docs(readme): add CI, license, and release badges (#80)

Standard set of status badges so a reader landing on the repo sees
at a glance: is the build green, what's the license, and what's
the latest released version.

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: blue4209211

README.md

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 # application-profiler
 
+[![Build](https://github.com/nudgebee/application-profiler/actions/workflows/code-verify.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)](https://github.com/nudgebee/application-profiler/actions/workflows/code-verify.yml)
+[![License](https://img.shields.io/github/license/nudgebee/application-profiler)](LICENSE)
+[![Release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/nudgebee/application-profiler)](https://github.com/nudgebee/application-profiler/releases)
+
 Low-overhead, on-demand profiling agent for Kubernetes workloads. Generates
 flamegraphs, JFR recordings, heap dumps, thread dumps, and other profiling
 output for Java, Python, Go, Node.js, Ruby, Rust, C/C++ applications — without