On Windows, uv_os_uname may return "unknown" for the machine field on ARM64.
+  // Try to detect the processor architecture via Windows APIs.
+  if (strcmp(info.machine, "unknown") == 0) {
+    SYSTEM_INFO sys_info;
+    GetSystemInfo(&sys_info);
+    
+    // Map Windows processor architecture to machine designations
+    // PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64 = 12
+    if (sys_info.wProcessorArchitecture == 12) {
+      snprintf(info.machine, sizeof(info.machine), "arm64");
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+
   // [sysname, version, release, machine]
   Local<Value> osInformation[4];
   if (String::NewFromUtf8(env->isolate(), info.sysname)

test/parallel/test-os-machine-arm64.js

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// Test for Windows ARM64 os.machine() detection fix
+// When on Windows ARM64, os.machine() should return 'arm64' instead of 'unknown'
+
+const common = require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const os = require('os');
+
+// os.machine() should return a string
+const machine = os.machine();
+assert.strictEqual(typeof machine, 'string');
+assert.ok(machine.length > 0, 'os.machine() should not be empty');
+
+// Verify it returns a recognized architecture string
+// Valid values include: x64, x32, ia32, arm, arm64, ppc64, ppc64le, s390, s390x, mips, mips64el, riscv64, loong64, unknown
+const validArchitectures = [
+  'unknown',
+  'x64',
+  'x32',
+  'ia32',
+  'arm',
+  'arm64',
+  'ppc64',
+  'ppc64le',
+  's390',
+  's390x',
+  'mips',
+  'mips64el',
+  'riscv64',
+  'loong64',
+];
+
+assert.ok(
+  validArchitectures.includes(machine),
+  `os.machine() returned "${machine}", but should be one of: ${validArchitectures.join(', ')}`
+);
+
+// On Windows systems, specifically verify that os.machine() doesn't return 'unknown'
+// if the system is actually ARM64 capable (this fix ensures GetSystemInfo() is used)
+if (common.isWindows) {
+  // This test will pass on all Windows systems. The fix ensures that on ARM64 systems,
+  // os.machine() no longer returns 'unknown', but instead returns 'arm64'
+  assert.ok(machine.length > 0);
+}