deps: add ata JSON Schema validator for node.config.json

[mertcanaltin]

Adds https://github.com/ata-core/ata-validator (v0.4.3) to validate node.config.json against its JSON Schema before parsing.

This gives users clear error messages when their config file has invalid values or unknown properties, instead of the current generic "Invalid value" errors.

Example output for invalid config:
Invalid configuration in node.config.json: /nodeOptions/import: expected exactly one oneOf match, got 0

What's included:

• deps/ata/ with ata-validator built using ATA_NO_RE2 (no extra dependencies, only simdjson which is already in core)
• Schema validation step in node_config_file.cc before existing parsing
• process.versions.ata

refs: #62598

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/gyp
• @nodejs/security-wg

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 30.00000% with 14 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 89.70%. Comparing base (12249cc) to head (c28adff).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/node_config_file.cc	26.31%	10 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #62603      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   91.53%   89.70%   -1.83%     
==========================================
  Files         352      695     +343     
  Lines      147833   214544   +66711     
  Branches    23148    41083   +17935     
==========================================
+ Hits       135321   192466   +57145     
- Misses      12255    14122    +1867     
- Partials      257     7956    +7699     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_metadata.cc	92.85% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node_config_file.cc	76.71% <26.31%> (ø)

... and 461 files with indirect coverage changes

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[juanarbol]

IMHO this is a bit too much, an extra dep for a schema parser inside Node.js (not to mention that is not even v1.x)

This is not a blocker, this is just my personal opinion

[mertcanaltin]

That's a fair concern. The dependency is intentionally minimal, it only uses simdjson which is already in core (no new external dependencies since it's built with ATA_NO_RE2).

On the version, you're right it's pre-1.0, but it already passes 96.9% of the official JSON Schema Test Suite. Happy to work toward 1.0 if that's a requirement.